Nuphar japonica

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Nuphar japonica
Nuphar subintegerrimum1.jpg
Nuphar japonica
Botanical Gardens Faculty of Science Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Nymphaeaceae
Genus: Nuphar
Section: Nuphar sect. Nuphar
Species:
N. japonica
Binomial name
Nuphar japonica
DC., 1821
Synonyms [1]
List
  • Nymphaea japonica (DC.) G.Lawson
  • Nymphozanthus japonicus (DC.) Fernald
  • Nuphar japonica var. crenata Casp.
  • Nuphar japonica subvar. lutea Casp.
  • Nuphar japonica f. rubrotincta (Casp.) Kitam.
  • Nuphar japonica var. rubrotincta (Casp.) Ohwi
  • Nuphar japonica subvar. rubrotincta Casp.
  • Nuphar japonica var. stenophylla Miki
  • Nuphar subintegerrima f. rubrotincta (Casp.) Makino

Nuphar japonica, known as East Asian yellow water-lily, [2] is a perennial, [3] aquatic, rhizomatous, [1] herb [4] in the family Nymphaeaceae native to Japan, Korea, and Russia. [1]

Contents

Nuphar japonica is one of three species in the genus Nuphar that is dispersed in the same geographical location of the Saijo Basin, an area in the Hiroshima Prefecture of Japan. [5]

Illustration of Nuphar japonica Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.ART.891 - Nuphar japonicum - Kawahara Keiga - 1823 - 1829 - Siebold Collection - pencil drawing - water colour.jpeg
Illustration of Nuphar japonica

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Nuphar japonica is a perennial, [3] aquatic, rhizomatous, [1] herb [4] with 1–3 cm thick rhizomes. [6] [7] The leaves are submerged, [8] [4] floating, or emerged. [7] The leaf blade is 12–35 cm long, and 6–18 cm wide. [6] The terete petiole [9] is 3–10(–14) mm wide. [7]

Generative characteristics

The yellow to red, [3] solitary, [4] 4–5 cm wide flowers [10] have a long, cylindrical peduncle. [4] The flowers have five sepals [11] and 10–18 petals. [12] The gynoecium consists of 15–16 carpels. [11] The 2–3.5 cm long, [7] and 1.6–2.3 cm wide, urceolate, green, long-necked fruit [6] bears ovoid seeds. [7]

Cytology

The chromosome count is 2n = 34. [13]

Taxonomy

It was published by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1821. [11] [1] It is placed in the section Nuphar sect. Nuphar. [14]

Natural hybrids

Nuphar × saijoensis (Shimoda) Padgett is a natural hybrid between Nuphar japonica and Nuphar pumila . [15]

Etymology

The specific epithet japonica means of Japan. [16] [17]

Phytochemistry

N. japonica contains the alkaloids nupharidin, 1-desoxynupharidin, nupharamine, methyl and ethyl esters of nupharamine. The fruits also contains the alkaloids (0.06%) nupharine, beta-nupharidin, desoxynupharidin. In the rhizomes are found the steroid sitosterol, alkaloids acids, higher fatty acids (palmitic, oleic acid) and the ellagitanins nupharin A, B, [18] C, D, E and F. [19]

Ecology

Habitat

It occurs in lakes, ponds, and streams. [6]

Use

It is grown as an ornamental plant in aquaria, [8] [20] [10] as well as in ponds. [10]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nymphaeaceae</span> Family of plants

Nymphaeaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly called water lilies. They live as rhizomatous aquatic herbs in temperate and tropical climates around the world. The family contains five genera with about 70 known species. Water lilies are rooted in soil in bodies of water, with leaves and flowers floating on or rising from the surface. Leaves are oval and heart-shaped in Barclaya. Leaves are round, with a radial notch in Nymphaea and Nuphar, but fully circular in Victoria and Euryale.

<i>Nuphar</i> Genus of aquatic plants

Nuphar is a genus of aquatic plants in the family Nymphaeaceae, with a temperate to subarctic Northern Hemisphere distribution. Common names include water-lily, pond-lily, alligator-bonnet or bonnet lily, and spatterdock.

<i>Nymphaea lotus</i> Species of water lily

Nymphaea lotus, the white Egyptian lotus, tiger lotus, white lotus, or Egyptian water-lily, is a flowering plant of the family Nymphaeaceae.

<i>Nuphar lutea</i> Species of flowering plant

Nuphar lutea, the yellow water-lily, brandy-bottle, or spadderdock, is an aquatic plant of the family Nymphaeaceae, native to northern temperate and some subtropical regions of Europe, northwest Africa, and western Asia. This species was used as a food source and in medicinal practices from prehistoric times with potential research and medical applications going forward.

<i>Nuphar advena</i> Species of aquatic plant

Nuphar advena is a species of Nuphar native throughout the eastern United States and in some parts of Canada, such as Nova Scotia, as well as Mexico and Cuba. It is locally naturalized in Britain.

<i>Nymphaea macrosperma</i> Species of water lily

Nymphaea macrosperma is an annual or perennial, aquatic, rhizomatous herb in the family Nymphaeaceae native to Australia and New Guinea.

<i>Nuphar pumila</i> Species of flowering plant

Nuphar pumila, the least water-lily, is a perennial, rhizomatous, aquatic herb in the family Nymphaeaceae native to subarctic and temperate Eurasia.

<i>Nuphar microphylla</i> Species of plant

Nuphar microphylla is a perennial, rhizomatous, aquatic herb found in North America. It is listed as a special concern and believed extirpated in Connecticut.

<i>Nuphar subintegerrima</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar subintegerrima is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant endemic to Japan.

