| Ramanathapuram Mundu chilli | |
|---|---|
 Ramanathapuram Mundu chilli | |
| Species | Capsicum annuum |
| Origin | Tamil Nadu, India |
| Scoville scale | 17,500 [1] SHU |
The Ramanathapuram Mundu chilli is a variety of dry red chilli mainly grown in Ramanathapuram district, of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. [2] [3] It is primarily grown in the Ramanathapuram district's Tiruvadanai, Mudukulathur, Kadaladi, RS Mangalam and Kamuthi taluks. [4]
It is named after its place of origin, the district of Ramnathapuram and has been cultivated in the district for over 200 years while the word Mundu in Tamil language translates to ‘fat and round’. [5] [6] [7]
It is also popularly known as Ramnad Mundu Chilli as during the British period till 1947 this district was known by the name "The Kingdom of Ramnad or Ramnad estate". [8] [9] [10] [11]
Ramnad mundu chillies are round and approximately the size of cherries and they tend to be milder and more flavorful. [12] They are used as in South Indian cuisine like sambar, chutneys and curries. [13] It is seeded directly and cultivated as a rain-fed crop. The chilli has a thick skin and is tolerant of salinity and drought. [14] [15] [16]
It was awarded the Geographical Indication (GI) status tag from the Geographical Indications Registry under the Union Government of India on 22 February 2022 (valid until 15 November 2030). [17]
Ramnad Mundu Chilli Producer Company Limited from Mudhukulathur, proposed the GI registration of Ramnathapuram Mundu chilli. After filing the application in November 2020, the chilli was granted the GI tag in 2023 by the Geographical Indication Registry in Chennai, making the name "Ramnathapuram Mundu chilli" exclusive to the chilies grown in the region. It thus became the first chilli variety from Tamil Nadu and the 45th type of goods from Tamil Nadu to earn the GI tag. [18]
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Karaikudi is the largest city of Sivaganga district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the centre of the Karaikudi Metropolitan Area, the 21st largest urban area of Tamil Nadu based on 2011 census data. It is part of the area commonly referred to as Chettinad and has been declared a City Municipal Corporation by the Government of Tamil Nadu, on account of the palatial houses built with limestone called Kaarai veedu. Karaikudi Municipal Corporation spreads about 94.31 km2 (36.41 sq mi) consists of 100 wards which undergoes major developments as part of Government Schemes.
Ramanathapuram, also known as Ramnad, is a city and a municipality in Ramanathapuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the administrative headquarters of Ramanathapuram district and the second largest town in Ramanathapuram district.
Vellore district is one of the 38 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India. It is one of the eleven districts that form the north region of Tamil Nadu. Vellore city is the headquarters of this district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 1,614,242 with a sex ratio of 1,007 females for every 1,000 males. In 2017 Vellore district ranked eleventh in list of districts in Tamil Nadu by Human Development Index.
Ramanathapuram District, also known as Ramnad District, is one of the 38 districts an administrative districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. The old Ramanathapuram District consists of Present day Virudhunagar and Sivagangai districts, it touches the Western ghats and bordered with the state of Kerala and east by Bay of Bengal. It was the largest district on that time. The town of Ramanathapuram is the district headquarters. Ramanthapuram District has an area of 4,123 km2. It is bounded on the north by Sivaganga District, on the northeast by Pudukkottai District, on the east by the Palk Strait, on the south by the Gulf of Mannar, on the west by Thoothukudi District, and on the northwest by Virudhunagar District. The district contains the Pamban Bridge, an east–west chain of low islands and shallow reefs that extend between India and the island nation of Sri Lanka, and separate the Palk Strait from the Gulf of Mannar. The Palk Strait is navigable only by shallow-draft vessels. As of 2011, Ramanathapuram district had a population of 1,353,445 with a sex-ratio of 983 females for every 1,000 males. The district is home to the pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram and tourist spot Dhanushkodi, an abandoned town.
Sivaganga District is one of the 38 districts in Tamil Nadu state, India. This district was formed on 15 March 1985 by trifurcation of Ramanathapuram district into Ramanathapuram, Virudhunagar and Sivaganga districts. Sivaganga is the district headquarters, while Karaikudi is the most populous city in the district, administered by the Karaikudi Municipal Corporation. It is bounded by Pudukkottai district on the Northeast, Tiruchirappalli district on the North, Ramanathapuram district on South East, Virudhunagar district on South West and Madurai district on the West. The area's other larger towns include Sivaganga, Kalayar Kovil, Devakottai, Manamadurai, Ilaiyangudi, Thiruppuvanam, Singampunari and Tiruppattur. As of 2011, the district had a population of 1,339,101 with a sex ratio of 1,003 females for every 1,000 males.
Byadagi chilli is a variety of chilli mainly grown in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is named after the town of Byadgi which is located in the Haveri district of Karnataka. It is sometimes written as Bedgi in some supermarkets and grocery stores in India. The business involving Byadagi chillis has the second-largest turnover among all chilli varieties of India. An oil, oleoresin, extracted from these chillies is used in the preparation of nail polish and lipstick. Byadagi chilli is also known for its deep red colour; it is less spicy and is used in many food preparations of South India. Byadagi chilli has been accorded Geographical Indication (GI) in February 2011. Its GI tag is 129.
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Immanuvel Devendrar, who later took the name Immanuel Sekaran, was a civil rights activist, former soldier and a party worker for the Indian National Congress in Tamil Nadu, India.
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The Harmal chilli is a variety of chilli mainly grown in the Indian state of Goa.
The Bhiwapur chilli is a variety of chilli mainly grown in Nagpur district, of the Indian state of Maharashtra.
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The Mizo chilli is a variety of chilli mainly grown in the Indian state of Mizoram. It is a common and widely cultivated crop in Mizoram, and also found in parts of Manipur.
The Sirarakhong Hathei chilli is a variety of chilli mainly grown in the Indian state of Manipur. It is widely cultivated crop in Sirarakhong village in the Ukhrul district of Manipur.
Jalgaon Bharit Brinjal is a variety of brinjal grown in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is a common and widely cultivated crop in areas like Asoda, Bamnod, Mamurabad, Bhadli, Bhalod and Bhusaval of Jalgaon district located in the Khandesh region of North Maharashtra.
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Vellore Spiny brinjal is a variety of brinjal grown in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It originated as a tropical vegetable crop from the village of Elavambadi located in Vellore district. It is primarily cultivated in the Vellore district, specifically in the areas of Anaicut, Kaniyambadi, Gudiyatham, K V Uppam, Vellore, Katpadi, and Pernambut.
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