Siling haba

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Long chili
siling haba (Tagalog)
espada (Spanish)
Siling pangsigang unchopped and chopped.jpg Siling mahaba.jpg
'Siling haba' pepper
Genus Capsicum
Species Capsicum annuum
Cultivar 'Siling haba'
Heat Chilli35.svg Hot
Scoville scale 50,000 SHU

Siling haba ("long chili"), espada ("sword" in Spanish), siling mahaba, siling pangsigang ("chili for sinigang "), siling Tagalog ("Tagalog chili"), and sometimes called green chili, finger chili or long pepper, [1] [2] is one of two kinds of chili common to the Philippines and Filipino cuisine, the other being siling labuyo . Unlike siling labuyo, it belongs to the species Capsicum annuum . [3]

The siling haba fruit grows to between 5 and 7 in (13 and 18 cm) long, and is bright light green in color. [2] While of moderate spiciness, it is much milder and less hot than siling labuyo. [4] It is an ingredient commonly used in Philippine cuisine, spicing up dishes like sinigang, dinuguan, pinangat, kilawin, paksiw, and sisig. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

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Chili peppers, also spelled chile or chilli, are varieties of the berry-fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, which are members of the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for their pungency. Chili peppers are widely used in many cuisines as a spice to add "heat" to dishes. Capsaicin and related compounds known as capsaicinoids are the substances that give chili peppers their intensity when ingested or applied topically. Chili peppers exhibit a range of heat and flavors. This diversity is the reason behind the availability of different types of paprika and chili powder, each offering its own taste and heat level.

<i>Capsicum annuum <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> glabriusculum</i> Variety of chili pepper

Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum, a chili-pepper variety of Capsicum annuum, is native to southern North America and northern South America. Common names include chiltepín, Indian pepper, grove pepper, chiltepe, and chile tepín, as well as turkey, bird’s eye, or simply bird peppers. Tepín is derived from a Nahuatl word meaning "flea". This variety is the most likely progenitor of the domesticated C. annuum var. annuum. Another similar-sized pepper, 'Pequin' is often confused with tepin, although the tepin fruit is round to oval where as the pequin's fruit is oval with a point, and the leaves, stems and plant structures are very different on each plant.

<i>Capsicum annuum</i> Species of flowering plant in the nightshade family

Capsicum annuum is a fruiting plant from the family Solanaceae (nightshades), within the genus Capsicum which is native to the northern regions of South America and to southwestern North America. The plant produces berries of many colors including red, green, and yellow, often with pungent taste. It also has many varieties and common names including paprika, chili pepper, jalapeño, cayenne, bell pepper, and many more with over 200 variations within the species. It is also one of the oldest cultivated crops, with domestication dating back to around 6,000 years ago in regions of Mexico. The genus Capsicum has over 30 species but Capsicum annuum is the primary species in its genus, as it has been widely cultivated for human consumption for a substantial amount of time and has spread across the world. This species has many uses in culinary applications, medicine, self defense, and can even be ornamental.

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Capsicum frutescens is a wild chili pepper having genetic proximity to the cultivated pepper Capsicum chinense native to Central and South America. Pepper cultivars of C. frutescens can be annual or short-lived perennial plants. Flowers are white with a greenish white or greenish yellow corolla, and are either insect- or self-pollinated. The plants' berries typically grow erect; ellipsoid-conical to lanceoloid shaped. They are usually very small and pungent, growing 10–20 millimetres (0.39–0.79 in) long and 3–7 millimetres (0.12–0.28 in) in diameter. Fruit typically grows a pale yellow and matures to a bright red, but can also be other colors. C. frutescens has a smaller variety of shapes compared to other Capsicum species. C. frutescens has been bred to produce ornamental strains because of its large quantities of erect peppers growing in colorful ripening patterns.

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Bicol express, known natively in Bikol as sinilihan, is a popular Filipino dish which was popularized in the district of Malate, Manila, but made in traditional Bicolano style. It is a stew made from long chili peppers or small chili peppers, coconut milk/coconut cream, shrimp paste or stockfish, onion, pork, ginger and garlic. The dish was termed by Laguna resident, Cely Kalaw, during a cooking competition in the 1970s in Malate, Manila. The name of the dish was inspired by the Bicol Express railway train that operated from Tutuban, Manila to Legazpi, Albay. The widely-known name for this dish in the Bicol Region of the Philippines was identified as gulay na may lada, which is currently one of the vegetarian variants of the Bicol express dish. As time progressed, variants of the Bicol express dish expanded with seafood, beef, pescatarian, vegetarian, vegan, and other versions. The preparations for these dishes vary according to the meat present within the dish. In terms of nutritional value, the original version of the Bicol express dish is beneficial in protein but unhealthy in regards to its high levels of saturated fats and cholesterol. The dish has moved into food processing and commercial production so that it can be sold conveniently and stored for a longer period of time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philippine adobo</span> Filipino dish composed of chicken/pork cooked in soy sauce and vinegar

