Rhizocarpon timdalii | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
Order: | Rhizocarpales |
Family: | Rhizocarpaceae |
Genus: | Rhizocarpon |
Species: | R. timdalii |
Binomial name | |
Rhizocarpon timdalii Ihlen & Fryday (2002) | |
Rhizocarpon timdalii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Rhizocarpaceae. [1] Identified and described as a new species in 2002, this lichen is characterized by its brown thallus composed of convex areoles . It occurs in Europe and North America.
The species was formally described by the lichenologists Per Gerhard Ihlen and Alan Fryday in 2002. The type specimen of Rhizocarpon timdalii was collected near Sawbill Lake in Cook County, Minnesota, USA. This collection was made in a mixed conifer-hardwood forest near a lake, suggesting a preference for acidic rock habitats. [2] The species epithet honours Einar Timdal of the University of Oslo for his contributions to the taxonomy of the genus Rhizocarpon . [2]
The thallus of Rhizocarpon timdalii is brown and areolate , with each areole being convex. The apothecia are rounded and black, initially flat but become distinctly convex as they mature. The exciple is coloured dark blue-green and reacts negatively to standard lichen spot tests. The hypothecium is brown, and the hymenium is hyaline in the lower part, turning dark orange-brown to brown in the upper part. The ascospores are ellipsoid, eumuriform, and hyaline. [2]
Chemically, the thallus of Rhizocarpon timdalii does not react to standard lichen spot tests. It contains an unidentified fatty acid or lacks lichen products detectable by thin-layer chromatography. [2]
Rhizocarpon timdalii is found in both Europe and North America. In Europe, it prefers exposed, wet rocks, often near lakes. In North America, it is found in various forest types, including coniferous and mixed forests, often near lakes or coasts. Associated lichen species vary by region, including Acarospora species, Lecanora polytropa , and Rhizocarpon geographicum in North America, and Ephebe lanata , Lepraria neglecta , and Umbilicaria deusta in Nordic countries. The species has been recorded at elevations up to 200 m (660 ft) in Fennoscandia and up to 650 m (2,130 ft) in Wales, with a range extending to 520 m (1,710 ft) in the USA. [2]
Pseudephebe is a genus of fruticose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. It contains three species that grow on rocks.
Ameliella is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Lecanoraceae. Described in 2008, the genus contains two species, A. andreaeicola and A. grisea, that were collected from high elevations in the Scottish Highlands. The two species have also been found in single instances in British Columbia and Northern Norway. The generic name is derived from the Greek ameleo, meaning "neglected" or "overlooked"; it was originally intended to be Amelia, which is also the first name of the daughter of one of the authors, but this name had previously been used for another genus and was therefore ineligible for use according to the rules of mycological nomenclature. Ameliella appears to have some similarity with the lichen genus Miriquidica.
Rhizocarpon is a genus of crustose, saxicolous, lecideoid lichens in the family Rhizocarpaceae. The genus is common in arctic-alpine environments, but also occurs throughout temperate, subtropical, and even tropical regions. They are commonly known as map lichens because of the prothallus forming border-like bands between colonies in some species, like the common map lichen.
Haematomma ochroleucum, also known as yellow bloodstain lichen, is a species of crustose lichenized fungus. First described in 1771 by Noël Martin Joseph de Necker, it has no subspecies, but two named varieties: H. o. var. ochroleucum and H. o. var. porphyrium.
Halecania athallina is a species of lichen in the family Leprocaulaceae. Found in Alaska, it was described as new to science in 2020 by British lichenologist Alan Fryday. The type specimen was discovered in Hoonah-Angoon Census Area in Glacier Bay National Park. There it was found growing on argillite rock on an alpine heath with rock outcrops.
Porpidia seakensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecideaceae. It is an endolithic species, meaning it grows inside the rocks, between the grains. Found only in Alaska, it was formally described as a new species in 2020 by British lichenologist Alan Fryday. The type specimen was collected in the Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, in Glacier Bay National Park. Here it was discovered growing on granitic rock in a woodland. The lichen is only known from this area, although it is locally common. Its preferred habitat is siliceous rocks and boulders in wooded areas that are open and well lit. The specific epithet seakensis uses the letters "seak" to refer to a standard abbreviation for southeast Alaska.
Fuscidea muskeg is a species of crustose lichen in the family Fuscideaceae. Found in Alaska, it was described as a new species in 2020 by Tor Tønsberg and Martina Zahradníková. The type species was collected in the Hoonah-Angoon Census Area of Glacier Bay National Park. Here it was found growing on a branch of the tree Pinus contorta in muskeg. The specific epithet muskeg is an Algonquin word for a blanket bog.
Miriquidica gyrizans is a species of lichen-forming fungus in the family Lecanoraceae. It is found in Alaska and the Yukon, where it grows on granitic boulders.
Sagiolechia phaeospora is a species of crustose lichen in the family Sagiolechiaceae. It is found in the alpine tundra of Alaska.
Catillaria gilbertii is a rare species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Catillariaceae. It is found in the Central Highlands of Scotland.
Acarospora dissecta is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Acarosporaceae. It grows on volcanic rock in high-altitude regions of the Andes. Its distinguishing features include a crust-like formation of dispersed areoles, a unique combination of organic acids, and a distinctive fissuring pattern. This lichen thrives in the semi-desert, high Andean areas, and currently, its known distribution is limited to specific areas in Bolivia.
Candelariella biatorina is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Candelariaceae. It is characterised by its distinct yellow hue and apothecia that are biatorine in form. The lichen grows on the trunks of various conifer species across the western United States, and in the Russian Far East.
Opegrapha ramisorediata is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Opegraphaceae. Known to occur only in northeastern Brazil, it was described as a new species in 2017. It is characterised by a thin, pale greenish-mauve thallus.
Schaereria porpidioides is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Schaereriaceae. It is found in the Falkland Islands.
Caloplaca streimannii is a little-known species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in New South Wales, Australia, it is characterised by its powdery soredious mass and numerous tiny apothecia.
Lecidea lygommella is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Lecideaceae. It spreads up to 7 cm wide with a thin thallus varying in colour from whitish and pale grey to rusty red-brown, featuring areolate surfaces with irregularly shaped areoles. Its fruiting bodies range from slightly embedded to sitting atop the thallus and black, flat to slightly convex apothecial discs. Unlike its lookalike Lecidea lygomma, L. lygommella does not produce any secondary chemicals. It is found in New South Wales and Victoria, Australia, where it grows on rocks in alpine areas.
Rinodina densisidiata is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Physciaceae, first described in 2018. Found in Brazil, it is characterised its dense layer of cylindrical isidia and unique ascospore characteristics.
Malmidea allobakeri is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Malmideaceae. It is found in Venezuela.
Malmidea rhodopisoides is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Malmideaceae. It is found in Brazil.
Malmidea volcaniana is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Malmideaceae. It is found in Venezuela. A major characteristic of the species is the coralloid (coral-shaped) clumps of isidia-like outgrowths on the thallus surface.