Nuphar pumila

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Nuphar pumila
Nuphar pumilum2.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Nymphaeaceae
Genus: Nuphar
Section: Nuphar sect. Nuphar
Species:
N. pumila
Binomial name
Nuphar pumila
Subspecies [2]
Synonyms

Synonyms of Nuphar pumila subsp. pumila: [2]

  • Nenuphar pumila (Timm) Bluff & Fingerh.
  • Nuphar lutea subsp. pumila (Timm) Bonnier & Layens
  • Nuphar lutea var. pumila (Timm) A.Gray
  • Nymphaea lutea var. pumila Timm
  • Nymphaea pumila (Timm) Hoffm.
  • Nymphozanthus pumilus (Timm) Fernald

Synonyms of Nuphar pumila subsp. sinensis: [3]

  • Nuphar sinensis Hand.-Mazz.

Nuphar pumila, the least water-lily, [4] is a perennial, [5] rhizomatous, aquatic [2] herb [6] in the family Nymphaeaceae native to subarctic and temperate Eurasia. [2]

Contents

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Nuphar pumila is a perennial, [7] [5] rhizomatous, aquatic [2] herb [6] with 20–70 cm long, [7] and 1–3 cm wide rhizomes. [8] The ovate [7] leaves are 5–10(–13) cm long, [9] and 6–12 cm wide. The pubescent petiole is 20–50 cm long. [8] The submerged leaves are round and wrinkled. [6]

Generative characteristics

The yellow, [8] actinomorphic, [6] faintly fragrant, [10] 1–4.5(–6) cm wide flowers have pubescent, 40–50 cm long peduncles [8] The five [11] ovate to spathulate sepals are 16–29 mm long, and 9–16 mm wide. [12] The abaxial surface of the sepals is often green. [9] The flower has 9–13 petals. [12] The androecium consists of 35–65 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 7–12 carpels. [13] The star-shaped stigmatic disk with 7–12 stigmatic rays is 6–8.5 mm wide. [10] The green, [12] 1–2 cm wide fruit [8] bears greenish brown, [12] ovoid to oblong, 3–5 mm long seeds. [8]

Cytology

The chromosome count is 2n = 34. [8] The chloroplast genome is 160737 bp long. [14]

Taxonomy

It was first published as the variety Nymphaea lutea var. pumilaTimm by Joachim Christian Timm in 1795. [2] Later, it was elevated to the status of the separate species Nuphar pumila(Timm) DC. published by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1821. [11] [2]

Etymology

The specific epithet pumila means small. [15] [16]

Distribution

Nuphar pumila is native to China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia, [8] Switzerland, [9] the United Kingdom, [5] Austria, Germany, France, Spain, [17] Finland, Sweden, Denmark, and Poland. [2]

In Europe, the typical subspecies Nuphar pumila subsp. pumila is present. [17]

Conservation

The IUCN conservation status is least concern (LC). [1] However, it is threatened by hybridisation with Nuphar lutea, [17] [18] [19] [9] climate change, [19] pollution, and habitat destruction. [9] It is classified as endangered in Switzerland, [18] vulnerable in France, [20] and endangered in Poland. [7]

Ecology

Habitat

It occurs in lakes, ponds [8] and slowly flowing rivers [6] in nutrient-poor waters at depths of 0.5–3 m. [9]

Herbivory

The leaf mine species Hydromyza livens feeds on Nuphar pumila leaves. [21]

Common names

Nuphar pumila is also known as least water lily [22] or least yellow water-lily. [6]

Uses

It is cultivated as an ornamental plant. [22]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nymphaeaceae</span> Family of plants

Nymphaeaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly called water lilies. They live as rhizomatous aquatic herbs in temperate and tropical climates around the world. The family contains five genera with about 70 known species. Water lilies are rooted in soil in bodies of water, with leaves and flowers floating on or rising from the surface. Leaves are oval and heart-shaped in Barclaya. Leaves are round, with a radial notch in Nymphaea and Nuphar, but fully circular in Victoria and Euryale.

