Peach-fronted parakeet | |
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On a termite mound in Minas Gerais, Brazil | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Psittaciformes |
Family: | Psittacidae |
Genus: | Eupsittula |
Species: | E. aurea |
Binomial name | |
Eupsittula aurea | |
Synonyms | |
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The peach-fronted parakeet (Eupsittula aurea), known as the peach-fronted conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. [4] It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, and Suriname. [5]
The peach-fronted parakeet was formally described in 1788 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae . He placed it with all the other parrots in the genus Psittacus and coined the binomial name Psittacus aurius. [6] [7] Gmelin based his description on earlier publications. In 1758 the English naturalist George Edwards had described and illustrated the species with the English name "golden-crowned parakeet". [8] The peach-fronted parakeet in now one of five parakeets placed in the genus Eupsittula that was introduced in 1853 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte. [9] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek eu meaning "good" with the Modern Latin psittula meaning "little parrot". The specific epithet aurea is Latin meaning "golden". [10] The species is monotypic; no subspecies are recognized. [4]
The peach-fronted parakeet is 23 to 28 cm (9.1 to 11 in) long and weighs 74 to 94 g (2.6 to 3.3 oz). The sexes are the same. Adults have a peachy orange forehead (the "front") and forecrown; their hindcrown is dull blue. Bare yellow skin surrounds their eye. Their nape, upperparts, and tail are dull green. Their cheeks and throat are pale olive-brown that transitions through their breast and belly to a greenish yellow vent and undertail coverts. Their wings are mostly green on top and yellow green on the bottom, with greenish blue flight feathers. Immature birds are similar to adults but have less orange and blue on their head. [11] [12]
The peach-fronted parakeet is found from extreme southern Suriname south through most of the eastern half of Brazil to eastern Bolivia, extreme southeastern Peru, central and eastern Paraguay, and slightly into northeastern Argentina. It inhabits a variety of landscapes from semi-open to wooded, including Mauritia palm groves, cerrado , gallery forest, campo rupestre (a savanna-like grassland with shrubs and scattered trees), and urban areas. [11] [12]
The peach-fronted parakeet appears to make local movements according to the availability of food, but has no regular movement pattern. [11]
The peach-fronted parakeet does much foraging on the ground. Its primary food is seeds from a wide variety of plants; it also feeds on termites and insect larvae. It feeds in agricultural fields, both before harvest and to glean after harvest. [11]
The peach-fronted parakeet breeds in June and July in Peru and between September and December in central Brazil; its season elsewhere has not been defined. It typically excavates its nest in a termitarium, both those on the ground and in trees. The clutch size is two to four eggs. In captivity the incubation period is 23 days and fledging occurs 48 days afer hatch. [11]
The peach-fronted parakeet's call is a "rolling 'vreet vreet-vreet-vreet-vreet', irregularly breaking from low to very high pitch." [12]
The IUCN has assessed the peach-fronted parakeet as being of Least Concern. It has a very large range and though its population size is not known it is believed to be stable. The only apparent major threat is the pet trade. [1] It is considered common in Suriname and abundant in Paraguay. In Brazil it is the most common species of Eupsittula parakeet; and may benefit from forest clearance for agriculture. However, it "suffers extensively from taking of nestlings for sale as pets, with very high mortality in rearing stages." [11]
The palm cockatoo, also known as the goliath cockatoo or great black cockatoo, is a large, smoky-grey/black parrot of the cockatoo family native to New Guinea, the Aru Islands and the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, Australia. It has a crest of long feathers atop its head, with a very large and strong, sharply-hooked black beak, and prominent bright-red cheek patches.
The salmon-crested cockatoo, also known as the Moluccan cockatoo, is a cockatoo endemic to the Seram archipelago in eastern Indonesia. At a height of up to 46–52 centimetres (1.51–1.71 ft) and weight of up to 850 grams (1.87 lb), it is among the largest of the white cockatoos. The female is slightly smaller than the male on average. It has white-pink feathers with a definite peachy glow, a slight yellow on the underwing and underside of the tail feathers and a large retractable recumbent crest which it raises when threatened, revealing hitherto concealed bright red-orange plumes to frighten potential attackers. It may also be raised in excitement or in other 'emotional' displays. Some describe the crest as "flamingo-colored". It also has one of the louder calls in the parrot world and in captivity is a capable mimic.
