Roseomonas

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Roseomonas
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Pseudomonadota
Class:
Alphaproteobacteria
Order:
Rhodospirillales
Family:
Acetobacteraceae
Genus:
Roseomonas

Rhis 1993
Type species
Roseomonas gilardii
Species [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]

R. aeriglobus
R. aerilata
R. aerofrigidensis
R. aerophila
R. aestuarii
R. aceris
R. alkaliterrae
R. aquatica
R. arctica
R. arcticisoli
R. cervicalis
R. chloroacetimidivorans
R. eburnea
R. elaeocarpi
R. frigidaquae
R. gilardii
R. hibiscisoli
R. lacus
R. ludipueritiae
R. mucosa
R. musae
R. nepalensis
R. oryzae
R. pecuniae
R. rhizosphaerae
R. riguiloci
R. rosea
R. rubra
R. sediminicola
R. soli
R. stagni
R. suffusca
R. terrae
R. terricola
R. tokyonensis
R. vinacea
R. wooponensis

Contents

Roseomonas is a genus of Gram negative bacteria. The cells are coccoid rods when viewed microscopically. Certain species are known to be opportunistic infections for humans.

Background

The first species isolated had pink colonies when grown on agar, which led to the naming of the genus (from Latin roseus, pink). [12] [13] "Roseomonas species have been isolated frequently from blood, wounds, exudates, abscesses and genitourinary specimens," and have been isolated from environmental sources. [7] [14] Roseomonas can cause bacteremia in humans, especially in immunocompromised patients. While uncommon, the reported rate of Roseomonas infection may be lower due to difficulty in detection of the bacteria in clinical settings. [15]

The first species of Roseomonas were identified when 42 strains of pink-pigmented bacteria from various clinical sources were examined. While similar to characteristics of genus Methylobacterium , the strains were found to contain three new species of a previously unidentified genus, which led to the creation of genus Roseomonas. [12]

Almost all species of Roseomonas are mesophiles. However, R. alkaliterrae is a thermophile, with an optimum growth range of 40-50 °C. [16] Six species are psychrotrophic (i.e. can grow at or below 7 °C): R. aerilata , R. aerophila , R. alkaliterrae , R. arctica , R. oryzae , and R. vinacea . [17] [18] [19] [20] [16]

Reclassified species

R. ludipueritiae and R. rosea were originally classified as Teichococcus ludipueritiae and Muricoccus roseus respectively, but further study on the organisms led to them being reclassified in genus Roseomonas. [21]

Roseomonas fauriae was one of the first species classified as Roseomonas. However, further studies found that R. fauriae was a strain of Azospirillum brasilense , and did not belong in the genus Roseomonas. [22] [23]

Distribution

The original species of Roseomonas, Roseomonas gilardii , R. mucosa , and R. cervicalis were first isolated from blood and human infections, and were likely opportunistic infections. Further discoveries of Roseomonas species were from a variety of environmental sources, including soil, freshwater sediment, plants, water, air, and environmental surfaces. The following is a list of locations from which the species were first isolated:

Air

Freshwater sediment

Plants

Soil

Surfaces

Water

Colony color

Most species of Roseomonas form pink to light red pigmented colonies when grown on culture medium. However, some species form colonies of different colors:

Red

White

Yellow, orange, or brown

Related Research Articles

Actinopolymorpha is a genus in the phylum Actinobacteria (Bacteria).

Azospirillum brasilense Species of bacterium

Azospirillum brasilense is a well studied, nitrogen-fixing (diazotroph), genetically tractable, Gram-negative, alpha-proteobacterium bacterium, first described in Brazil by the group of Johanna Döbereiner and then receiving the name "brasilense". A. brasilense is able to fix nitrogen in the presence of low oxygen levels, making it a microaerobic diazotroph. An isolate from the genus Azospirillum was isolated from nitrogen poor soils in the Netherlands in 1925, however the species A. brasilense was first described in 1978 in Brazil, since this genus is widely found in the rhizospheres of grasses around the world where it confers plant growth promotion. Whether growth promotion occurs through direct nitrogen flux from the bacteria to the plant or through hormone regulation is debated. The two most commonly studied strains are Sp7 and Sp245, both are Brazilian isolates isolated from Tropical grasses from Seropedica, Brazil.

Chryseobacterium bernardetii is a bacterium from the genus of Chryseobacterium.

Chryseobacterium taklimakanense is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacteria from the genus of Chryseobacterium.

Sphingomonas naasensis is a Gram-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas with a polar flagellum which has been isolated from forest soil on the Baengnyeong Island in Korea.

Belnapia is a genus of bacteria from the family of Acetobacteraceae.

Parapedobacter is a genus from the family of Sphingobacteriaceae.

