Otidea | |
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Otidea onotica | |
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Genus: | Otidea |
Type species | |
Otidea onotica (Pers.) Fuckel (1870) | |
Synonyms [1] | |
Otidea is a genus of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. The genus is widely distributed in northern temperate regions. [2]
The genus, proposed in 1851 by German physician and mycologist Hermann Friedrich Bonorden, [3] was based on Christiaan Hendrik Persoon's 1822 Peziza Otidea. Otidea is probably derived from the Greek words οϋς (ous), gen. ώτός (otos), meaning "ear", referring to the fruitbody shape of some species. [4]
As of August 2015 [update] , Index Fungorum lists 46 valid species of Otidea: [5]
Sarcoscypha coccinea, commonly known as the scarlet elf cup, scarlet elf cap, or the scarlet cup, is a species of fungus in the family Sarcoscyphaceae of the order Pezizales. The fungus, widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, has been found in Africa, Asia, Europe, North and South America, and Australia. The type species of the genus Sarcoscypha, S. coccinea has been known by many names since its first appearance in the scientific literature in 1772. Phylogenetic analysis shows the species to be most closely related to other Sarcoscypha species that contain numerous small oil droplets in their spores, such as the North Atlantic island species S. macaronesica. Due to similar physical appearances and sometimes overlapping distributions, S. coccinea has often been confused with S. occidentalis, S. austriaca, and S. dudleyi.
Gyromitra infula, commonly known as the hooded false morel or the elfin saddle, is a fungus in the family Helvellaceae. The dark reddish-brown caps of the fruit bodies develop a characteristic saddle-shape in maturity, and the ends of both saddle lobes are drawn out to sharp tips that project above the level of the fruit body. The stipe is white or flushed pale brown, smooth on the outside, but hollow with some chambers inside. It is found in the Northern Hemisphere, usually in the late summer and autumn, growing on rotting wood or on hard packed ground. G. infula is considered inedible as it contains the toxic compound gyromitrin which, when metabolized by the body, is converted into monomethylhydrazine, a component of some rocket fuels. The toxin may be removed by thorough cooking. Gyromitra fungi are included in the informal category "false morels".
The Pyronemataceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales. It is the largest family of the Pezizales, encompassing 75 genera and approximately 500 species. Phylogenetic analyses does not support the prior classifications of this family, and suggest that the family is not monophyletic as it is currently circumscribed.
Trichophaea is a genus of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1885 by French pharmacist Jean Louis Émile Boudier in 1885.
Sowerbyella is a genus of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. The genus has a widespread distribution, and contains 17 species found mostly in Europe and China.
Smardaea is a genus of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae.
Pseudopezicula is a genus of fungi in the family Helotiaceae. Circumscribed by mycologist Richard Korf in 1986, the genus contains two species that cause angular leaf scorch disease on grapes.
Unguiculariopsis is a genus of lichenicolous fungi in the family Cordieritidaceae. It has 29 species.
Plectania is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae. It was circumscribed by German botanist Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel in 1870.
Microstoma floccosum is a species in the cup fungus family Sarcoscyphaceae. It is recognizable by its deep funnel-shaped, scarlet-colored fruit bodies bearing white hairs on the exterior. Found in the United States and Asia, it grows on partially buried sticks and twigs of oak trees.
Lachnellula is a genus of fungi in the family Lachnaceae. The genus contains 40 species. Lachnellula was circumscribed in 1884 by Petter Karsten, with Lachnellula chrysophthalma assigned as the type species.
Unguiculella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Cordieritidaceae. A total of 17 species fall under this genus.
Rutstroemia is a genus of fungi in the family Rutstroemiaceae. It was circumscribed by Petter Karsten in 1871.
Wenying Zhuang is a Chinese mycologist. She is known for her contributions to the study of species diversity and phylogeny of Ascomycetes.
Elias Judah Durand was an American mycologist, and botanist. He was one of the foremost American experts on the discomycetes.
Mu Zang was a Chinese mycologist. He was known for his research on the Boletales of China, and the ecology and biogeography of fungi in southwestern China. He described more than 140 new species and circumscribed three genera, published more than 150 research papers, was chief editor or co-editor for twelve books, and wrote two monographs on the Boletaceae of China. His final book, "Dictionary of the Families and Genera of Chinese Cryptogamic (Spore) Plants" was co-authored with his wife, Professor Xinjiang Li.
Richard Paul "Dick" Korf was an American mycologist and founding co-editor of the journal Mycotaxon. He was a preeminent figure in the study of discomycetes and made significant contributions to the field of fungal nomenclature and taxonomy. Korf was professor emeritus of mycology at Cornell University and director emeritus of Cornell University's Plant Pathology Herbarium.
Lachnea is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Pyronemataceae. The genus was first described in 1822 as Peziza ser. Lachnea by Elias Magnus Fries. This was elevated to genus status by Claude Casimir Gillet in 1880.