Peckman River

	Peckman River
	River
	Peckman River viewed from Commerce Road in Cedar Grove
Country	United States
State	New Jersey
Counties	Passaic, Essex
Source
- location	Eagle Rock Reservation, West Orange, Essex County , New Jersey , United States
- elevation	624 ft (190 m)
- coordinates	40°48′28.67″N74°14′18.54″W / 40.8079639°N 74.2384833°W
Mouth	Passaic River
- location	Woodland Park, Passaic County , New Jersey , United States
- elevation	119 ft (36 m)
- coordinates	40°53′36.69″N74°12′49.50″W / 40.8935250°N 74.2137500°W Coordinates: 40°53′36.69″N74°12′49.50″W / 40.8935250°N 74.2137500°W
Length	8.5 mi (14 km)

Last updated May 01, 2019

The Peckman River is a tributary of the Passaic River in Essex and Passaic Counties, New Jersey in the United States.

A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage basin of its surface water and groundwater, leading the water out into an ocean.

The Passaic River is a river, approximately 80 mi (129 km) long, in northern New Jersey in the United States. The river in its upper course flows in a highly circuitous route, meandering through the swamp lowlands between the ridge hills of rural and suburban northern New Jersey, called the Great Swamp, draining much of the northern portion of the state through its tributaries. In its lower portion, it flows through the most urbanized and industrialized areas of the state, including along downtown Newark. The lower river suffered from severe pollution and industrial abandonment in the 20th century. In April 2014, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced a $1.7 billion plan to remove 4.3 million cubic yards of toxic mud from the bottom of lower eight miles of the river. It is considered one of the most polluted stretches of water in the nation and the project one of the largest clean-ups ever undertaken.

Essex County is a county in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2017 Census estimate, the county's population was 808,285, making it the state's third-most populous county, an increase of 3.1% from the 2010 United States Census, when its population was enumerated at 783,969, in turn a decrease of 1.2% from the 793,633 enumerated in the 2000 Census. In 2010, the county dropped down to third-largest, behind Middlesex County, and was one of only two counties in the state to see a decline between 2000 and 2010. Its county seat is Newark, the most populous city in the state. It is part of the New York Metropolitan Area.

West Orange is a suburban township in central Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 46,207, reflecting an increase of 1,264 (+2.8%) from the 44,943 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 5,840 (+14.9%) from the 39,103 counted in the 1990 Census.

Verona is a township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 13,332 reflecting a decline of 201 (-1.5%) from the 13,533 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 64 (-0.5%) from the 13,597 counted in the 1990 Census.

Cedar Grove is a township in north central Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 12,411, reflecting an increase of 111 (+0.9%) from the 12,300 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 247 (+2.0%) from the 12,053 counted in the 1990 Census.

Devil's Hole

The Peckman River passes through a number of urban and suburban areas, as well as the Lower Norton Reservoir, before narrowing and terminating in Eagle Rock Reservation in West Orange. Few features define the waterway save for a short waterfall and pool, known as Devil's Hole, located in Cedar Grove and which is used locally as a swimming hole. The falls were created by the addition of Van Orden's Dam during the Dutch settlement of the region.^[1] Historians state that the water from Devil's Hole previously powered a steam boiler at the Van Orden Corset Company factory south of the site.^[2]^[3] On June 18, 2014, a teenager from Newark, NJ drowned while swimming in the hole.^[4] Swimming in Devil's Hole was banned by a local ordinance in 2018.^[5]

Flooding

As a tributary of the Passaic River, the Peckman River has been the subject of frequently flooding, particularly from the mid-2000s. The United States Army Corps of Engineers attributes this flooding to an increase in storms and heavy rainfall, which exceed the drainage capacity of the surrounding area. The USACE notes that recent floods have degraded the ecology of Passaic River Basin, largely as a result of erosion, and consistent with the long-term impact seen in watersheds which are heavily urbanized. Moreover, development throughout the region has reduced the drainage capacity of the basin.^[6]

Related Research Articles

Route 23 is a state highway in the northern part of New Jersey in the United States. The route runs 52.63 mi (84.70 km) from County Route 506 and County Route 577 in Verona, Essex County northwest to the border with New York at Montague Township in Sussex County, where the road continues to Port Jervis, New York as Orange County Route 15. Route 23 heads through Essex and Passaic Counties as a suburban arterial varying from two to four lanes and becomes a six-lane freeway north of a complex interchange with U.S. Route 46 and Interstate 80 in Wayne. The freeway carries Route 23 north to a concurrency with U.S. Route 202. Past the freeway portion, the route heads northwest along the border of Morris and Passaic Counties as a four- to six-lane divided highway with a wide median at places, winding through mountainous areas and crossing Interstate 287 in Riverdale. The route continues northwest through Sussex County as a mostly two-lane, undivided road that passes through farmland and woodland as well as the communities of Franklin, Hamburg, and Sussex before reaching the New York border just south of an interchange with Interstate 84 near High Point State Park.

Little Falls is a township in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. The township was named for a waterfall on the Passaic River at a dam near Beattie Mill.