<i>Nymphaea prolifera</i> Species of water lily

Nymphaea prolifera is a species of waterlily naturally found from Mexico to Brazil and northeastern Argentina. Additionally, it has been reported to occur in Uruguay.

<i>Nymphaea oxypetala</i> Species of water lily

Nymphaea oxypetala is a species of waterlily native to Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Venezuela. It is a remarkable species with excessively acuminate and acute sepals and petals.

<i>Nymphaea rudgeana</i> Species of water lily

Nymphaea rudgeana is a species of waterlily native to the region spanning from Mexico to tropical South America.

<i>Nuphar submersa</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar submersa is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant endemic to Japan.

<i>Nuphar oguraensis</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar oguraensis is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant endemic to Japan.

<i>Nuphar <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> saijoensis</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar × saijoensis is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant endemic to Japan. It is a natural hybrid of Nuphar japonica and Nuphar pumila, or Nuphar japonica and Nuphar pumila subsp. oguraensis.

<i>Nuphar <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> rubrodisca</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar × rubrodisca is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant native to Canada and the USA. It is a natural hybrid of Nuphar variegata and Nuphar microphylla.

Cabomba palaeformis is a species of aquatic plant in the family Cabombaceae native to Mexico and Central America.

<i>Nuphar pumila <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> sinensis</i> Species of water lily

Nuphar pumila subsp. sinensis is a subspecies of Nuphar pumila native to China.

<i>Nuphar <span style="font-style:normal;">sect.</span> Astylus</i> Section of the genus Nuphar in the family Nymphaeaceae

Nuphar sect. Astylus is a section within the genus Nuphar native to North America.

<i>Nuphar <span style="font-style:normal;">sect.</span> Nuphar</i> Section of the genus Nuphar in the family Nymphaeaceae

Nuphar sect. Nuphar is a section within the genus Nuphar native to Eurasia, in addition to a single North American species Nuphar microphylla.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Nuphar japonica DC". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  2. ↑ English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 549. ISBN   978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017– via Korea Forest Service.
  3. 1 2 3 Nuphar japonica  Japanese pond lily. (n.d.). Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/70319/wd/details
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Nuphar japonicum Nénuphar du Japon. (n.d.). B-Aqua. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.b-aqua.com/pages/plantsfiche.aspx?id=1361
  5. ↑ Kondo, Toshiaki; Watanabe, Sonoko; Shiga, Takashi; Isagi, Yuji (2016). "Microsatellite markers for Nuphar japonica (Nymphaeaceae), an aquatic plant in the agricultural ecosystem of Japan". Applications in Plant Sciences. 4 (12). doi:10.3732/apps.1600082. ISSN   2168-0450. PMC   5238700 . PMID   28101435.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Wiart, C. (2021). Medicinal Plants in the Asia Pacific for Zoonotic Pandemics: Family Amborellaceae to Vitaceae. Volume 1. p. 8. Vereinigtes Königreich: CRC Press.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Schou, J. C., Moeslund, B., Weyer, K. v. d., Wiegleb, G., Lansdown, R. V., Holm, P., Baastrup-Spohr, L., Sand-Jensen, K. (2023). Aquatic Plants of Northern and Central Europe Including Britain and Ireland. p. 77. USA: Princeton University Press.
  8. 1 2 Nuphar japonica - Japanische Teichrose. (n.d.). Flowgrow. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.flowgrow.de/db/wasserpflanzen/nuphar-japonica
  9. ↑ Padgett, D. J. (2003). Phenetic studies in Nuphar Sm.(Nymphaeaceae): variation in sect. Nuphar. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 239, 187-197.
  10. 1 2 3 Breukel, H. (n.d.). Nuphar japonica DC. - Japanische Teichrose. Seerosenforum.de Das Portal Der Seerose. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.seerosenforum.de/Gattung/Nuphar/NupharJaponica/NupharJaponica.aspx
  11. 1 2 3 Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. (1818). Regni vegetabilis systema naturale, sive Ordines, genera et species plantarum secundum methodi naturalis normas digestarum et descriptarum (Vol. 2, p. 62). sumptibus sociorum Treuttel et Würtz. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39511900
  12. ↑ Wilstermann-Hildebrand, M. (n.d.). Nuphar - Mummeln oder Teichrosen. Heimbiotop. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://heimbiotop.de/nuphar.html
  13. ↑ Pellicer, J., Kelly, L. J., Magdalena, C., & Leitch, I. J. (2013). Insights into the dynamics of genome size and chromosome evolution in the early diverging angiosperm lineage Nymphaeales (water lilies). Genome, 56(8), 437-449.
  14. ↑ USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=105025. Accessed 1 February 2025.
  15. ↑ Nuphar × saijoensis (Shimoda) Padgett & Shimoda. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77089495-1
  16. ↑ Aucuba japonica. (n.d.). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/aucuba-japonica/
  17. ↑ Fatsia japonica. (n.d.). Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=276608
  18. ↑ Tannins and Related Compounds. LXXV. : Isolation and Characterization of Novel Diastereoisomeric Ellagitannins, Nupharins A and B, and Their Homologues from Nuphar japonicum DC. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 25 January 1989, volume 37, issue 1, pages 129-134 (abstract)
  19. ↑ Tannins and Related Compounds. LXXIX. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Dimeric and Trimeric Hydrolyzable Tannins, Nuphrins C, D, E and F, from Nuphar japonicum DC. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 25 June 1989, volume 37, issue 7, pages 1735-1743 (abstract)
  20. ↑ Die Japanische Teichrose - Nuphar japonica. (2020, November 16). Aquarium Ratgeber. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.aquarium-ratgeber.com/aquarienpflanzen/pflanzen-vz/wpflanzen/teichrose-japanische/
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