<i>Nymphaea</i> Genus of aquatic plants

Nymphaea is a genus of hardy and tender aquatic plants in the family Nymphaeaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution. Many species are cultivated as ornamental plants, and many cultivars have been bred. Some taxa occur as introduced species where they are not native, and some are weeds. Plants of the genus are known commonly as water lilies, or waterlilies in the United Kingdom. The genus name is from the Greek νυμφαία, nymphaia and the Latin nymphaea, which means "water lily" and were inspired by the nymphs of Greek and Latin mythology.

<i>Nuphar</i> Genus of aquatic plants

Nuphar is a genus of aquatic plants in the family Nymphaeaceae, with a temperate to subarctic Northern Hemisphere distribution. Common names include water-lily, pond-lily, alligator-bonnet or bonnet lily, and spatterdock.

<i>Nuphar lutea</i> Species of flowering plant

Nuphar lutea, the yellow water-lily, brandy-bottle, or spadderdock, is an aquatic plant of the family Nymphaeaceae, native to northern temperate and some subtropical regions of Europe, northwest Africa, and western Asia. This species was used as a food source and in medicinal practices from prehistoric times with potential research and medical applications going forward.

<i>Nymphaea mexicana</i> Species of aquatic plant

Nymphaea mexicana is a species of aquatic plant that is native to the Southern United States and Mexico as far south as Michoacán. Common names include yellow water lily, Mexican water lily and banana water lily.

<i>Nuphar variegata</i> Species of aquatic plant

Nuphar variegata is a plant in the water lily family, Nymphaeaceae. It is native to much of Canada and the northernmost of the United States.

<i>Nymphaea macrosperma</i> Species of water lily

Nymphaea macrosperma is an annual or perennial, aquatic, rhizomatous herb in the family Nymphaeaceae native to Australia and New Guinea.

<i>Nuphar japonica</i> Species of flowering plant

Nuphar japonica, known as East Asian yellow water-lily, is a perennial, aquatic, rhizomatous, herb in the family Nymphaeaceae native to Japan, Korea, and Russia.

<i>Nuphar sagittifolia</i> Species of aquatic plant

Nuphar sagittifolia, common name arrow-leaved water-lily or Cape Fear spatterdock, is a plant species known only from North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.

<i>Nuphar microphylla</i> Species of plant

Nuphar microphylla is a perennial, rhizomatous, aquatic herb found in North America. It is listed as a special concern and believed extirpated in Connecticut.

Nymphaea tenuinervia is a species of waterlily native to Colombia, Guyana and Brazil.

<i>Nuphar submersa</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar submersa is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant endemic to Japan.

Nuphar orbiculata is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant native to the US-American states Alabama, Florida, and Georgia.

<i>Nuphar oguraensis</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar oguraensis is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant endemic to Japan.

<i>Nuphar <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> spenneriana</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar × spenneriana is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant native to Europe. It is a natural hybrid of Nuphar lutea and Nuphar pumila.

<i>Nuphar <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> rubrodisca</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Nuphar × rubrodisca is a species of rhizomatous aquatic plant native to Canada and the USA. It is a natural hybrid of Nuphar variegata and Nuphar microphylla.

<i>Nymphaea pygmaea</i> Species of water lily

Nymphaea pygmaea is a controversial species of perennial, aquatic herb in the family Nymphaeaceae native to Asia.

<i>Nuphar pumila <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> sinensis</i> Species of water lily

Nuphar pumila subsp. sinensis is a subspecies of Nuphar pumila native to China.

<i>Nuphar <span style="font-style:normal;">sect.</span> Astylus</i> Section of the genus Nuphar in the family Nymphaeaceae

Nuphar sect. Astylus is a section within the genus Nuphar native to North America.

<i>Nuphar <span style="font-style:normal;">sect.</span> Nuphar</i> Section of the genus Nuphar in the family Nymphaeaceae

Nuphar sect. Nuphar is a section within the genus Nuphar native to Eurasia, in addition to a single North American species Nuphar microphylla.

