| Sandbergia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Halimolobos perplexa (synonym of Sandbergia perplexa) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Brassicales |
| Family: | Brassicaceae |
| Genus: | Sandbergia Greene |
Sandbergia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. [1] They are also in the Boechereae Tribe. [2]
They are biennials or perennial plants. [3] [4] They have a caudex (plant stem) which is simple or branched and covered with persistent leaf remains. It is pubescent (covered in down or soft hairs) throughout. The trichomes (hair or bristles) have short stalks or are subsessile, cruciform (cross shaped), Y-shaped, or forked. The stems are erect or decumbent (having branches growing horizontally), unbranched or branched distally. The leaves are basal (at the base) or cauline (on the stem). [3] They are petiolate (with a stalk) or sessile (stalkless). [4] The basal leaves are usually rosulate (arranged in rosettes), petiolate, with the blade margins entire, dentate (toothed), or lyrate-pinnatifid (lyre shaped or pinnately divided) with the apex obtuse to acute (pointed). The cauline leaves are sessile, with the blade (base attenuate (narrowing gradually) and not auriculate (ear shaped), the margins are entire (smooth), subentire, dentate, or pinnatifid. [3] The racemes are ebracteate (lacking bracts), [4] and corymbose (having branches arising at different points but reaching about the same height, giving the flower cluster, a flat-topped appearance) and several-flowered. They are considerably elongated when in fruit. The fruiting pedicels (flower stalks) are ascending to subdivaricate, straight, slender and terete (circular in cross-section). The flowers have erect sepals which are oblong (shaped). It has white petals, [3] which can have a pink tinge or veining, [4] which are oblanceolate-spatulate (spoon shaped) and longer than sepals. The claw (long flower portion beside the stem) is obscurely differentiated from blade with a rounded apex. The stamens are slightly tetradynamous (having six stamens, of which four are longer than the others). The filaments (stamen stalks) are not dilated basally and slender in form. The anthers are ovate or oblong (in shape) with an obtuse apex. The nectar glands are confluent (flowing together or merging) and subtending (situated below) the bases of the stamens. The fruits (or seed capsules) are subsessile or shortly stipitate (stalked). The gynophore (stalk supporting the gynoecium) is less than 1 mm long, linear, [3] slightly to strongly torulose (swollen and constricted at intervals), [4] subterete to strongly latiseptate (having broad partitions). The valves (portion that fragments or splits open) are each without midvein or with obscure one on proximal 1/2. They are sparsely to densely pubescent or glabrescent (having fading surface ornamentation). The replum (framework-like placenta to which the seeds attach) is rounded and the septum (partition wall) is complete. It has 12-30 ovules (unfertilised seeds) per ovary. The style is obsolete or distinct (separate). The stigma is capitate (shaped like the head of a pin). The seeds are uniseriate (arranged in a single row or series), plump, not winged and oblong shaped. The seed coat is minutely reticulate (having a network of veining), not mucilaginous (having a viscous or gelatinous consistency) when damp. The cotyledons (young seed leaves) are incumbent (folded over). [3]
It has a chromosome count of x = 7. [3]
The genus name of Sandbergia is in honour of John Herman Sandberg (1848–1917), a Swedish-born American doctor, botanist and agronomist, [4] [5] who collected many plants in the Pacific northwest of America. [3] It was first described and published in Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. Vol.2 on page 136 in 1911. [1] [3]
The genus is recognized by the United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service, but they do not list any known species. [6]
As accepted by Plants of the World Online; [1]
It is native range is western Canada (within British Columbia) and north-western U.S.A (within Idaho, Montana, Washington). [1]
Sandbergia perplexa is found on sparsely vegetated, gravelly slopes of steppes, mountain woodlands, or pine covered woodlands in the montane zone. [8] [7]
While, Sandbergia whitedii is found on dry scabland (rocky land with little or no soil cover), gravelly hillsides, dry sandy slopes, alpine meadows, cliffs and on ridge crests. It grows at altitudes of 500–1,200 metres (1,600–3,900 ft) above sea level. [10]
Brassicaceae or Cruciferae is a medium-sized and economically important family of flowering plants commonly known as the mustards, the crucifers, or the cabbage family. Most are herbaceous plants, while some are shrubs. The leaves are simple, lack stipules, and appear alternately on stems or in rosettes. The inflorescences are terminal and lack bracts. The flowers have four free sepals, four free alternating petals, two shorter free stamens and four longer free stamens. The fruit has seeds in rows, divided by a thin wall.
Adonis is a genus of about 20–30 species of flowering plants of the crowfoot family, Ranunculaceae, native to Europe and Asia.
Cardamine is a large genus of flowering plants in the mustard family, Brassicaceae, known as bittercresses and toothworts. It contains more than 200 species of annuals and perennials. Species in this genus can be found worldwide, except the Antarctic, in diverse habitats. The name Cardamine is derived from the Greek kardaminē, water cress, from kardamon, pepper grass.
Plants belonging to the genus Pachypodium vary widely from each other in some aspects, but also share a number of basic common traits. Each species is adapted to the specific environment which it inhabits, but all species of the genus share certain anatomical and metabolic traits, reflecting their common evolutionary ancestry.
Pachypodium bicolor is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae.
Arabis, or rockcress, is a genus of flowering plants, within the family Brassicaceae.
Pachypodium brevicaule is a species of plant that belongs to the family Apocynaceae.
Cardamine hirsuta, commonly called hairy bittercress, is an annual or biennial species of plant in the family Brassicaceae, and is edible as a salad green. It is common in moist areas around the world.
Sinapis arvensis, the charlock mustard, field mustard, wild mustard, or charlock, is an annual or winter annual plant of the genus Sinapis in the family Brassicaceae. It is found in the fields of North Africa, Asia and Europe. Pieris rapae, the small white butterfly, and Pieris napi, the green veined white butterfly are significant consumers of charlock during their larval stages.
Parkia javanica Lam., syn. Parkia roxburghii G. Don. is a plant of the genus Parkia in the family Mimosaceae. Description-
Goldbachia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae.
Lepidium heterophyllum,, is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family which is native to parts of western Europe, growing in shingle banks, wasteland or cultivated fields.
Lepidium coronopus,, is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family which is native to parts of Africa, western Asia and Europe, growing in shingle banks, wasteland or cultivated fields.
Weberbauera is a genus of flowering plants in the crucifer family Brassicaceae, native to the central Andes; Peru, Chile, Bolivia, and Argentina.
Chilocardamum is a small genus of four herbaceous cress-like species of plants in the family Brassicaceae, only found growing in Patagonia, southern Argentina.
Polypsecadium is a genus of large herbaceous species of plants in the family Brassicaceae, found growing in South America. Most of the species were formerly classified in the genus Sisymbrium.
Hedinia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It only contains one known species, Hedinia tibetica.
Hewittia malabarica is a flowering plant in the monotypic genus HewittiaWight & Arn., belonging to the family Convolvulaceae and widespread throughout tropical Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. It is a climbing or prostrate perennial herb with slender stems and flowers that are pale yellow, cream, or white with a purple center, and large leaves that can be used as a cooked vegetable or used in folk medicine with the roots. The stems can be used to make ropes.
Parlatoria is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It just contains one species, Parlatoria cakiloideaBoiss.
Resia is a genus of plants in the family Gesneriaceae. They are also in the Beslerieae tribe.