Allokutzneria is a genus from the family of Pseudonocardiaceae.

Roseomonas aerilata is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pink-colored bacterium. It was first isolated from an air sample in an urban environment in Suwon, South Korea, and the new species was proposed in 2008. The species name comes from Latin aer (air) and lata (carried), to reference the fact that the species was first isolated from an air sample.

Roseomonas aerophila is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pink-colored bacterium. It was first isolated from an air sample in Taean County, South Korea, and the new species was proposed in 2013. The species name comes from Latin aer (air) and philos (loving). Another species of Roseomonas, R. aerilata, was also isolated from the air in a different region of South Korea.

Roseomonas arctica is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, psychrotrophic, light red-colored bacteria. It was first isolated from soil in the glacier foreland of Ny-Ålesund in Svalbard, Norway. The species name refers to the Arctic region from which it was first isolated.

Roseomonas arcticisoli is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, light red-colored bacteria. It was first isolated from tundra soil near Ny-Ålesund in Svalbard, Norway. The species name refers to the Arctic soil from which it was first isolated.

Roseomonas hibiscisoli is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pink-colored bacteria. It was first isolated from the rhizosphere of a Hibiscus syriacus plant, and the new species was proposed in 2017. The species name derives from the Hibiscus plant from which it was first isolated. Roseomonas rhizosphaerae was also previously isolated from the rhizosphere of a plant.

Roseomonas ludipueritiae is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pale yellow-colored bacteria. It was first isolated from a children's day care center in 1995. Further work on the isolate led to the proposal of a new genus and species, Teichococcus ludipueritiae in 2003. Further work on T. ludipueritiae found that the species belonged in the genus Roseomonas, and also led to Muricoccus roseus being reclassified as Roseomonas rosea. The species name is derived from Latin ludus (garden) and pueritia (boyhood), referring to the kindergarten day care from which the species was first isolated.

Roseomonas rosea is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pink-colored bacteria. It was first isolated from a children's day care center in 1995. Further work on the isolate led to the proposal of a new genus and species, Muricoccus roseus in 2003. Further work on M. roseus found that the species belonged in the genus Roseomonas, and also led to Teichococcus ludipueritiae being reclassified as Roseomonas ludipueritiae in 2009. The new name for the species is Roseomonas rosea. The species name is derived from Latin rosea (pink), referring to the pink color the bacterial colonies will form, which is also a present in most Roseomonas species.

Roseomonas oryzae is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pale pink-colored bacterium. It was first isolated from rice paddy rhizosphere soil in Western Ghats, Kankumbi, India. The species name is derived from Latin oryzae.

Roseomonas suffusca is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, light brown-colored bacterium. It was first isolated from lagoon sediments located near North Carolina State University in 2015, and the species was first proposed in 2017. The species name comes from Latin suffusca (brownish), referring to the color that the bacterial colonies form, as opposed to the pink coloration of most members of the genus Roseomonas.

Roseomonas vinacea is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, wine-red-colored bacterium. It was first isolated from a soil sample collected from the Tibetan Plateau, China, and the species was first proposed in 2008. The species name is derived from Latin vinacea, referring to the color that the bacterial colonies form.

Roseomonas gilardii is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pink-pigmented bacterium. It is the type species of the genus Roseomonas. The new species was among the first Roseomonas species proposed in 1993, and is named for "Gerald L. Gilardi for his many contributions to bacteriology and, specifically, for his contributions in the area of glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative rods." R. gilardii is pathogenic for humans, causing bacteremia and other infections.

Janibacter is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The genus name is derived from the two-faced Roman god Janus, referring to the fact that the cells of the original strain could be rod-shaped or coccoid.