References

  1. 1 2 Maiz-Tome, L. 2016. Nuphar pumila. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T167888A1179645. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T167888A1179645.en. Accessed on 07 June 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  3. ↑ "Nuphar pumila subsp. sinensis (Hand.-Mazz.) Padgett". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  4. ↑ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  5. 1 2 3 Nuphar pumila - (Timm.)DC. (n.d.). Plants for a Future (PFAF). Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Nuphar+pumila
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Least Water-lily Nuphar pumila. (n.d.). LuontoPortti – NatureGate. Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://luontoportti.com/en/t/2314/least-water-lily
  7. 1 2 3 4 Dynowski, P., Herbich, J., Źróbek-Sokolnik, A., Dziedzic, J., & Kozłowski, J. (2016). A new stand and the current status of the Nuphar pumila population in Warminsko-Mazurskie province. Pol. J. Nat. Sci, 31, 587-598.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Nuphar pumila in Flora of China @ efloras.org. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2025, from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242000581
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC. (n.d.). InfoFlora. Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/nuphar-pumila.html
  10. 1 2 Bundesamt für Naturschutz. (n.d.). Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC. (Zwerg-Teichrose). FloraWeb. Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://www.floraweb.de/php/artenhome.php?name-use-id=3858
  11. 1 2 Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. (1818). Regni vegetabilis systema naturale, sive Ordines, genera et species plantarum secundum methodi naturalis normas digestarum et descriptarum (Vol. 2, p. 61). sumptibus sociorum Treuttel et Würtz. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39511861
  12. 1 2 3 4 Padgett, D. J. (1998). Phenetic distinction between the dwarf yellow water-lilies: Nuphar microphylla and N. pumila (Nymphaeaceae). Canadian journal of botany, 76(10), 1755-1762.
  13. ↑ Müller, F., Ritz, C. M., Wesche, K., & Welk, E. (2021). Rothmaler - Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Gefäßpflanzen: Grundband. p. 131. Springer Spektrum.
  14. ↑ He, D., Gichira, A. W., Li, Z., Nzei, J. M., Guo, Y., Wang, Q., & Chen, J. (2018). Resolution of Intergeneric Relationships within the Early-Diverging Angiosperm Family Nymphaeaceae Based on Chloroplast Phylogenomics.
  15. ↑ A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin. (n.d.). Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.mobot.org/mobot/latindict/keyDetail.aspx?keyWord=pumilus
  16. ↑ Lagenophora pumila. (n.d.). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/lagenophora-pumila/
  17. 1 2 3 Arrigo, N., Bétrisey, S., Graf, L., Bilat, J., Gerber, E., & Kozlowski, G. (2016). Hybridization as a threat in climate relict Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae). Biodiversity and Conservation, 25, 1863-1877.
  18. 1 2 Keller, S. (2018). Ansiedlung der Kleinen Teichrose Nuphar pumila: Vergleich der Standortbedingungen in erfolgreichen und erfolglosen Ansiedlungsgewässern. In Bachelorarbeit Umweltingenieurwesen ZHAW Wädenswil IUNR, unveröffentlicht.
  19. 1 2 Alfred Buchholz (2023): Artenhilfsprogramm Kleine Teichrose Nuphar pumila in Bayern. - Unveröffentlichtes Gutachten im Auftrag von: Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt, 25 Seiten, Augsburg.
  20. ↑ MNHN & OFB [Ed]. 2003-2025. Sheet of Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC., 1821. Inventaire national du patrimoine naturel (INPN). Website: https://inpn.mnhn.fr/espece/cd_nom/109735 - January 31, 2025
  21. ↑ Nuphar pumila – Plant Parasites of Europe. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://bladmineerders.nl/host-plants/plantae/spermatopsida/angiosperma/nymphaeales/nymphaeaceae/nuphar/nuphar-pumila/
  22. 1 2 Nuphar pumila (NUPPU). (n.d.). EPPO Global Database. Retrieved January 31, 2025, from https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/NUPPU
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