Sandokanidae

Sandokanidae
Gnomulus sp.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Opiliones
Superfamily:	Phalangodoidea
Family:	Sandokanidae Özdikmen & Kury, 2007
Genera
See text for list.
Diversity
5 genera, > 60 species

Drawing of female Oncopus truncatus Thorrell

Sandokanidae is a family of harvestmen in the suborder Laniatores, formerly referred to as Oncopodidae (the name was replaced because of the secondary homonymy of the type genus Oncopus, replaced by Sandokan; this made the change of family name mandatory) ^[1]

Name

The name of the type genus is based on the name of a fictional Bornean prince-pirate. ^[1]

Description

Sandokanidae range in body size from about 2–11 mm. Their legs are relatively short and stout. Most species are amber colored with some dark brown patterns. A few undescribed Gnomulus species are orange. ^[2]

Distribution

This family is known from Southeast Asia from Indonesia, almost reaching New Guinea on Waigeo, up north into the Himalayan region. ^[2]

Relationships

Sandokanidae are probably the sister group to all other Grassatores. ^[2]

Species

• Biantoncopus Martens & Schwendinger, 1998

• Biantoncopus fuscus Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — Leyte (Philippines)

• Caenoncopus Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — Sumatra

• Caenoncopus affinis Martens & Schwendinger, 1998
• Caenoncopus cuspidatus (Schwendinger, 1992)
• Caenoncopus tenuis Martens & Schwendinger, 1998

• Gnomulus Thorell, 1890

• Gnomulus aborensis (Roewer, 1913) — Arunachal Pradesh (northeast India)
• Gnomulus annulipes (Pocock, 1897) — Sarawak (Borneo)
• Gnomulus armillatus (Thorell, 1891) — Sumatra
• Gnomulus asli Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — West Malaysia
• Gnomulus baharu Schwendinger, in Martens & Schwendinger 1998
• Gnomulus carinatus Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Kalimantan (Indonesia)
• Gnomulus claviger Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Luzon (Philippines)
• Gnomulus coniceps Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — Luzon
• Gnomulus conigerus (Schwendinger, 1992) — Sabah (Malaysia)
• Gnomulus crassipes Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Luzon
• Gnomulus crucifer Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — Luzon
• Gnomulus drescoi (Silhavy, 1962) — Sumatra
• Gnomulus exsudans Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Sabah
• Gnomulus goodnighti (Suzuki, 1977) — Mindanao (Philippines)
• Gnomulus hamatus Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Luzon
• Gnomulus hirsutus Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — West Malaysia
• Gnomulus hutan Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Sarawak
• Gnomulus hyatti (Martens, 1977) — Nepal
• Gnomulus imadatei (Suzuki, 1970) — Brunei
• Gnomulus insularis (Roewer, 1927) — Penang? (Malaysia)
• Gnomulus javanicus Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Java
• Gnomulus laevis (Roewer, 1915) — Borneo
• Gnomulus lannaianus (Schwendinger, 1992) — Thailand
• Gnomulus laruticus Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — West Malaysia
• Gnomulus latoperculum Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Sulawesi
• Gnomulus leofeae Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Burma
• Gnomulus leyteensis Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — Leyte
• Gnomulus lomani Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Borneo, Sumatra?
• Gnomulus maculatus Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — Luzon
• Gnomulus marginatus Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Thailand
• Gnomulus matabesar Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Halmahera (Indonesia)
• Gnomulus minor N. Tsurusaki, 1990 — Philippines
• Gnomulus monticola Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — West Malaysia
• Gnomulus obscurus Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Sarawak
• Gnomulus palawanensis (S. Suzuki, 1982) — Palawan (Philippines)
• Gnomulus piliger (Pocock, 1903) — Thailand
• Gnomulus pilosus Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — West Malaysia
• Gnomulus pulvillatus (Pocock, 1903) — West Malaysia
• Gnomulus rostratoideus Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — West Malaysia, Singapore
• Gnomulus rostratus Thorell, 1890 — Penang
• Gnomulus ryssie Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Thailand
• Gnomulus sinensis Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Sichuan (China)
• Gnomulus spiniceps Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Vietnam
• Gnomulus sumatranus Thorell, 1891 — Sumatra
• Gnomulus sundaicus (Schwendinger, 1992) — Sarawak
• Gnomulus thorelli (Sørensen, 1932) — Java
• Gnomulus tuberculatus Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Sumatra
• Gnomulus tumidifrons Schwendinger & Martens, 2002 — Halmahera

• SandokanÖzdikmen & Kury, 2007 ^[1]

• Sandokan doriae Thorell, 1876 — Sarawak
• Sandokan expatriatus (Schwendinger & Martens, 2004) — Thailand?
• Sandokan feae Thorell, 1890 — Penang
• Sandokan hosei Pocock, 1897 — Sarawak
• Sandokan lingga (Schwendinger & Martens, 2004) — Lingga Islands (Indonesia)
• Sandokan malayanus (Schwendinger & Martens, 2004) — West Malaysia
• Sandokan megachelis (Schwendinger, 1992) — Sabah
• Sandokan tiomanensis (Schwendinger & Martens, 2004) — Tioman Island (Malaysia)
• Sandokan truncatus Thorell, 1891 — Singapore

• Palaeoncopus Martens & Schwendinger, 1998 — Sumatra

• Palaeoncopus gunung Martens & Schwendinger, 1998
• Palaeoncopus katik Martens & Schwendinger, 1998
• Palaeoncopus kerdil Martens & Schwendinger, 1998

References

1. Özdikmen, Hüseyin; Kury, Adriano Brilhante (2007). "Replacement Names for Oncopus and Oncopodidae (Arachnida, Opiliones)". Journal of Arachnology. 35 (2): 407–408. doi:10.1636/h05-46.1. S2CID   86046606.
2. Schwendinger, Peter (2007): Oncopodidae. Kury & Pérez G., 2002. In: Pinto-da-Rocha et al. 2007: 211ff

• Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog: Oncopodidae