Pygmy bushtit

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Pygmy bushtit
Pygmy Tit (Psaltria exilis).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Aegithalidae
Genus: Aegithalos
Species:
A. exilis
Binomial name
Aegithalos exilis
(Temminck, 1836)
Psaltria exilis distribution map.png
Synonyms

Psaltria exilis

The pygmy bushtit (Aegithalos exilis) is a species of bird in the bushtit family Aegithalidae. [2] The species was once placed, along with the rest of its family, with the true tits, Paridae. [3]

It is endemic to Indonesia, where it occurs only on the island of Java. On Java it is restricted to montane forests and plantations above 1,000 m (3,300 ft) and occasionally down to 830 m (2,720 ft) in the west of the island. It frequents conifer forest and other open forest types, and is often encountered on the forest edge. [3]

The pygmy bushtit is the smallest member of its family, and the smallest passerine. It is 8.5 to 8.7 cm (3.3–3.4 in) in length.

The pygmy bushtit was formerly placed in its own monotypic genus Psaltria. It was moved to the current genus Aegithalos based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2016. [4] [5]

Related Research Articles

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The bushtits or long-tailed tits are small passerine birds from the family Aegithalidae, containing 13 species in three genera, all but one of which (Psaltriparus) are found in Eurasia. Bushtits are active birds with long tails compared to their size, moving almost constantly while they forage for insects in shrubs and trees. During non-breeding season, birds live in flocks of up to 50 individuals. Several bushtit species display cooperative breeding behavior, also called helpers at the nest.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Silver-throated bushtit</span> Species of bird

The silver-throated bushtit or silver-throated tit is a species of passerine bird in the family Aegithalidae, widespread throughout the temperate forests of Central, East and parts of North and Western China. The bird's native habitats are mainly along the middle/lower Yangtze and Yellow River basins, although there is also a small southwestern habitat extension in Yunnan along the Lancang valley within the Hengduan Mountains. It has two recognized subspecies.

References

  1. BirdLife International. (2016). "Psaltria exilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22712032A94316107. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22712032A94316107.en . Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  2. "Pygmy Tit (Psaltria exilis)". The Internet Bird Collection. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  3. 1 2 Harrap, Simon (2008), "Family Aegithalidae (Long-tailed Tits)", in del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Christie, David (eds.), Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 13, Penduline-tits to Shrikes, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 76–101, ISBN   978-84-96553-45-3
  4. Johansson, U.S.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Fjeldså, J.; Irestedt, M. (2016). "The phylogenetic position of the world's smallest passerine, the Pygmy Bushtit Psaltria exilis". Ibis. 158 (3): 519–529. doi:10.1111/ibi.12377.
  5. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2021). "Bushtits, leaf warblers, reed warblers". IOC World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 7 December 2021.