| Pancalia leuwenhoekella | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Cosmopterigidae |
| Genus: | Pancalia |
| Species: | P. leuwenhoekella |
| Binomial name | |
| Pancalia leuwenhoekella (Linnaeus, 1761) | |
| Synonyms | |
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Pancalia leuwenhoekella is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae.
Subspecies include: [1]
This species is present in nearly all of Europe. [2] In the east, the range extends to Asia Minor, the Caucasus, south-western Siberia and the Russian Far East. Pancalia leuwenhoekella prefers chalk and limestone habitats. [3]
Pancalia leuwenhoekella has a wingspan of 10–12 mm. The head and thorax are dark bronzy-metallic. Antennae usually with white subapical band. Forewings are deep orange, margins more or less blackish; a narrow interrupted fascia at 1/4, a costal spot before middle and another inwardly oblique at 3/4, a dorsal median spot and an erect tornal mark pale golden-metallic, blackish-edged ; a whitish spot in cilia on posterior costal spot. Hindwings are rather dark bronzy-fuscous. [4] This species is very similar to Pancalia schwarzella . [3]
The larva is dull purple - reddish, segmental incisions and wrinkles pale brownish-ochreous ; head pale yellowish-brown, darker-marked ; plate of 2 transparent. [4] Adults are on wing from April to June. [3]
The larvae feed on Viola species, including Viola tricolor , Viola hirta and Viola canina . They initially mine the leaf stem of their host plant. In this stage, frass is ejected out of the mine through a hole. Later, the larvae feed on the bast fibre of the subterranean parts of the plant from within a silken tunnel. Pupation takes place in a cocoon made of silk and covered with sand. [5]
Ptycholoma lecheana, the Leche's twist moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Europe, China, Korea, Japan, Russia and Asia Minor.
Aphelia viburnana, the bilberry tortrix, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Europe, from Portugal and Great Britain to the Ural Mountains, Siberia and Mongolia, further east to the Russian Far East.
Eriocrania semipurpurella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae, found from Europe to Japan and in North America. It was first described by James Francis Stephens in 1835. The species closely resembles Eriocrania sangii and the larvae of both species mine the leaves of birch.
Cosmopterix is a large genus of moth in the family Cosmopterigidae.
Eriocrania sangii, the large birch purple, is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae found in Europe and described by John Henry Wood in 1891. The moth can be found flying in sunshine around birch trees and the larvae feed on birch leaves.
Eriocrania unimaculella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae found in Europe. It was first described by the Swedish naturalist Johan Wilhelm Zetterstedt in 1839. The larvae feed inside the leaves of birch, making a mine.
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Bucculatrix nigricomella is a species of moth of the family Bucculatricidae. It was first described in 1839 by Philipp Christoph Zeller. It is found in most of Europe.
Parornix betulae is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe, east to Korea. It was recently reported from Canada, with records from Québec, Ontario and British Columbia.
Cosmopterix callichalca is a moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is known from Argentina (Salta), Brazil and the United States
Cosmopterix nishidai is a moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is known from Costa Rica.
Cosmopterix pulchrimella, the beautiful cosmopterix moth, is a moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is known from the United States and Canada. It is also present in the Palearctic realm, where it is known from the Mediterranean Basin, from Portugal to the western Transcaucasus, north to Switzerland and Hungary. It has also been recorded from the Azores, the Canary Islands and Madeira. It has recently been found in southern England.
Cosmopterix lienigiella is a moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found from Fennoscandia to Spain, the Alps and Greece and from Ireland to Ukraine. It is also present in eastern Russia and Japan. It is the type species of the genus Cosmopterix.
Pancalia nodosella is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in Portugal, Spain, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, Italy, Slovenia, Slovakia, most of the Balkan Peninsula, Ukraine, Latvia and Russia. In the east, the range extends through the Caucasus and Central Asia to Kyrgyzstan.
Pancalia schwarzella is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in almost all of Europe, except the south-east. In southern Europe, it is mainly found in mountainous areas up to altitudes of about 2,600 meters. In the east, the range extends to the mountains of Central Asia, Sibiria and from Zabaykalsky Krai to the Kamchatka Peninsula.
Syncopacma taeniolella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in most of Europe.
Glyphipterix equitella is a moth of the family Glyphipterigidae. It is found from Fennoscandia to the Iberian Peninsula, Sardinia, Sicily and Crete and from Ireland to Romania.
Stephensia brunnichella is a moth of the family Elachistidae found in Europe and east into the Palearctic.
Scrobipalpa samadensis, the buck's-horn groundling, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in most of Europe and Russia.
Celypha rurestrana, the hawkweed marble, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1843. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Lithuania, Ukraine and the western part of the Balkan Peninsula. It is also found in Turkey.
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