Phryganistria | |
---|---|
Phryganistria tamdaoensis | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Phasmatodea |
Family: | Phasmatidae |
Tribe: | Pharnaciini |
Genus: | Phryganistria Stål, 1875 |
Type species | |
Phryganistria sarmentosa Westwood, 1848 |
Phryganistria is a genus of stick insects belonging to the subfamily Clitumninae, native to northeastern South Asia, northern Mainland Southeast Asia, and southern China. [1] The species in this genus range in size from fairly large to very large. [2]
The world's longest stick insect (which also makes it the longest known insects) is a currently undescribed species from Guangxi, China, informally referred to as Phryganistria "chinensis". A wild collected female kept at the Insect Museum of West China was the record holder at 62.4 centimetres (24.6 in) in total length (including extended legs), [3] but it was surpassed by one of its captive bred young that reached 64 centimetres (25 in). [4] [5] The second-largest member of the genus likely is Phryganistria heusii yentuensis, with a total length of up to 52 centimetres (20 in) and a body length up to 32 centimetres (13 in). [2] [6] Another, Phryganistria tamdaoensis was selected in 2015 by the International Institute for Species Exploration as one of the "Top 10 New Species" for new species discovered in 2014. [7]
The genus includes the following: [1]
Phobaeticus serratipes is a species of stick insect that at one time was the longest known insect, with one female specimen recorded as being 55.5 cm (21.9 in) in total length. This measurement includes the legs fully extended front and rear, and the actual length of the body alone is considerably shorter. This insect is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Sumatra. It is a popular species among those who raise insects.
Heteropteryx is a monotypic genus of stick insects containing Heteropteryx dilatata as the only described species. and gives its name to the family of the Heteropterygidae. Their only species may be known as jungle nymph, Malaysian stick insect, Malaysian wood nymph, Malayan jungle nymph, or Malayan wood nymph and because of their size it is commonly kept in zoological institutions and private terrariums of insect lovers. It originates from the Malay Archipelago and is nocturnal.
The Phasmatidae are a family of the stick insects. They belong to the superfamily Anareolatae of suborder Verophasmatodea.
Phobaeticus is a genus of Asian stick insects comprising over 25 species. The genus includes some of the world's longest insects.
Phobaeticus kirbyi is species of stick insect native to Borneo. It is one of the world's longest insects. The holotype deposited at the Natural History Museum in London measures 32.8 cm (12.9 in) in body length and 54.6 cm (21.5 in) total length, including extended legs. This makes it the third-longest known insect in terms of body length, behind the stick insects Phryganistria "chinensis" with 36.1 cm (14.2 in) and Phobaeticus chani with 35.7 cm (14.1 in). P. "chinensis", P. chani, P. serratipes and Ctenomorpha gargantua exceed it in total length with legs extended. Recent specimens of P. kirbyi have only reached 28.3 cm (11.1 in) in body length.
Phyllium is the largest and most widespread genus of leaf insects in the family Phylliidae (Phasmatodea). They can be found in Sundaland, Philippine Islands, Wallacea, and Australasia.
Phobaeticus chani, the Chan's megastick, is a species of stick insect in the tribe Pharnaciini, native to the southeast Asian island of Borneo. It is one of the longest insects in the world and was once considered the record-holder. One specimen held in the Natural History Museum in London measures 56.7 cm (22.3 in). This measurement is, however, with the front legs fully extended. The body alone still measures an impressive 35.7 cm (14.1 in).
Pharnacia is a tropical Asian genus of stick insects in the family Phasmatidae and subfamily Clitumninae. Some species formerly placed in this genus have been reassigned to Phobaeticus.
Phryganistria tamdaoensis is a species of stick insect belonging to the family of giant sticks. It was described in 2014 based on specimens from the Tam Đảo National Park in Vietnam, hence, the specific name tamdaoensis. It was described by Joachim Bresseel and Jérôme Constant, biologists of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS). In the same paper they also reported the discovery of another new subspecies, Phryganistria heusii yentuensis, which – measuring 32 cm long – is the second biggest insect known to date. In contrast, P. tamdaoensis, measuring only 23 cm long, is one of the smallest species under giant sticks.
Cryptophyllium westwoodii is a species of leaf insect in the family Phylliidae. It is distributed from southern China, the Andaman islands, Myanmar, Indo-China, Sumatra and the Riouw Archipelago.
Pylaemenes is a genus of stick insects in the family Heteropterygidae and subfamily Dataminae. It combines small to medium-sized, often brightly colored Phasmatodea species. Their representatives are found in large parts of Southeast Asia.
The Clitumninae are a sub-family of stick insects in the family Phasmatidae found in Asia. The type genus Clitumnus is now considered a synonym of Ramulus.
Mearnsiana is a genus of stick insects, which is native to the Philippine islands Mindanao, Leyte and Dinagat.
Trachyaretaon is a genus of stick insects native to the Philippines.
Eubulides is a stick insect genus native to the Philippines.
Theramenes is a genus of medium-sized stick insects in the tribe Obrimini, which is native to the Philippines and to the Indonesian Talaud Islands.
Orestes japonicus, a stick insect, is a representative of the genus Orestes.
Orestes shirakii is a species of stick insects native to Taiwan.
Phryganistria "chinensis" is an informal name for a currently scientifically undescribed species of stick insect discovered in 2014 near Liuzhou in Guangxi, China. It is the world's longest stick insect, which also makes it the world's longest insect. A wild collected female kept at the Insect Museum of West China in Chengdu was the record holder at 62.4 centimetres (24.6 in) in total length and 36.1 centimetres (14.2 in) in body length, but it was surpassed by one of its captive bred young that reached 64 centimetres (25 in) in total length.
Sungaya ibaloi is a species of insect from the family Heteropterygidae. It is one of three very similar stick insect species of the genus Sungaya, which are often kept in the terrariums of enthusiasts. Like all representatives of the genus, the species is endemic to the Philippine island Luzón and was found there in the province of Benguet.