Olango Island Group

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Olango Island Group
Wildlife Sanctuary in Olango Island.jpg
A portion of the Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary
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Olango Island Group
Location of the Olango Island Group in the Philippines
Philippines relief location map (Visayas).svg
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Olango Island Group
Olango Island Group (Visayas)
Geography
Location Cebu
Coordinates 10°16′N124°03′E / 10.27°N 124.05°E / 10.27; 124.05
Total islands7 [1]
Major islandsOlango Island [1]
Area1,030 ha (2,500 acres)
Administration
City Lapu-Lapu
Municipality Cordova, Cebu
Demographics
Population41,128 (2020) [2]
Pop. density4,000/km2 (10000/sq mi)
Official nameOlango Island Wildlife Sanctuary
DesignatedJuly 1, 1994
Reference no.656 [3]

The Olango Island Group is a group of islands found in the Central Visayas region of the Philippines. It comprises Olango island and 6 satellite islets namely: Caubian, Camungi, Caohagan, Gilutongan, Nalusuan, Pangan-an, and Sulpa. The island group has a total land area of approximately 1,030 hectares (2,500 acres). It is divided under the jurisdiction of the city of Lapu-Lapu and the municipality of Cordova, Cebu. It lies 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) east of Mactan and is a major tourist destination in Cebu. [4] It is known for its wildlife sanctuary. The entire area is the first declared Ramsar Wetland Site in the Philippines, as recognized in 1994.

Contents

Geography

View of Olango Island Olango Island near Cebu City, the Philippines.jpg
View of Olango Island

The Olango Group of islands consists of seven islands. Located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of Mactan Island, Olango Island and its satellite islets lies between the Cebu Strait to the south and the Camotes Sea to the north. To the west is the Hilutangan Channel (which separates it from Mactan Island) while to the east is the Olango Channel (which separates it from Bohol). [5]

Land area

Olango Islands has a total land area of approximately 1,030 hectares (2,500 acres). [1] The reef flat-lagoon surrounding the island of Olango is considered one of the most extensive reef areas in the Central Visayas. [1] A total of 4,482 hectares (11,080 acres) of extensive sandy beach, rocky shoreline, inshore flats, seagrass beds, coral reefs, mangrove forest, mudflats, and salt marsh grass surround Olango and its satellite islets. [1]

Topography

The Olango group of islands is an island group composed of the island of Olango and six satellite islets. The six neighboring islets are Sulpa, Gilutongan (also spelled Hilutangan), Nalusuan, Caohagan, Pangan-an, and Camungi. These are bound by continuous fringing reefs (steep reef wall on the west and sloping reef at the east coast of Olango) and reef flats. The islands are low-lying with elevation reaching no more than 10 metres (33 ft) above sea level. [1] At the center of these islands is a vast tidal flat, which includes the 920-hectare (2,300-acre) area of the Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary.

Geology

Olango Islands are raised coral reefs. Like most of Cebu province, [6] the lithology of the island consists of two unit types:

  1. the Plio-Pleistocene Carcar Formation
    Carcar formation is typically a porous coralline limestone characterized by small sinkholes, pitted grooves, and branching pinnacles. [7] This suggests in situ deposition. Its dominant composition are shell, algae, and other carbonate materials, while macro and micro fossils are found abundant in its formation.
  2. quaternary alluvium (the youngest lithologic unit)
    Alluvium is mostly found in coastal areas. Calcareous sand derived from the weathering of limestone mostly makes up the tidal flat. This appears as fine to coarse-grained sand mixed with shell fragments.

As a consequence of the geology, water supplies are hard.

Climate

Cordova
Climate chart (explanation)
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
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Source: climate-data.org
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
4.5
 
 
86
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5.1
 
 
87
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

The climate is typically equatorial – temperature range over the year is less than three degrees Celsius change (5.4 °F), and annual rainfall exceeds 1,500 millimetres (59 in). January to April inclusive are less wet than the other months. This supports at least two rice crops per year. The climate in Cordova falls within Coronas climate type III, characterised by not very pronounced maximum rainfall with a short dry season from one to three months and a wet season of nine to ten months. The dry season starts in February and lasts through April sometimes extending to mid‑May.

Olango has a tropical climate, which is typical to the Central Visayas. Most months of the year are marked by significant rainfall. The short dry season has little impact. This location is classified as Am (Tropical monsoon climate) by Köppen–Geiger climate classification system.

