Pogonophryne was first described as a genus in 1914 by the EnglishichthyologistCharles Tate Regan when he described a new species of fish, Pogonophryne scotti, which had been collected on the Terra Nova Expedition in the Ross Sea. P. scotti is, therefore, the type species of Pogonophryne by monotypy.[1][2] The genus name is a compound of pogonos meaning "beard", a reference to the barbel on the chin of P. scotti, and "phryne" which means "toad", possibly an allusion to the bumps and knobs on the head, like the skin of a toad.[3]
Species
There are currently 28 recognized species in this genus:[4]
Pogonophryne plunderfishes have a broad head which is flattened with post-temporal ridges which vary from weakly to well developed. They have a snout which is longer than the diameter of the eye and a broad space between the eyes. The mental barbel, the barbel on the chin which characterises the barbeled plunderfishes, is tapered to a point or expanded at its tip to a varying extent and frequently has branched or simple processes. The pper lateral line has tubular scales at the front and disc-shaped scales towards the back. The middle lateral line normally has disc¬shaped scales to the front and tubular scales to the rear, frequently these are interspersed with disc-shaped scales.[13] The maximum length of these fishes varies from a standard length of 3.8cm (1.5in) in P. albipinna to a total length of 35.5cm (14.0in) in P. neyelovi.[4]
Distribution, habitat and biology
Pogonophryne plunderfishes are found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica reaching as far north as the South Shetland Islands.[13] They are bathydemersal or bathypelagic[4] in deeper water typically at depths greater than 100m (330ft). Their biology is little known but they are known to feed on polychaetes and crustaceans such as mysids, isopods and copepods.[13]
↑ Balushkin, A.V. & Korolkova, E.D. (2013): New Species of Plunderfish Pogonophryne favosa sp. n. (Artedidraconidae, Notothenioidei, Perciformes) from the Cosmonauts Sea (Antarctica) with Description in Artedidraconids of Unusual Anatomical Structures–Convexitas Superaxillaris. Journal of Ichthyology, 53 (8): 562-574.
↑ Spodareva, V.V. & Balushkin, A.V. (2014): Description of a new species of plunderfish of genus Pogonophryne (Perciformes: Artedidraconidae) from the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica) with a key for the identification of species of the group "marmorata". Journal of Ichthyology, 54 (1): 1-6.
↑ Balushkin, A.V. & Spodareva, V.V. (2015): New species of the toad plunderfish of the "albipinna" group, genus Pogonophryne (Artedidraconidae) from the Ross Sea (Antarctica). Journal of Ichthyology, 55 (6): 757-764.
↑ Balushkin, A.V. & Spodareva, V.V. (2013): Pogonophryne sarmentifera sp. nov. (Artedidraconidae; Notothenioidei; Perciformes) – the deep-water species of Antarctic plunderfishes from the Ross Sea (Southern Ocean). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 317 (3): 275-281.
↑ Balushkin, A.V. & Spodareva, V.V. (2013): Pogonophryne skorai sp. n. (Perciformes: Artedidraconidae), a new species of toadlike plunderfish from the Bransfield Strait and coastal waters of the South Shetland Islands (Antarctica). Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 39 (3): 196–201.
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