| Red-faced parrot | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Psittaciformes |
| Family: | Psittacidae |
| Genus: | Hapalopsittaca |
| Species: | H. pyrrhops |
| Binomial name | |
| Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops (Salvin, 1876) | |
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The red-faced parrot (Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops) is a species of parrot in the family Psittacidae.
The parrot is monotypic. Historically, it was treated as a subspecies of the rusty-faced parrot (Hapalopsittaca amazonia). However, a 1989 study by Graves & Uribe Restrepo found substantial evidence to regard it as a full species.
Currently, the red-faced parrot has only been found in Ecuador and Peru, mostly between the eastern Andes mountain range of southern Ecuador and the northwest region of Peru. [2] More specifically, they inhabit mild forests of the provinces of Azuay, Loja and Morona-Santiago and the Piura department in Peru. [3] They are also found in Selva Alegre which has the largest population of red-faced parrots. It’s natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. They have been noted to reside in shrubby growth next to páramo. [4] This parrot is known to have vocalizations to find other flocks of birds in their area.
The red-faced parrot is threatened by habitat loss. Due to a rapidly decreasing habitat, the red-faced parrot is now considered to be Endangered by BirdLife International and the IUCN, and is starting to go extinct. [1]
Studies conducted in southern Ecuador by Mark Jacobs and Jon Walker revealed that the red-faced parrot predominantly resides in the cloud forests of Selva Alegre. [5] These cloud forests are facing ongoing destruction for grazing and agriculture, relieving the red-faced parrot species of a habitat. At this time, habitat loss is the primary source of endangerment for the red-faced parrot.
The population of the red-faced parrot in Selva Alegre estimates from a minimum of 169 to a maximum of 734. [5] Most of the time these birds stay in flocks of 20. They tend to stay in one area, which means that habitat loss can be very dangerous. This small population size puts the red-faced parrot species at risk, as there are less individuals to mate with. This decrease in birth rate makes the species even more vulnerable to the devastating effects of the Selva Alegre habitat loss.
The months between August and January are the red-faced parrots' ideal breeding months. These birds nest in trees and usually lay between two and three eggs. At this time, not much is known about the red-faced parrots' breeding behaviors.
In the main habitat of the red-faced parrot, they feed on a variety of foods. These include flowers and seeds, miconia fruits, viburnum berries, weinmannia shoots, and parts of ericaceous trees. [6]
The Red-faced parrot species is known for their distinct flight call. It consists of several repeated calls of “chek-chek...chek-chek” or “chek-chek-chek…”. [3] When in a perched position, they are noted to make a variety of calls. These include nasal calls, such as the sounds “kyek” and “crreet”.
Caique refers to a group of four species of parrots in the genus Pionites endemic to the Amazon Basin in South America.
The red-lored amazon or red-lored parrot is a species of amazon parrot, native to tropical regions of the Americas, from eastern Mexico south to Ecuador where it occurs in humid evergreen to semi-deciduous forests up to 1,100 m altitude. It is absent from the Pacific side of Central America north of Costa Rica. Not originally known from El Salvador, a pair - perhaps escaped from captivity - nested successfully in 1995 and 1996 in the outskirts of San Salvador and the species might expand its range permanently into that country in the future. This species has also established feral populations in several California cities.
Fuertes's parrot, also known as the indigo-winged parrot, is an Endangered species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Colombia.
The black-winged parrot, also known as the black-eared parrot, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.
The blue-backed parrot, also known as Müller's parrot is a large, endangered species of parrot endemic to the Philippines. It is found in tropical moist lowland forests. Flocks are small and often active at night. Its main threats are habitat loss and trapping for the pet trade.
The grey-cheeked parakeet, less commonly known as fire-winged parakeet, is a vulnerable species of bird in the subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.
The tui parakeet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and possibly Ecuador.
The rusty-faced parrot is a Near Threatened species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela and possibly Ecuador.
The black-headed parrot is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. Other colloquial names are black-crowned parrot, black-capped parrot, black-headed caique, and for subspecies P. m. pallidus, pallid caique. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
The white-breasted parakeet or white-necked parakeet is a Vulnerable species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in southern Ecuador and possibly in adjacent northern Peru.
The El Oro parakeet is an Endangered species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Ecuador.
The painted parakeet, known as the painted conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Suriname, and Venezuela.
The scarlet-shouldered parrotlet, also known as the red-winged parrotlet or Huet's parrotlet, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela, possibly in Suriname, and as a vagrant to Trinidad and Tobago.
The spot-winged parrotlet is a Near Threatened species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The line-cheeked spinetail is an arboreal species of bird in the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is a common species in the Andes in Ecuador and Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, woodland and scrub. It is distinguished from other species by its distribution, behaviour and white supercilium. There are two recognized subspecies, which are in reality a gradient in morphology and plumage from one extreme to the other.
The turquoise jay is a species of bird in the family Corvidae.
The Amazonian scrub flycatcher or Todd's scrub flycatcher is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers.
The azure-rumped parrot is a large bird endemic to Indonesia. It is found in Sulawesi and the Sangir Islands. It was previously conspecific with the blue-backed parrot, which is differentiated with its red iris and blue back versus the azure-rumped parrot's yellow iris and plain back. It is found in forests. Flocks are small and often active at night. Its main threats are habitat loss and trapping for the pet trade.
The Cordillera Central páramo (NT1004) is an ecoregion containing páramo vegetation above the treeline in the Andes mountain range of northern Peru and southern Ecuador. Due to its isolation there are high levels of endemism. Despite many human settlements and some destruction of habitat by agriculture and mining, the ecoregion is relatively intact.
The cordilleran parakeet is a Near Threatened species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.
