Gobiidae or gobies is a family of bony fish in the order Gobiiformes, one of the largest fish families comprising more than 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most of gobiid fish are relatively small, typically less than 10 cm (3.9 in) in length, and the family includes some of the smallest vertebrates in the world, such as Trimmatom nanus and Pandaka pygmaea, Trimmatom nanus are under 1 cm long when fully grown, then Pandaka pygmaea standard length are 9 mm (0.35 in), maximum known standard length are 11 mm (0.43 in). Some large gobies can reach over 30 cm (0.98 ft) in length, but that is exceptional. Generally, they are benthic or bottom-dwellers. Although few are important as food fish for humans, they are of great significance as prey species for other commercially important fish such as cod, haddock, sea bass and flatfish. Several gobiids are also of interest as aquarium fish, such as the dartfish of the genus Ptereleotris. Phylogenetic relationships of gobiids have been studied using molecular data.
Stonogobiops nematodes, the Filament-finned prawn-goby, the Antenna goby, the high-fin goby, the red-banded goby, the high-fin red-banded goby, the striped goby, the barber-pole goby, or the black-ray Goby, is a species of marine goby native to the Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean from the Seychelles to the Philippines and Bali.
Nemateleotris magnifica, known by a variety of common names including fire goby, magnificent fire fish, fire dartfish, or red fire goby, is a species of dartfish native to coral reefs of the Indian and Pacific oceans.
Ctenogobiops tangaroai, the Tangaroan shrimp-goby, is a species of goby of the family Gobiidae, native to the reefs of the Pacific Ocean where it can be found in fine-grained sand patches at depths of from 4 to 40 metres. This species is commensal with alpheid shrimps, with a fish and shrimp sharing a burrow. This species can reach a length of 6 centimetres (2.4 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Amblyeleotris steinitzi, Steinitz' prawn goby or simply Steinitz' goby, is a species of small fish in the family Gobiidae. It lives in association with an alpheid shrimp and is found from the Red Sea through the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific Ocean.
Ptereleotris evides, the Blackfin dartfish or scissortail goby, is a species of dartfish native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. It is a reef inhabitant and can be found at depths of from 2 to 15 metres. This species can reach a length of 14 centimetres (5.5 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Ptereleotris zebra, the Zebra barred dartfish, Chinese zebra goby, is a species of dartfish native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. An inhabitant of reefs, it can be found in schools at depths of from 2 to 31 metres though usually no deeper than 4 metres (13 ft). This species can reach a length of 12 centimetres (4.7 in) SL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
The yellow prawn-goby is a species of goby native to the Western Pacific, where it can be found at depths of from 1 to 25 metres in coastal bays and lagoons. This species is symbiotic with alpheid shrimps. The species can reach a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) SL. These fish vary greatly in appearance, ranging from brilliant yellow to gray and even brown forms or combinations of each coloring. This species is often kept in salt water aquariums. The yellow prawn-goby can be kept in aquariums as small as 20 gallons. In the marine hobby they are often partnered with tiger pistol shrimp.
Amblyeleotris wheeleri, the Gorgeous prawn-goby, is a species of goby native to tropical reefs of the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific Ocean. It can be found at depths of from 5 to 40 metres though is usually does not occur deeper than 15 metres (49 ft). It is a commensal with alpheid shrimps, most often being found in association with Alpheus ochrostriatus. This species can reach a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) SL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Amblyeleotris diagonalis, the Diagonal shrimpgoby, is a species of goby native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean where it can be found on reefs at depths of from 6 to 40 metres. It is commensal with alpheid shrimps. This species can reach a length of 11 centimetres (4.3 in) SL.
Stonogobiops dracula, the Dracula shrimpgoby, is a species of goby native to reef environments around the Seychelles and the Maldives. It can be found at depths of 15 to 37 metres where it inhabits areas of rubble or sand near to the reefs where it is a commensal with the shrimp Alpheus randalli. This species can reach a length of 7 centimetres (2.8 in) TL.
Amblyeleotris aurora, the pinkbar goby, is a species of goby native to reefs of the western Indian Ocean at depths of from 5 to 40 metres though usually not deeper than 10 metres (33 ft). It is commensal with the shrimp Alpheus randalli. This species can reach a length of 11 centimetres (4.3 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Mahidolia mystacina, the flagfin prawn goby, flagfin shrimpgoby or smiling goby, is a species of goby native to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean from Delagoa Bay, Mozambique to the Society Islands and from southern Japan to Samoa and northern Australia. This species occurs in marine and brackish waters, being found in coastal bays, estuaries and reef bases where the bottom is silty or muddy at depths of from 5 to 25 metres. This species is a commensal with a species of alpheid shrimp, using its burrow as its home. This species can reach a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade. It is currently the only known member of its genus.
The Y-bar shrimpgoby is a species of goby widespread in the Indo-West-Pacific from East Africa to Melanesia and the Great Barrier Reef. This species can be found on reefs at depths of from 5 to 20 metres where they live in burrows in sandy substrates. They are symbiotic with alpheid shrimps. This species can reach a length of 14 centimetres (5.5 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Vanderhorstia ambanoro, the Ambanoro prawn-goby or twin-spotted shrimp-goby, is a species of fish native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean, where it occurs in lagoons and coastal bays at depths of from 1 to 30 metres. This species inhabits areas with mud or sand substrates, where it lives in association with Alpheus shrimps. This species can reach a length of 13 centimetres (5.1 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Amblyeleotris periophthalma, the broad-banded shrimp goby or the periophthalma shrimp goby, is a marine benthic species of goby native to reef environments of the Indo-West Pacific, Red Sea included.
Nemateleotris helfrichi, Helfrich's Dartfish, is a species of dartfish native to the Pacific Ocean.
Ptereleotris is a genus of dartfishes found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans.
Ptereleotris randalli, the Brazilian dartfish, is a fish belonging to the family Gobiidae and subfamily Ptereleotrinae. Like other dartfishes, it lives over sand and rubble bottoms, and quickly retreats into holes when approached. It was originally thought to be restricted to Brazil, south to Santa Catarina, but recently reported for the southern Caribbean, where it's found at depths of 8-60m.
Ptereleotris microlepis is a species of the fish family Gobiidae. It is widely distributed in a variety of nearshore habitats of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
