Scorpaeninae

Scorpaeninae Temporal range: Middle Eocene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Weedy scorpionfish Rhinopias frondosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Perciformes
Family:	Scorpaenidae
Subfamily:	Scorpaeninae Risso, 1827 [1]
Tribes and genera
see text

Scorpaeninae is a subfamily of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae in the order Perciformes, it includes the scorpionfishes. ^[2] They bear venomous spines in the anal, dorsal and pelvic fins which can cause severe pain in envenomated humans. The subfamily is distributed in the tropical and temperate seas around the world. ^[3]

Genera

The following genera are placed in this subfamily: ^[4]

• Subfamily ScorpaeninaeRisso, 1826
  • Hipposcorpaena Fowler, 1938
  • Hoplosebastes Schmidt, 1929
  • Idiastion Eschmeyer, 1965
  • Iracundus Jordan & Evermann, 1903
  • Neomerinthe Fowler, 1935
  • Neoscorpaena Mandrytsa, 2001
  • Parascorpaena Bleeker, 1876
  • Phenacoscorpius Fowler, 1938
  • Pogonoscorpius Regan, 1908
  • Pontinus Poey 1860
  • Pteroidichthys Bleeker, 1856
  • Rhinopias Gill, 1905
  • Scorpaena Linnaeus, 1758
  • Scorpaenodes Bleeker, 1857
  • Scorpaenopsis Heckel 1837
  • Sebastapistes Gill, 1877
  • Taenianotus Lacépède, 1802
  • Thysanichthys Jordan & Starks, 1904
  • Ursinoscorpaenopsis Nakabo & Yamada, 1996

Fossil otoliths of scorpaenines date back to the middle Eocene. ^[5]

References

1. Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1 . PMID   25543675.
2. Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION". California Academy of Sciences.
3. Smith, W. Leo; Everman, Elizabeth; Richardson, Clara (2018). "Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber". Copeia. 106 (1): 94–119. doi:10.1643/CG-17-669. ISSN   0045-8511.
4. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Scorpaeninae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 7 August 2025.
5. Schwarzhans, Werner (2007-07-27). "The otoliths from the middle Eocene of Osteroden near Bramsche, north-western Germany". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen: 299–369. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0244-0299.