Penstemon barnebyi | |
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Penstemon barnebyi Wayne E Kirch Wildlife Management Area, Nevada | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Plantaginaceae |
Genus: | Penstemon |
Species: | P. barnebyi |
Binomial name | |
Penstemon barnebyi N.H.Holmgren, 1979 | |
Penstemon barnebyi is a species of penstemon known by the common names White River Valley beardtongue and Barneby's beardtongue. It is native to the mountain and basin territory of central western Nevada, where it grows in sagebrush and woodland; there is also one occurrence just over the California border.
Penstemon barnebyi is a herbaceous plant that grows perennially and it relatively long lived, for a Penstemon. [2] [3] Its stems are retrorsely hairy, having backwards facing hairs, and either grow straight upwards or out a short distance before curving to grow upwards to a height of 5 to 30 centimeters (2 to 12 in). Though usually it is less than 20 cm (8 in) tall. [4]
Plants have both basal leaves and cauline leaves, those that sprout directly from the base of the plant and attached to the stems. [2] Like the stems they are retrorsely hairy and the basal leaves and ones lowest on the stems have petioles, leaf stems, attaching them to the plant. Lower leaves usually range in length from 12 to 55 millimeters (1⁄2 to 2+1⁄4 in), but may occasionally reach 75 mm (3 in), their width is 4 to 12 mm (1⁄4 to 1⁄2 in). Their shape is elliptic to spatulate. [4]
Higher up on the stems the leaves are shorter and narrower, 19 to 65 millimeters (3⁄4 to 2+1⁄2 in) long and just 2 to 8 mm (1⁄8 to 3⁄8 in) wide. They are also lanceolate to oblanceolate, shaped like a spear head or a reversed one. The edges of all leaves may be smooth or somewhat toothed. [4]
The inflorescence portion of the stem is densely covered with glandular hairs as are the buds and flowers. Its length may be 2 to 10 centimeters (1 to 4 in) long and the flowers are densely packed on it. Each one will have three to eight groups of flowers with paired bracts 10 to 70 mm (1⁄2 to 2+3⁄4 in) long just under each group. [4]
The tubular flowers are 10 to 14 millimeters (1⁄2 to 1⁄2 in) long and violet in color externally, but more blue towards their ends. The throat of the flower is white with purple stripes and yellowish hairs. [2] The protruding staminode is covered in bright orange hairs and 9–10 mm long. [4]
The species Penstemon barnebyi was scientifically described in 1979 by Noel Herman Holmgren. It has no varieties or synonyms. [5]
The species name, barnebyi, was picked by Holmgren to honor Rupert Barnebyi, a taxonomist who worked at the New York Botanical Garden. [3] In English it is know both as the White River Valley beardtongue and White River Valley penstemon. [6] [7] In addition it is also known as Barneby's beardtongue. [6]
Penstemon barnebyi is native to the US states of Nevada and California. In California it is only known from Mono County. [8] Specifically it is known from collections made along Busher Creek in the White Mountains in the Inyo National Forest. [9] In Nevada it grows in the southern half of White Pine County, the northern part of Lincoln County, and north central Nye County. [3] It has also been located in Esmeralda County and Mineral County, Nevada which boarder Mono County, California. It grows in locations between 1500 and 2500 meters in elevation. [4]
It grows in gravelly dry washes or in calcareous silt soils in sagebrush steppes or between pinyon–juniper woodlands. [4]
In 2001 NatureServe evaluated Penstemon barnebyi and rated it as vulnerable at the global level (G3). They concluded it was also vulnerable (S3) in the state of Nevada and critically imperiled (S1) in California. Though it is common within its range this area was believed to be very restricted. [1]
Penstemon strictus, the Rocky Mountain penstemon, is a penstemon with showy blue flowers.
Penstemon albomarginatus is a rare species of penstemon known by the common name white-margined penstemon. It is native to the deserts of southern Nevada, western Arizona, and southern California.
Penstemon anguineus is a species of penstemon known by the common name Siskiyou penstemon. It is native to the mountains of southern Oregon and northern California, where it grows in coniferous forests, often in open areas left by logging operations.
Penstemon azureus is a flowering plant species known by the common name azure penstemon.
Penstemon bicolor is a species of penstemon known by the common name pinto penstemon. It is native to the desert mountains and valleys of southern Nevada, eastern California, and western Arizona, where it grows in scrub, woodland, and other local habitat. It is a perennial herb which may exceed one meter in maximum height.
