Rufous paradise flycatcher

Last updated

Rufous paradise flycatcher
Northern Rufous Paradise Flycatcher.png
A male ssp. unirufa in Luzon
Terpsiphone cinnamomea - Salibabu Island (1).jpg
A female ssp. talautensis in Sulawesi
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Monarchidae
Genus: Terpsiphone
Species:
T. cinnamomea
Binomial name
Terpsiphone cinnamomea
(Sharpe, 1877)
Subspecies

See text

Synonyms
  • Zeocephus cinnamomeus

The rufous paradise flycatcher (Terpsiphone cinnamomea) is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is found in Indonesia and the Philippines. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests.

Contents

Description and taxonomy

EBird describes the bird as " A medium-sized, long-tailed bird of lowland and foothill forest. Overall rufous in color with a blue bill and a blue eye-ring that is broader in males. Races differ. Northern males have especially extended central tail feathers. Female and southern males have a paler belly. Somewhat similar to Cinnamon Ibon, but found at lower elevations, with a longer tail and a blue eye-ring. Gives a repetitive series of upslurred whistled notes or a shorter, nasal grating call, “greet grr-grr,” with the first note upslurred". [2]


Alternate names for the rufous paradise flycatcher include the cinnamon paradise flycatcher.

Subspecies

Three subspecies are recognized: [3]


Ecology and behavior

Forages in the understory for insects and often joins mixed-species flocks that includ Celestial monarch, Short-crested monarch Blue-headed fantail, Golden-crowned babbler, Lemon-throated leaf warbler, Black-crowned babbler, and other small birds. Breeding season believed to be April to July. Nest is a neat cup made out of plant fibers and then covered with moss and lichens. One nest was discovered to contain 3 eggs but average clutch size is not yet known. [4]

Habitat and conservation status

This species habitat is primary and secondary forest up to 1,200 meters above sea level.

IUCN has assessed both the Northern and Southern rufous paradise flycatchers as least-concern species. It is generally uncommon. While not threatened, deforestation in the Philippines continues throughout the country due to slash and burn farming, mining, illegal logging and habitat conversion. [5] [6]


It is found in multiple protected areas such asPasonanca Natural Park, Kalbario–Patapat Natural Park, Samar Island Natural Park but like all areas in the Philippines, protection is lax and deforestation continues despite this protection on paper. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">African paradise flycatcher</span> Species of bird

The African paradise flycatcher is a medium-sized passerine bird. The two central tail feathers of the male are extended into streamers that commonly are more than twice as long as the body. The female tail feathers are of moderate length and without streamers. The upper parts of the male body, wings, and tail are boldly coloured in chestnut or rusty shades, but the underparts and the head are variably grey to blue-gray, with the head of the mature male being darker, commonly glossy black with greenish highlights. The beak and other bare areas, including a wattle ring round the eye, match the colour of the surrounding feathers. The female coloration is similar, though not so showy and glossy and with the head paler.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian paradise flycatcher</span> Species of bird

The Indian paradise flycatcher is a medium-sized passerine bird native to Asia, where it is widely distributed. As the global population is considered stable, it has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2004. It is native to the Indian subcontinent, Central Asia and Myanmar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue-headed fantail</span> Species of bird

The blue-headed fantail is a fantail endemic to the northern Philippines where it is found on the islands of Luzon and Catanduanes. Until recently, it was considered conspecific with the Tablas fantail and Visayan fantail.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rufous coucal</span> Species of bird

The rufous coucal is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It is found in Luzon and proximate islands in the Philippines. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss. Along with the Philippine coucal, Black-faced coucal and the critically endangered Black-hooded coucal, it is one of the 4 endemic coucals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue-breasted blue flycatcher</span> Species of bird

The blue-breasted blue flycatcher, also known as the blue-breasted flycatcher, is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the Philippines found only north and central parts of Luzon. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests. The Rufous-breasted blue flycatcher was formerly considered to be a subspecies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Celestial monarch</span> Species of bird

The celestial monarch is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae, and one of the most attractive of all the monarch flycatchers. It is identified as a turquoise blue bird with a long and spectacular cerulean blue crest and large greenish-yellow wattle. It is endemic to the Philippines with its extant range being in Luzon, Samar, Mindanao Tawi-Tawi and Basilan and it being possibly extinct on Negros and Sibuyan Island.Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests up to 750 masl. There is an unverified report of this bird in 2024 in Leyte. It is one of the most sought after birds by birdwatchers in the Philippines and in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Short-crested monarch</span> Species of bird