References

  1. ↑ Qiu X, Qu Z, Jiang F, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Chang X, Da X, Deng S, Kim M, Fang C, Peng F. Roseomonas arctica sp. nov., isolated from arctic glacial foreland soil. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2016 Mar 1;66(3):1218-23.
  2. ↑ Kim DU, Lee H, Kim SG, Ka JO. Roseomonas terricola sp. nov., isolated from agricultural soil. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2017 Oct 6.
  3. ↑ Kim DU, Ka JO. Roseomonas soli sp. nov., isolated from an agricultural soil cultivated with Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2014 Mar 1;64(3):1024-9.
  4. ↑ Subhash Y, Lee SS. Roseomonas suffusca sp. nov., isolated from lagoon sediments. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2017 Jul 17;67(7):2390-6.
  5. ↑ Hyeon JW, Jeon CO. Roseomonas aerofrigidensis sp. nov., isolated from an air conditioner. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2017 Sep 14.
  6. ↑ Yan ZF, Lin P, Li CT, Kook M, Wang QJ, Yi TH. Roseomonas hibiscisoli sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of Mugunghwa (Hibiscus syriacus). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2017 Aug 18;67(8):2873-8.
  7. 1 2 Lee Y, Jeon CO. Roseomonas aeriglobus sp. nov., isolated from an air-conditioning system. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 2017 Oct 5:1-9.
  8. ↑ Chaudhary DK, Kim J. Roseomonas nepalensis sp. nov., isolated from oil-contaminated soil. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2017 May 5;67(4):981-7.
  9. ↑ Damtab J, Nutaratat P, Boontham W, Srisuk N, Duangmal K, Yurimoto H, Sakai Y, Muramatsu Y, Nakagawa Y. Roseomonas elaeocarpi sp. nov., isolated from olive (Elaeocarpus hygrophilus Kurz.) phyllosphere. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2016 Jan 1;66(1):474-80.
  10. ↑ Wang C, Deng S, Liu X, Yao L, Shi C, Jiang J, Kwon SW, He J, Li J. Roseomonas eburnea sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2016 Jan 1;66(1):385-90.
  11. ↑ Chu CW, Chen Q, Wang CH, Wang HM, Sun ZG, He Q, He J, Gu JG. Roseomonas chloroacetimidivorans sp. nov., a chloroacetamide herbicide-degrading bacterium isolated from activated sludge. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 2016 May 1;109(5):611-8.
  12. 1 2 Rihs, J.D., Brenner, D.J., Weaver, R.E., Steigerwalt, A.G., Hollis, D.G. and Yu, V.L., 1993. Roseomonas, a new genus associated with bacteremia and other human infections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 31(12), pp.3275-3283.
  13. ↑ Han XY, Pham AS, Tarrand JJ, Rolston KV, Helsel LO, Levett PN. Bacteriologic characterization of 36 strains of Roseomonas species and proposal of Roseomonas mucosa sp nov and Roseomonas gilardii subsp rosea subsp nov. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2003 Aug 1;120(2):256-64.
  14. ↑ Jiang CY, Dai X, Wang BJ, Zhou YG, Liu SJ. Roseomonas lacus sp. nov., isolated from freshwater lake sediment. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2006 Jan 1;56(1):25-8.
  15. ↑ Dé I, Rolston KV, Han XY. Clinical significance of Roseomonas species isolated from catheter and blood samples: analysis of 36 cases in patients with cancer. Clinical infectious diseases. 2004 Jun 1;38(11):1579-84.
  16. 1 2 Dong L, Ming H, Yin YR, Duan YY, Zhou EM, Nie GX, Feng HG, Liu L, Li WJ. Roseomonas alkaliterrae sp. nov., isolated from an alkali geothermal soil sample in Tengchong, Yunnan, south-west China. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 2014 May 1;105(5):899-905.
  17. ↑ Qiu X, Qu Z, Jiang F, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Chang X, Da X, Deng S, Kim M, Fang C, Peng F. Roseomonas arctica sp. nov., isolated from arctic glacial foreland soil. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2016 Mar 1;66(3):1218-23.
  18. ↑ Kim SJ, Weon HY, Ahn JH, Hong SB, Seok SJ, Whang KS, Kwon SW. Roseomonas aerophila sp. nov., isolated from air. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2013 Jun 1;63(6):2334-7.
  19. ↑ Zhang YQ, Yu LY, Wang D, Liu HY, Sun CH, Jiang W, Zhang YQ, Li WJ. Roseomonas vinacea sp. nov., a Gram-negative coccobacillus isolated from a soil sample. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2008 Sep 1;58(9):2070-4.
  20. ↑ Yoo SH, Weon HY, Noh HJ, Hong SB, Lee CM, Kim BY, Kwon SW, Go SJ. Roseomonas aerilata sp. nov., isolated from an air sample. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2008 Jun 1;58(6):1482-5.
  21. ↑ Sanchez-Porro C, Gallego V, Busse HJ, Kämpfer P, Ventosa A. Transfer of Teichococcus ludipueritiae and Muricoccus roseus to the genus Roseomonas, as Roseomonas ludipueritiae comb. nov. and Roseomonas rosea comb. nov., respectively, and emended description of the genus Roseomonas. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2009 May 1;59(5):1193-8.
  22. ↑ Helsel LO, Hollis DG, Steigerwalt AG, Levett PN. Reclassification of Roseomonas fauriae Rihs et al. 1998 as a later heterotypic synonym of Azospirillum brasilense Tarrand et al. 1979. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2006 Dec 1;56(12):2753-5.
  23. ↑ Rihs JD, Brenner DJ, Weaver RE, Steigerwalt AG, Hollis DG, Yu VL. Roseomonas, a new genus associated with bacteremia and other human infections. Journal of clinical microbiology. 1993 Dec 1;31(12):3275-83.
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