Penstemon floridus is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Panamint beardtongue and rose penstemon.
Penstemon janishiae is a species of penstemon known by the common names Antelope Valley beardtongue and Janish's beardtongue. It is native to the northwestern United States in sections of Idaho, Oregon, Nevada and northwestern California, where it is a member of the flora in sagebrush, woodland, and pine forests. It is a perennial herb with several hairy upright stems reaching up to about 25 centimeters tall. The leaves are up to 6 centimeters long, many located around the base of the plant and several pairs along each stem. The inflorescence produces several wide-mouthed tubular flowers 2 to 3 centimeters long. Each hairy, glandular flower is pale purple to pinkish or bluish in color with a dark-lined, pouchlike throat. The mouth of the flower is hairy and the protruding staminode is coated in bright orange or yellow hairs.
Penstemon thompsoniae, Thompson's beardtongue, is a low perennial plant endemic to the southwestern United States, where it grows in dry shrublands, woodlands and forests. It is considered a species of conservation concern in California.
Penstemon rhizomatosus is a rare species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Scheel Creek beardtongue and rhizome beardtongue. It is endemic to Nevada in the United States, where it occurs only in the Schell Creek Range of White Pine County.
Cirsium barnebyi, or Barneby's thistle, is a North American plant species native to the Rocky Mountains of the western United States. It grows in juniper woodlands, sagebrush scrub, etc., at elevations of 1,600–2,600 m (5,200–8,500 ft). It is reported from six counties in three states: Rio Blanco and Garfield Counties, Colorado; Uintah, Carbon and Duchesne Counties, Utah; and Carbon County, Wyoming.
Penstemon australis is a perennial plant native to the southeastern United States, with the common name Eustis Lake penstemon.
Penstemon albidus, commonly known as white penstemon, white-flower beardtongue, or Red-Line Beardtongue is a very widespread perennial flower of the mixed-grass and shortgrass prairies. Its natural distribution is from Manitoba and Alberta in Canada to Texas and New Mexico in the United States. The bright white flowers for which they are named are quite attractive to both bees and hummingbird moths.
Penstemon ambiguus, commonly known as the bush penstemon, pink plains penstemon, or gilia beardtongue is a species of Penstemon that grows in the shortgrass prairies and deserts of the western United States and northern Mexico. This bush-like penstemon grows in sandy, loose, and creosote soils and is particularly known for the spectacular flowering show it produces, sometime seasons turning whole hillsides bright pink–white.
Penstemon auriberbis, commonly known as the Colorado penstemon or Colorado beardtongue, is a species of Penstemon that grows in the shortgrass prairies of southern Colorado and in a few places in northern New Mexico. Although specimens were collected on the 1820 expedition by Stephen H. Long through the area, they were not scientifically described as a separate species until 1920.
Penstemon caespitosus, commonly known as mat penstemon, is a summer blooming perennial flower in the large Penstemon genus. It is a widespread plant from near timberline to the foothills in the Southern Rocky Mountains and Colorado Plateau in North America. It is noted for its ground hugging growth habit and as a plant used in xeriscape and rock gardening.
Penstemon arenicola, commonly known as Red Desert penstemon, is a species of plant from the Western United States. It primarily grows in Wyoming, but it also grows in small areas of Colorado and Utah. It is a short plant known for growing in sand as referenced by its scientific name.
Penstemon albifluvis, the White River penstemon, is a disputed species or variety of Penstemon that grows in a small area in eastern Utah and western Colorado. It grows mainly on broken shale and rock formations in desert habitats. White River penstemon is very rare.
Penstemon yampaensis, the Yampa penstemon, is a rare species of plant from the western United States. It grows in the Yampa River drainage of Colorado and Wyoming and westward into Utah. It is one of the more unusual penstemons, having almost no stem. It is threatened from habitat disturbance, particularly the invasion of the non-native cheatgrass.
Penstemon breviculus, the narrow-mouth penstemon or shortstem penstemon, is a species of perennial flowering plant from the dry forests and steppes of the Colorado Plateau in the western United States.
Penstemon watsonii is a flowering plant that grows largely in Nevada, Utah, and Colorado. It grows in dry rocky areas and has blue to violet flowers.