The orange-winged amazon, also known locally as orange-winged parrot and loro guaro, is a large amazon parrot. It is a resident breeding bird in tropical South America, from Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago south to Peru, Bolivia and central Brazil. Its habitat is forest and semi-open country. Although common, it is persecuted as an agricultural pest and by capture for the pet trade. It is also hunted as a food source. Introduced breeding populations have been reported in Puerto Rico and Tenerife in the Canary Islands.
The red-breasted parakeet is a parrot native to Southeast Asia. It is among the more widespread species of the genus and is the species which has the most geographical variations. It is easily identified by the large red patch on its breast. An alternative name is the moustached parakeet depending on subspecies. Most of the subspecies are confined to minuscule islands or a cluster of islands in Indonesia. One subspecies occurs in the Andaman islands, and one subspecies occurs in continental Southeast Asia and partly extending to northeastern parts of South Asia along the foothills of the Himalayas. Some of the island races may be threatened by the wild bird trade. The nominate race, which occurs in Java, is close to extinction.
The chestnut-fronted macaw or severe macaw is one of the largest of the mini-macaws. It reaches a size of around 45 cm (18 in) of which around half is the length of the tail.
The horned parakeet is a species of parrot in the genus Eunymphicus, in the family Psittaculidae. It is a medium-sized parrot endemic to New Caledonia. It is called "horned" because it has two black feathers that protrude from the head and have red tips.
Eupsittula canicularis, also known as the orange-fronted parakeet, orange-fronted conure, half-moon conure or Petz's conure is a Vulnerable species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found from western Mexico to Costa Rica.
The gray-headed lovebird or Madagascar lovebird is a small species of parrot of the lovebird genus. It is a mainly green parrot. The species is sexually dimorphic and only the adult male has grey on its upper body. They are native on the island of Madagascar and are the only lovebird species which are not native on the African continent. They are the smallest of the lovebird species. It is rarely seen in aviculture and it is difficult to breed in captivity.
The golden parakeet or golden conure, or the Queen of Bavaria conure is a medium-sized golden-yellow Neotropical parrot native to the Amazon Basin of interior northern Brazil. It is the only species placed in the genus Guaruba.
The blue-crowned lorikeet, also known as the blue-crowned lory, blue-crested lory, Solomon lory or Samoan lory, is a parrot found throughout the Lau Islands (Fiji), Tonga, Samoa, Niue and adjacent islands, including: ʻAlofi, Fotuhaʻa, Fulago, Futuna, Haʻafeva, Niuafoʻou, Moce, Niue, Ofu, Olosega, Samoa, Savaiʻi, Tafahi, Taʻu, Tofua, Tonga, Tungua, ʻUiha, ʻUpolu, Varoa, Vavaʻu, and Voleva. It is a 19 cm green lorikeet with a red throat, blue crown, and belly patch shading from red at the top to purple at the bottom.
The jandaya parakeet or jenday conure is a small Neotropical parrot with green wings and tail, reddish-orange body, yellow head and neck, orange cheeks, and black bill, native to wooded habitats in northeastern Brazil. It is a member of the Aratinga solstitialis complex of parakeets very closely related to, and possibly subspecies of the sun parakeet.
The spotted puffbird is a species of puffbird in the family Bucconidae, the puffbirds, nunlets, and nunbirds. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
The festive amazon, also known as the festive parrot, is a species of parrot in the family Psittacidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela. It is associated with forest and woodland growing near major rivers. Locally, it is also found in coastal mangroves. There are two subspecies; A. f. festiva and A. f. bodini.
The brown-throated parakeet, also known as the St. Thomas conure or brown-throated conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in the subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Costa Rica, Panama, the northern mainland of South America, and islands off the South American coast.
The golden-winged parakeet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.
The plain parakeet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Brazil.
The palm lorikeet is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is found in the Santa Cruz Islands and Vanuatu. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and plantations. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The black-headed parrot is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. Other colloquial names are black-crowned parrot, black-capped parrot, black-headed caique, and for subspecies P. m. pallidus, pallid caique. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
The sapphire-rumped parrotlet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Eupsittula is a genus of South and Middle American parakeets in the tribe Arini. Until 2013, all the species were believed to belong to the genus Aratinga. Some of the Eupsittula species are kept in aviculture or as companion parrots, where they are commonly known as conures.