Lake Passaic was a prehistoric proglacial lake that existed in northern New Jersey in the United States at the end of the last ice age approximately 19,000-14,000 years ago. The lake was formed of waters released by the retreating Wisconsin Glacier, which had pushed large quantities of earth and rock ahead of its advance, blocking the previous natural drainage of the ancestral Passaic River through a gap in the central Watchung Mountains. The lake persisted for several thousand years as melting ice and eroding moraine dams slowly drained the former lake basin. The effect of the lake’s creation permanently altered the course of the Passaic River, forcing it to take a circuitous route through the northern Watchung Mountains before spilling out into the lower piedmont.

The Millstone River is a 38.6-mile-long (62.1 km) tributary of the Raritan River in central New Jersey in the United States.

New Jersey's 11th Congressional District is a suburban district in northern New Jersey. The district includes portions of Essex, Morris, Passaic, and Sussex Counties; it is centered in Morris County. The district is one of the 10 most affluent congressional districts in the United States. As of February 2019, the typically Republican-leaning district is represented by Democrat Mikie Sherrill.

The Horseneck Tract was an area in present-day Essex County, New Jersey, United States, that consisted of what are now the municipalities of Caldwell, West Caldwell, North Caldwell, Fairfield, Verona, Cedar Grove, Essex Fells, Roseland, and portions of Livingston and West Orange.

Third River (New Jersey) river in the United States of America

The Third River, also known as the Yantecaw River, is the third (upstream) main tributary of the Passaic River in Passaic and Essex Counties, New Jersey in the United States.

The West Essex Trail is an Essex County park, situated on the former right-of-way of the Caldwell Branch of the old Erie-Lackawanna Railroad, in Verona, New Jersey, and Cedar Grove, New Jersey. Distinguishing features of this rail trail include a trestle bridge 20 feet (6m) above the Peckman River, and the abandoned Essex County Hospital Center.

The Lenape Trail is a trail connecting Newark, New Jersey with Roseland, New Jersey. It was established in 1982. It is the fifth longest trail in the state behind the Delaware and Raritan Canal Trail, the Appalachian Trail, the completed section of the Highlands Trail in the state and the Batona Trail. The Lenape trail traverses Newark and its suburbs, as well as the Watchung Mountains and Passaic Meadows. Because of the steepness of the Watchung Mountains and the flood-prone nature of the Passaic Meadows, the former basin of Glacial Lake Passaic, these areas have remained much less developed than the rest of the northeastern part of the state. This trail therefore offers hikers an opportunity to see cultural and historical sites of an urban trail, as well as large natural and undeveloped areas. The trail's proximity to New York City and the various ridges it traverses, including Forest Hill, Orange Mountain, and Second Watchung Mountain, offer many views of the skyline. The Lenape Trail forms a segment of the Liberty-Water Gap Trail and incorporates the West Essex Trail, the Lenape Trail's only rail-to-trail section. The Lenape Trail also connects with Morris County's Patriots Path trail system on its western terminus.

Middle Brook is a tributary of the Raritan River in Somerset, New Jersey, in the United States. The stream can be referred to as Rha-weigh-weiros, a Native American name meaning "running from a deep hole", on early maps of the area.

New Jersey's 40th Legislative District is one of 40 districts that make up the map for the New Jersey Legislature. It covers the Bergen County municipalities of Allendale, Franklin Lakes, Ho-Ho-Kus, Midland Park, Ridgewood, Waldwick and Wyckoff; the Essex County township of Cedar Grove; the Morris County municipalities of and Pequannock Township and Riverdale; and the Passaic County municipalities of Little Falls, Pompton Lakes, Totowa, Wayne and Woodland Park.

References

↑ Cedar Grove. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
↑ "Cedar Grove Historical Society booklet" (PDF). Cedargrovehistoricalsociety.org. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
↑ "ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE INVENTORY TOWNSHIP OF CEDAR GROVE, ESSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY" (PDF). Cedargroovenj.org. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
↑ Tamiyah Yancey. "Update: Man dies after jumping into water at Devil's Hole in Cedar Grove". NorthJersey.com. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
↑ Moreno, Jeanne (19 June 2018), Cedar Grove Police Step Up Enforcement of "No Swimming" at Devil's Hole, TAPinto Verona/Cedar Grove, retrieved 14 August 2018
↑ "FACT SHEET-Peckman River Basin, New Jersey > New York District > Fact Sheet Article View". Nan.usace.army.mil. Retrieved 2 January 2015.

External links

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[1] Cedar Grove. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2 January 2015.

[2] "Cedar Grove Historical Society booklet" (PDF). Cedargrovehistoricalsociety.org. Retrieved 2 January 2015.

[3] "ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE INVENTORY TOWNSHIP OF CEDAR GROVE, ESSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY" (PDF). Cedargroovenj.org. Retrieved 2 January 2015.

[4] Tamiyah Yancey. "Update: Man dies after jumping into water at Devil's Hole in Cedar Grove". NorthJersey.com. Retrieved 2 January 2015.

[LO-5] Moreno, Jeanne (19 June 2018), Cedar Grove Police Step Up Enforcement of "No Swimming" at Devil's Hole, TAPinto Verona/Cedar Grove, retrieved 14 August 2018

[6] "FACT SHEET-Peckman River Basin, New Jersey > New York District > Fact Sheet Article View". Nan.usace.army.mil. Retrieved 2 January 2015.