Oriani-class destroyer

Oriani
Class overview
Name	Oriani class
Operators	Regia Marina   French Navy
Preceded by	Maestrale class
Succeeded by	Soldati class
Built	1935–1936
In commission	1937–1954
Completed	4
Lost	3
Scrapped	1
General characteristics (as built)
Type	Destroyer
Displacement	1,700–1,750 long tons (1,730–1,780  t) (standard) 2,400–2,450 long tons (2,440–2,490 t) (full load)
Length	106.7 m (350 ft 1 in)
Beam	10.15 m (33 ft 4 in)
Draught	3.42–4.8 m (11 ft 3 in – 15 ft 9 in)
Installed power	3 Thornycroft boilers 48,000  hp (36,000  kW)
Propulsion	2 shafts; 2 geared steam turbines
Speed	33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph)
Range	2,600–2,800  nmi (4,800–5,200  km; 3,000–3,200  mi) at 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)
Complement	207
Armament	2 × twin 120 mm (4.7 in) guns 2 × single 120 mm (4.7 in) star shell guns 4 × twin 13.2 mm (0.52 in) machine guns 2 × triple 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes 56 mines

The Oriani class (also known as the Poeti class), were a group of four destroyers built for the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) in the mid-1930s. They were improved versions of the Maestrale-class destroyers and had increased machinery power and a different anti-aircraft armament. The increase in power, however, disappointed in that there was only a marginal speed improvement. The obsolete 40 mm/39 pom-pom anti-aircraft guns were finally discontinued, being replaced by extra 13.2 mm (0.52 in) machine guns; otherwise armament was unchanged.

Modifications

Significant upgrades were made to the weapons systems of the two ships that survived Matapan, similar to those made to the Maestrales. One torpedo tube mounting was replaced by two 37 mm (1.5 in)/54 guns; 20 mm (0.79 in) cannon, a 120 mm star-shell gun ^[1] and depth charge throwers were also installed. Before the end of the war, one ship, Oriani had a German Seetakt radar and an additional 20 mm cannon.

Ships

All four ships were built by O.T.O. Livorno and named after poets:

Ship	namesake	Launched	Completed	Notes
Alfredo Oriani	Alfredo Oriani	30 July 1936	15 July 1937	Damaged in the Battle of Cape Matapan, she took part in the successful attack on Harpoon convoy in June 1942. The ship escaped from La Spezia during the Italian Armistice in 1943 and was interned in Malta. She was given to the French Navy as a war reparation, where she served as the D'Estaing until 1954
Vittorio Alfieri	Vittorio Alfieri	20 December 1936	1 December 1937	Sunk on 28 March 1941 in the Battle of Cape Matapan
Giosuè Carducci	Giosuè Carducci	28 October 1936	1 November 1937	Sunk 28 March 1941 in the Battle of Cape Matapan
Vincenzo Gioberti	Vincenzo Gioberti	19 September 1936	27 October 1937	Sunk on 9 August 1943 by the British submarine HMS Simoom

Notes

1. Campbell, pp. 335–338

Bibliography

• Brescia, Maurizio (2012). Mussolini's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Regina Marina 1930–45. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN   978-1-59114-544-8.
• Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN   0-87021-459-4.
• Fraccaroli, Aldo (1968). Italian Warships of World War II. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan. ISBN   0-7110-0002-6.
• Roberts, John (1980). "Italy". In Chesneau, Roger (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. New York: Mayflower Books. pp. 280–317. ISBN   0-8317-0303-2.
• Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN   1-59114-119-2.
• Smigielski, Adam (1995). "Italy". In Chumbley, Stephen (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 195–218. ISBN   1-55750-132-7.
• Whitley, M. J. (1988). Destroyers of World War 2: An International Encyclopedia. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN   1-85409-521-8.

External links

• Page from Uboat.net
• Classe Oriani Marina Militare website