Proto-oncogene Wnt-1, or Proto-oncogene Int-1 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WNT1 ( INT1 ) gene. [5] [6]
The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes that encode secreted signaling proteins. These proteins have been implicated in oncogenesis and in several developmental processes, including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. This gene is a member of the WNT gene family. It is very conserved in evolution, and the protein encoded by this gene is known to be 98% identical to the mouse Wnt1 protein at the amino acid level. The studies in mouse indicate that the Wnt1 protein functions in the induction of the mesencephalon and cerebellum. This gene was originally considered as a candidate gene for Joubert syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder with cerebellar hypoplasia as a leading feature. However, further studies suggested that the gene mutations might not have a significant role in Joubert syndrome. This gene is clustered with another family member, WNT10B, in the chromosome 12q13 region. [7]
The Wnt signaling pathways are a group of signal transduction pathways which begin with proteins that pass signals into a cell through cell surface receptors. The name Wnt is a portmanteau created from the names Wingless and Int-1. Wnt signaling pathways use either nearby cell-cell communication (paracrine) or same-cell communication (autocrine). They are highly evolutionarily conserved in animals, which means they are similar across animal species from fruit flies to humans.
INT-2 proto-oncogene protein also known as FGF-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF3 gene.
Frizzled is a family of atypical G protein-coupled receptors that serve as receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. When activated, Frizzled leads to activation of Dishevelled in the cytosol.
Neurogenic locus notch homolog 4(Notch 4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOTCH4 gene located on chromosome 6.
Frizzled-5(Fz-5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD5 gene.
Frizzled-3(Fz-3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD3 gene.
Frizzled-1(Fz-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD1 gene.
Frizzled-6(Fz-6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD6 gene.
Frizzled-7(Fd-7) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD7 gene.
Frizzled-8(Fz-8) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD8 gene.
Frizzled-9(Fz-9) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD9 gene. Fz-9 has also been designated as CD349.
Frizzled-4(Fz-4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD4 gene. Fz-4 has also been designated as CD344.
Secreted frizzled-related protein 1, also known as SFRP1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SFRP1 gene.
Protein Wnt-5a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WNT5A gene.
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LRP6 gene. LRP6 is a key component of the LRP5/LRP6/Frizzled co-receptor group that is involved in canonical Wnt pathway.
Proto-oncogene protein Wnt-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WNT3 gene.
Protein Wnt-10b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WNT10B gene.
Protein Wnt-2b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WNT2B gene.
Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 2, also known as WNT2, is a human gene.
Ring finger protein 43 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RNF43 gene.