The area is relatively hot and humid, with a mean daily temperature range of 23.2 to 33.1 °C (73.8 to 91.6 °F). Daily mean relative humidity ranges from 60 to 94 percent. The annual rainfall averages about 1,562 mm (61.5 in) at Mactan–Cebu International Airport and 1,440 mm (56.7 in) in brgy Maribago, which is located along the eastern coastline of Mactan Island. [1]

Although, the Philippine archipelago lies within the typhoon belt, the island of Olango is shielded from typhoons by the islands of Mactan and Bohol.

Administration

Caohagan Island Caohagan.JPG
Caohagan Island

Olango and its satellite islets are under the jurisdiction of 2 local government units, the city of Lapu-Lapu and the municipality of Cordova:

Demographics

Olango and its satellite islets had a total population of 21,928, composed of 4,382 households in 1995. [8] The average population density of Olango is 34.2 inhabitants per hectare (13.8/acre) individuals, with Gilutongan Island having the highest density of all the barangays at 96.8 individuals per hectare. [9] In the 2010 census, the total population reached 30,996 people. [2]

Education

Elementary schools are found in all barangays and 4 high schools operating in 4 barangays. At present, there are no college or vocational courses being offered in the island. [9]

Source of income

The traditional occupations of Olango residents are fishing [10] and coastal-related activities such as shellcraft, [10] aquarium fish collection, boat operations, and seaweed farming. Other sources of income include rainfed farming, personnel services, livestock raising, small enterprise (sari-sari store) and, recently, various types of employment from tourism activities. [9]

Olango Island Bird Sanctuary

Olango Island is a diverse coastal ecosystem consisting of extensive coralline sandflats, mangroves, seagrass beds, and offshore coral reefs. The island's mangroves are most extensive in the Cebu province, and its offshore corals are home to scores of various marine species. The island is virtually flat, and it is surrounded by warm seas and partly sheltered from monsoons and strong trade winds. [11]

Olango Island, situated off Mactan Island in Cebu, is one of the seven best-known flyways in the world for migrating birds. Its main attraction is its 920-hectare Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary, [12] a haven for migratory birds from Siberia, Northern China, and Japan. These birds flock to the island seeking refuge from the winter climate of other countries. [13] The sanctuary supports the largest concentration of migratory birds found so far in the Philippines. There are 97 species of birds in Olango, 48 of which are migratory species, while the rest are resident birds of the island. [14]

The birds use Olango as a major refueling station as well as a wintering ground. The birds stop by the island on their southward journey to Australia and New Zealand and on their journey back to their nesting grounds. Among the frequent guests are Chinese egrets, Asiatic dowitchers, eastern curlews, plovers, sandpipers, [15] black-tailed godwit and red knot. [14] It is best to visit Olango around the months of July to November just in time for winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

Then President Corazon Aquino declared the 1,020 hectares tidal flats in Olango a protected area under Proclamation No. 903 [12] on May 14, 1992. [12] It was included on the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance on July 1, 1994. [12] It is the Philippines' first wetland of international importance for waterfowl. [14]

Dive sites

The island of Olango is also known for its dive sites. [11] Tourists can dive in three [16] different sites around the island.

Situated in the northern tip of the island is Mabini Point. Descending to around 35m at the drop-off, one can watch sharks, including hammerheads and the occasional whale shark. [17] Currents around the site are strong and unpredictable. [16]

Olango Island has one of the deepest wall dives around. [11] Baring is along the North-Western side of the island and the wall starts at 60 ft/20m and ends down to about 220 ft/73m before disappearing on a gradual slope. Grey reef sharks, tuna, barracuda, snappers and jacks can be found around the area. [16]

Slightly further south is Santa Rosa. The dive starts with a sandy bottom covered in soft corals, leading to a drop-off at 15m, descending to 50m. There is a good variety of reef fish in the shallows here, while further down are fusiliers, catfish, jacks, snappers and sweetlips, among others. [16]

See also

Related Research Articles

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Cebu, officially the Province of Cebu, is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas (Region VII) region, and consists of a main island and 167 surrounding islands and islets. Its capital and largest city is Cebu City, nicknamed "the Queen (Catholic) City of the South" having the Second Cardinal, the oldest city and first capital of the Philippines, which is politically independent from the provincial government.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mactan</span> Island in the Cebu,Philippines

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Camotes Sea</span> Small sea in the Philippine archipelago, bordered by the islands Leyte, Bohol and Cebu

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Hilutangan Channel is a deep water channel that separates Mactan Island from Olango Island.

Nalusuan is a natural island resort in the Cebu Strait, the Philippines, and one of the islands comprising the Olango Island Group. The island, which measures close to a hectare, is situated between Mactan Island and the Province of Bohol. Originally a sand bar, it was reclaimed to allow the construction of the Nalusuan Island Resort, which occupies the entire island.

