Rhopalosiphum

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Rhopalosiphum
Rhopalosiphum maidis from CSIRO.jpg
R. maidis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
Family: Aphididae
Subfamily: Aphidinae
Tribe: Aphidini
Genus: Rhopalosiphum
Koch, 1854

Rhopalosiphum is a genus of aphid of the family Aphididae that includes 17 species worldwide. [1] Apart from sucking the phloem of host plants and thereby being treated in agriculture as pests, some species are vectors for viral plant pathogens. [2]

Contents

Selected species

Species include: [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aphid</span> Superfamily of insects

Aphids are small sap-sucking insects and members of the superfamily Aphidoidea. Common names include greenfly and blackfly, although individuals within a species can vary widely in color. The group includes the fluffy white woolly aphids. A typical life cycle involves flightless females giving live birth to female nymphs—who may also be already pregnant, an adaptation scientists call telescoping generations—without the involvement of males. Maturing rapidly, females breed profusely so that the number of these insects multiplies quickly. Winged females may develop later in the season, allowing the insects to colonize new plants. In temperate regions, a phase of sexual reproduction occurs in the autumn, with the insects often overwintering as eggs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aphididae</span> Family of true bugs

The Aphididae are a very large insect family in the aphid superfamily (Aphidoidea), of the order Hemiptera. These insects suck the sap from plant leaves. Several thousand species are placed in this family, many of which are considered plant/crop pests. They are the family of insects containing most plant virus vectors with the green peach aphid being one of the most prevalent and indiscriminate carriers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian wheat aphid</span> Species of true bug

The Russian wheat aphid is an aphid that can cause significant losses in cereal crops. The species was introduced to the United States in 1986 and is considered an invasive species there. This aphid is pale green and up to 2 mm long. Cornicles are very short, rounded, and appear to be lacking. There is an appendage above the cauda giving the aphid the appearance of having two tails. The saliva of this aphid is toxic to the plant and causes whitish striping on cereal leaves. Feeding by this aphid will also cause the flag leaf to turn white and curl around the head causing incomplete head emergence. Its host plants are cereal grain crops including wheat and barley and to a lesser extent, wild grasses such as wheatgrasses, brome-grasses, ryegrasses and anything in the grass family.

<i>Brevicoryne</i> Genus of true bugs

Brevicoryne is a genus of aphid insect that contains many species which are agricultural pests.

<i>Rhopalosiphum maidis</i> Species of true bug

Rhopalosiphum maidis, common names corn leaf aphid and corn aphid, is an insect, and a pest of maize and other crops. It has a nearly worldwide distribution and is typically found in agricultural fields, grasslands, and forest-grassland zones. Among aphids that feed on maize, it is the most commonly encountered and most economically damaging, particularly in tropical and warmer temperate areas. In addition to maize, R. maidis damages rice, sorghum, and other cultivated and wild monocots.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Drepanosiphinae</span> Subfamily of true bugs

Drepanosiphinae is a subfamily of aphids in the family Aphididae. There are about 13 genera, 8 of which are extinct, and more than 60 described species in Drepanosiphinae.

<i>Aulacorthum solani</i> Species of true bug

Aulacorthum solani, the foxglove aphid or glasshouse-potato aphid, is an aphid in the superfamily Aphidoidea in the order Hemiptera. It is a true bug and sucks sap from plants.

<i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i> Species of true bug

Bird cherry-oat aphid is an aphid in the superfamily Aphidoidea in the order Hemiptera. It is a true bug and sucks sap from plants. It is considered a major pest in cereal crops, especially in temperate regions, as well as other hosts in parts of Northern Europe. It is the principal vector of many viruses in economically important field crops.

<i>Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale</i> Species of aphid

Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale, the rice root aphid or red rice root aphid, is a sap-sucking insect pest with a wide host range and a global distribution. As a member of the superfamily Aphidoidea, it is one of 16 species of the genus Rhopalosiphum. Adults and nymphs are soft-bodied and usually dark green with brown, red, or yellow tones. Like all aphids, reproduction is sexual and asexual, depending on the environmental conditions and host plant. Rice root aphids cause injury to external plant parts, namely the roots or stem, by feeding on plant sap and vector several important plant viruses. The hosts of this pest extend across multiple plant families with most belonging to Rosaceae, Poaceae, and Solanaceae. R. rufiabdominale is universally associated with Prunus species but also infests various field crops, greenhouse vegetables, cannabis, and other ornamental plants. While this aphid originates from east Asia, it spans nearly every continent. Dispersal is particularly widespread across the United States, India, and Australia, with crop damage documented in multiple instances, although economic losses are primarily associated with Japanese rice crops. Nonetheless, it remains a pest of serious concern due to its high mobility, discrete habitat, and adaptive plasticity, giving it the rightful reputation as a successful invader.

<i>Schizaphis graminum</i> Species of true bug

The greenbug, or wheat aphid, is an aphid in the superfamily Aphidoidea in the order Hemiptera. It is a true bug and feeds on the leaves of Gramineae (grass) family members.

<i>Aphis genistae</i> Species of true bug

Aphis genistae is an aphid of the family Aphididae.

<i>Hyadaphis</i> Genus of true bugs

Hyadaphis is a genus of aphids in the family Aphididae. There are about 19 described species in Hyadaphis.

<i>Schizaphis</i> Genus of insects

Schizaphis is a genus of aphid in the family Aphididae superfamily Aphidoidea, order Hemiptera. Its original distribution is the Palaearctic, but some species have been introduced to other parts of the world. There more than 40 recognized Schizaphis species worldwide.

<i>Phyllaphis</i> Genus of true bugs

Phyllaphis is a genus of aphids in the family Aphididae. There are at least four described species in Phyllaphis.

<i>Uroleucon sonchi</i> Species of true bug

Uroleucon sonchi is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae. Known as the large sow-thistle aphid, it is a native of Europe, and has been introduced to several other countries. It principally feeds on the sow thistle but is also a pest of cultivated lettuce, and so is also known as the brown lettuce aphid.

<i>Sitobion</i> Genus of true bugs

Sitobion is a genus of aphids in the family Aphididae. There are more than 80 described species in Sitobion.

<i>Capitophorus</i> Genus of insects

Capitophorus is a genus of aphids in the family Aphididae. There are more than 30 described species in Capitophorus.

<i>Hyperomyzus</i> Genus of true bugs

Hyperomyzus is a genus of aphids in the family Aphididae. There are more than 20 described species in Hyperomyzus.

<i>Pemphigus</i> (bug) Genus of insects

Pemphigus is a genus of true bugs belonging to the family Aphididae.

References

  1. Aphid Species File
  2. Taber, S. W. (1994). "Labile behavioral evolution in a genus of agricultural pests: The Rhopalosiphum plant lice (Hemiptera: Aphididae)". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 87 (3). Lanham, Maryland: Entomological Society of America: 311–320. doi:10.1093/aesa/87.3.311.
  3. "Nomina Insecta Nearctica". 1998. Archived from the original on 2008-05-18. Retrieved 2008-03-21.
  4. Pérez-Hidalgo, Nicolás; Martínez-Torres, David; Collantes-Alegre, Jorge Mariano; Muller, William Villalobos; Nafría., Juan M. Nieto (2012). "A new species of Rhopalosiphum (Hemiptera, Aphididae) on Chusquea tomentosa (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from Costa Rica". ZooKeys (166): 59–73. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.166.2387 . PMC   3272636 . PMID   22328859.