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hot and sour soup</span> Chinese soup with sour and spicy ingredients

Hot and sour soup is a popular example of Chinese cuisine. Although it is said to be originated in Sichuan, this is actually a variant of hulatang or "pepper hot soup" (胡辣汤) with added vinegar to enhance the sourness. This variation is found in Henan province, and in Henan cuisine itself. Also popular in Southeast Asia, India, Pakistan and the United States, it is a flexible soup which allows ingredients to be substituted or added depending on availability. For example, the American-Chinese version can be thicker as it commonly includes corn starch, whilst in Japan, sake is often added.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bird's eye chili</span> Variety of chili pepper

Bird's eye chili or Thai chili is a chili pepper variety from the species Capsicum annuum that is native to Mexico. Cultivated across Southeast Asia, it is used extensively in many Asian cuisines. It may be mistaken for a similar-looking chili derived from the species Capsicum frutescens, the cultivar siling labuyo. Capsicum frutescens fruits are generally smaller and characteristically point upwards. In the Marianas and Guam these are often called boonie peppers or Doni Sali, which can be term for regional wild varieties. The variation between different varieties can be significant for regional dishes or visuals, such as the Thai ornamental varieties.

<i>Capsicum</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dinamita</span> Filipino fried crêpe-wrapped pepper dish

Dinamita is a deep-fried Filipino snack consisting of stuffed siling haba wrapped in a thin egg crêpe. The stuffing is usually giniling, cheese, or a combination of both but it can also be adapted to use a wide variety of ingredients, including tocino, ham, bacon, tuna, and shredded chicken. Dinamita is also known as dynamite lumpia, among other names. It is a type of lumpia and it is commonly eaten as an appetizer or as a companion to beer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dinakdakan</span> Filipino dish that consists of boiled and grilled pork parts

Dinakdakan, also known as Warekwarek, is a Filipino dish consisting of various pork head parts, red onions, siling haba or siling labuyo chilis, ginger, black peppercorns, calamansi juice, and bay leaves. The pork parts are first boiled in the aromatics for an hour or so until tender, and then further grilled until lightly charred. They are chopped into small pieces and served in a creamy sauce traditionally made from mashed cooked pig's brain, though this is commonly substituted with mayonnaise. The pork parts used commonly include pork jowls (maskara), pork collar, and ears. Sometimes pork tongue, liver, stomach, and intestines are also included. Dinakdakan is most commonly served as pulutan, appetizers that are eaten with beer or other alcoholic drinks. But it can also be eaten with rice.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sinampalukan</span> Filipino chicken soup dish

Sinampalukan, also known as sinampalukang manók or tamarind chicken, is a Filipino chicken soup consisting of chicken cooked in a sour broth with tamarind, tamarind leaves, ginger, onion, garlic, and other vegetables.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sinantolan</span> Filipino dish

Sinantolan, also known as ginataang santol or gulay na santol, is a Filipino dish made with grated santol fruit rinds, siling haba, shrimp paste, onion, garlic, and coconut cream. Meat or seafood are also commonly added, and a spicy version adds labuyo chilis. It originates from Southern Luzon, particularly from the Quezon, Laguna, and Bicol regions. It is a type of ginataan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cansi</span> Filipino beef soup originating from the Western Visayas

Cansí is a Filipino beef soup originating from Iloilo which is spread across the rest of the Western Visayas region. It is made with beef shank and bone marrow boiled until gelatinous. It is uniquely slightly soured with fruits like batuan or bilimbi. Cansi is usually cooked with unripe breadfruit or jackfruit, lemongrass, tomatoes, garlic, onions, fish sauce, and siling haba or labuyo peppers. The soup is usually orange in color due to the use of annatto seeds (atsuete). It is also sometimes called "sinigang na bulalo" in Tagalog regions, due to its similarity to sinigang and bulalo.

References

  1. "Sili". Philippine Medicinal Plants. StuartXChange. Retrieved April 4, 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 Fenix, Micky. (May 14, 2008). "Daet's Bicol Express not as hot as Camarines Sur's version". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Archived from the original on October 5, 2008. Retrieved January 27, 2010.
  3. Frial-McBride, Mary Grace (2016). "Extraction of resins from Capsicum annuum var. longum (Siling haba) for the study of their potential anti-microbial activities" (PDF). Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 8 (3): 117–127. ISSN   0975-7384. S2CID   41092438. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 24, 2018. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
  4. Fernandez, Doreen. (1994). Tikim: Essays on Philippine Food and Culture. Anvil Publishing. p. 248. ISBN   978-971-27-0383-6 . Retrieved January 27, 2010.