The Mactan Channel, also known as Opon Channel, is a channel in Cebu, Philippines. It runs between mainland Cebu island and the smaller island of Mactan. The body of water is located within Metro Cebu, separating the localities of Mandaue and Cebu City in mainland Cebu and Lapu-Lapu City on Mactan. It is one of the three channels that connect the Cebu Strait to the Camotes Sea — the other two being the Hilutangan Channel and the Olango Channel.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pandanon Island</span> Philippine island of Bohol

Pandanon is an island located in the Camotes Sea, in between the islands of Olango and Bohol, in the Visayas Region, Philippines. The island is locally administered by Barangay Pandanon, municipality of Getafe, Bohol. Pandanon is situated in the Danajon Bank, the only double barrier reef in the country and famous for its rich marine wildlife and diversity. It is 9 km (5.6 mi) northwest of the port of Getafe and 13 km (8.1 mi) southeast of Cordova, Cebu. While most of the residents in the island engage in fishing, some are employed in the tourism sector, working in the beach resorts of the island and provide island hopping tours for travelers. In the 2020 Census, the population of Pandanon is 2,362. With a very small area of only 0.07 km2 (0.027 sq mi), the island is regarded as having a very high population density.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caubian Islands</span> Group of islands in Visayas, Philppines

Caubian Islands is a group of islands of Lapu-Lapu City, Philippines. Located in the Camotes Sea, it is approximately 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) north from Getafe, Bohol, and 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) east from Mactan Island. The islands comprise of two small islands: the bigger uninhabited Caubian Daku, also called Poo, and the smaller but densely populated Caubian Gamay. Both islands are located in the Danajon Bank, the only double barrier reef in the Philippines and known to be one of the richest fishing grounds in the country. It is part of the Olango Island Group. Most of the families depend on fishing and speak the Cebuano language. According to the 2020 census, the islands has a population of 2,429. With an area of around 0.06km2, Caubian Gamay has an estimated population density of 60,725/km2. It is regarded to be one of the densest populated islands in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caohagan Island</span>

Caohagan, or sometimes spelled Cawhagan, is an island located in the Cebu Strait in the Philippines. The island is one of the islands that constitute the Olango Island Group, a group of islands off the coast of Mactan Island. Caohagan is under the jurisdiction of the city of Lapu-Lapu. Although, many residents still rely on fishing but some inhabitants of Caohagan are employed in tourism, working in the beach resort in the island, selling merchandise for tourists, opened food stalls and providing island-hopping tours.

Gilutongan is one of the islands comprising the Olango Island Group, a group of islands in between Mactan and the Danajon Bank in the Philippines. Most of the Olango islands are part of Lapu-Lapu City, Gilutongan, however, is under the jurisdiction of the municipality of Cordova, Cebu. The island is approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) southeast from the town of Cordova. The population of Gilutongan is 1,606.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Physical and Oceanographic Features" (PDF). Coastal Environmental Profile of Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  2. 1 2 "Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay: as of May 1, 2010" (PDF). 2010 Census of Population and Housing. National Statistics Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2013. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
  3. ↑ "Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
  4. ↑ "At Olango, Challenge Spells Opportunity". Overseas: The Online Magazine for Sustainable Seas. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  5. ↑ "Olango Island". Malapascua Island: Visayan Sea, Cebu, Philippines. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  6. ↑ Del Rosario, Pastor & Malapitan 2005.
  7. ↑ Hillmer & Scholz 1986.
  8. ↑ NSO (National Statistics Office). 1995. The 1995 socio-economic and demographic characteristics. 550 p.
  9. 1 2 3 "Socio-Political Profile" (PDF). Coastal Environmental Profile of Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  10. 1 2 "Olango Island". K.I. Marine Sports Center, Cebu. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  11. 1 2 3 "About Olango Island and the Visayas". Polaris Dive Center. Archived from the original on June 16, 2008. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  12. 1 2 3 4 "Wetlands in the Philippines". Society for the Conservation of Philippine Wetlands, Inc. Archived from the original on April 6, 2008. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  13. ↑ "Caring for Olango Island and its People". Olango Area Resource Management Program. Archived from the original on February 12, 2008. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  14. 1 2 3 "PGMA's Olango Wetlands visit accents RP's anti-bird flu campaign". The Official Government Portal of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on September 18, 2006. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  15. ↑ "Olango Island". Ecotourism Philippines. Archived from the original on July 10, 2011. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  16. 1 2 3 4 "Olango Island, Mactan, Philippines". Asia Dive Site. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  17. ↑ "Eastern Cebu and Mactan Island". Intas Travel. Retrieved July 14, 2008.

Sources

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