The short-crested monarch is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae and one of the most attractive of all the monarch flycatchers. It is a brilliant ultramarine blue bird with the males having a black facial markings with an electric blue eyering and a short crest contrasted with a pearly white belly. It is endemic to the Philippines found on the islands of Luzon, Camiguin Norte, Polilio, Catanduanes, Samar, Dinagat and Mindanao. It is found in tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is one of the most sought after birds among birdwatchers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Melodious babbler</span> Species of bird

The melodious babbler is a species of bird in the family Pellorneidae. It is endemic to the Philippines and found only on Palawan and Balabac.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Green-backed whistler</span> Species of bird

The green-backed whistler or olive-backed whistler, is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forest and tropical moist montane forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-vented whistler</span> Species of bird

The white-vented whistler is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is found in the southern Philippines and a few islands of Malaysia. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forest and tropical moist montane forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philippine jungle flycatcher</span> Species of bird

The Philippine jungle flycatcher is a species of passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests up to 1,000 meters above sea level.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden-crowned babbler</span> Species of bird

The golden-crowned babbler is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is endemic to the Philippines found only in the moist tropical forest in Northern Luzon. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Visayan babbler</span> Species of bird

The Visayan babbler also known as the Visayan Black-crowned Babbler. is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. It is found on Samar, Leyte and Bohol. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest. It was formerly conspecific to the northern population of the Calabarzon black-crowned babbler but has since been split as a species due to differences in its yellowish throat and whiter belly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mascarene paradise flycatcher</span> Species of bird

The Mascarene paradise flycatcher is a species of bird in the monarch-flycatcher family Monarchidae. It is endemic to the Mascarene islands of Mauritius and Réunion. There are two subspecies recognized: the nominate subspecies from Réunion, also known as the Réunion paradise flycatcher; and T. b. desolata from Mauritius. The Mascarene paradise flycatcher was originally described in the genus Muscicapa and the subspecies T. b. desolata was originally described as a separate species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue paradise flycatcher</span> Species of bird

The blue paradise flycatcher is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to Palawan. It is mainly found in the understory of lowland primary and secondary forests, however populations are likely to be declining owing to habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bates's paradise flycatcher</span> Species of bird

Bates's paradise flycatcher is a passerine bird belonging to the monarch-flycatcher family, Monarchidae. The sexes are similar in appearance with the upper parts being rufous and the head and underparts being bluish-grey. It is native to central Africa where it is found in the understorey of forests.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calabarzon babbler</span> Species of bird found in the Philippines

The Calabarzon babbler is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is endemic to the Philippines found in the island of Luzon. Contrary to its name, it is also found outside the Calabarzon region where it also inhabits Central Luzon, Bicol Peninsula and Catanduanes. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest. It previously was considered a subspecies of the black-crowned babbler.

The Sulu jungle flycatcher is a species of passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the Sulu Archipelago. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests. While it has yet to be assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, this species is likely threatened by habitat loss.

The rufous-breasted blue flycatcher is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the Philippines found on the Bicol Peninsula and Catanduanes. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests. It was formerly treated as a subspecies of the blue-breasted blue flycatcher. It is one of the most mysterious and least observed species with no known photos of any living bird.

References

  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Terpsiphone cinnamomea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T103715802A94109161. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103715802A94109161.en . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. "Rufous Paradise-Flycatcher - eBird". ebird.org. Retrieved 2024-09-09.
  3. "IOC World Bird List 6.4". IOC World Bird List Datasets. doi: 10.14344/ioc.ml.6.4 .
  4. Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Moeliker, Kees; del Hoyo, Josep; Christie, David; Collar, Nigel (2022). "Rufous Paradise-Flycatcher (Terpsiphone cinnamomea), version 2.0". Birds of the World. doi:10.2173/bow.rupfly1.02species_shared.bow.project_name. ISSN   2771-3105.
  5. 1 2 IUCN (2016-10-01). Terpsiphone cinnamomea: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T103715802A94109161 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t103715802a94109161.en.
  6. IUCN (2016-10-01). Terpsiphone unirufa: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T103715865A118765398 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-3.rlts.t103715865a118765398.en.