Sebastian H. Mernild | |
---|---|
Pro-Vice-Chancellor of the University of Southern Denmark | |
Assumed office October 2020 | |
Chancellor | Henrik Dam |
Preceded by | Bjarne Graabech Sørensen |
Director (Program Chair) of Climate Centre of the University of Southern Denmark | |
Assumed office 2021 | |
Director of the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center (NERSC) | |
In office December 2016 –October 2020 | |
Succeeded by | Tore Furevik |
Vice President of the International Commission on Snow and Ice Hydrology (under IAHS) | |
In office 1 June 2015 –31 May 2019 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Frederiksberg,Denmark | 20 October 1972
Spouse | Birgitte Therkildsen |
Children | 2 |
Residence(s) | Odense,Denmark (current) Bergen,Norway (formerly) |
Alma mater | University of Copenhagen |
Awards | Rosenkjær Prize (2018) |
Website | https://mernild.com/ |
Military service | |
Allegiance | Denmark |
Branch/service | Royal Danish Army |
Years of service | 1995–2010 |
Rank | Captain (Artillery) |
Battles/wars | Kosovo &Afghan War |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Climate Change,Glaciology,Hydrology,Climatology |
Institutions | Geophysical Institute,University of Bergen,Western Norway University of Applied Sciences,New York University,Los Alamos National Laboratory,Hokkaido University,Center for Scientific Studies,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere,International Arctic Research Center |
Jacob Sebastian Haugaard Mernild (born 20 October 1972) is a Danish professor in climate change,glaciology and hydrology,who is the pro-vice-chancellor of the University of Southern Denmark. [1] Mernild has been an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) author for the United Nations since 2010. Initially a contributing author on the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report,he was lead author on the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. [2]
Mernild is one of the world's leading climate scientists in the fields of glaciology and hydrology,specializing in the impacts of climate change in the Arctic and on the cryosphere,especially the ice sheets (glacier mass balance) and water levels. He has contributed to a number of international scientific reports,including the annual Arctic Report Card from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Melting Snow and Ice:A Call for Action [3] report,which Vice President Al Gore presented at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen in 2015. [4] [5] [6]
Mernild has worked as a senior research scientist at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the International Arctic Research Center at the University of Alaska Fairbanks,United States,and as research director of the Climate Change and Glaciology Laboratory at the Center for Scientific Studies in Valdivia,Chile. He has on several occasions been a visiting professor at Colorado State University,University of Colorado Boulder,New York University,Hokkaido University,and Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology. [7]
In 2016,he became the managing director of the 'Nansen Center' (part of Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research) in Bergen,Norway,a renowned climate research centre in Europe. [8] [9] [10] [11] He was elected pro-vice-chancellor (Danish :Prorektor) of the University of Southern Denmark in 2020. [12]
Jacob Sebastian Haugaard Mernild was born in 1972 in Frederiksberg,Copenhagen,Denmark. He grew up in Hjallese,a suburb of Odense. [13] Mernild graduated from Sct. Knuds Gymnasium in 1993. He was admitted to the 'Teknikum' (College of Engineering),where he was to study engineering. Mernild soon dropped out,however,and instead became a captain in the Royal Danish Army,serving in Kosovo and the Afghan War. [5]
After serving in the Danish army,Mernild completed a Bachelor of Science degree in high-latitude climatology and glaciology from the Department of Geology of the University of Copenhagen in 1999. In 2001,he completed a Master of Science degree in mid-latitude climatology and hydrology,also from the University of Copenhagen. Mernild obtained a PhD degree in high-latitude climatology,glaciology,and hydrology,in 2006. In June 2016,Mernild successfully defended his doctoral thesis,Water balance from mountain glacier scale to ice sheet scale with focus on Mittvakkat Glacier,Southeast Greenland and the Greenland Ice Sheet [14] and thereby obtained a Doctor of Science degree from the Faculty of Science (University of Copenhagen). [15]
In between his PhD degree and D.Sc. degree,he worked at the International Arctic Research Center of the University of Alaska Fairbanks,until 2009. He then worked as a scientific researcher at the COSIM (Climate,Ocean and Sea Ice Modeling) Project of the Office of Science § Biological and Environmental Research,within the United States Department of Energy [16] and the Department of Computational Physics and Methods at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico,US until 2013,followed by three years as the research director of the Climate Change and Glaciology Laboratory at the Center for Scientific Studies in Valdivia,Chile until 2016. [12]
In 2004,and again between 2009 and 2010,he was a visiting professor at the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere at Colorado State University,and from 2007 to 2008 (and again in 2015),he was a visiting professor at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado Boulder. In 2008,he was a visiting professor at the Institute for Low Temperature Sciences at Hokkaido University,Japan. Between 2011 and 2012,he was a visiting professor at the Center for Atmospheric Ocean Science at New York University,whereafter he was a visiting professor at the Center for Sea Level Change at New York University Abu Dhabi,UAE. [15] [17]
In 2016,he became a full professor at the Faculty of Engineering and Science at the Western Norway University of Applied Sciences,Sogndal,but shortly afterwards he was appointed managing director of the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center (NERSC) in Bergen. [9] He was elected pro-vice-chancellor (Danish :Prorektor) of the University of Southern Denmark in 2020. [12] [18] He is also the director (Program Chair) of the newly established Climate Centre of the University of Southern Denmark. [19] Mernild is also partly a professor of climate change and glaciology at the Geophysical Institute of the University of Bergen in Norway. [20]
Mernild's scientific research focuses on local,regional and global climate modelling,using various atmospheric and terrestrial models and observations,with a particular focus on understanding and simulating climate change interactions related to snow,glacier ice mass-balance (for the Greenland Ice Sheet,Antarctic Ice Sheet,and mountain glaciers),and freshwater run-off (the water balance components) in the Arctic,Antarctic,Patagonia,and the Andes. [9]
Mernild has also conducted extensive field research in cold and high mountain regions,leading and participating in glaciological,snow,and hydrological research expeditions throughout the Arctic and Andes. [9]
Mernild's scientific research and findings on glaciers and climate change impacts on them,in particular,have received considerable attention in climate science forums,and the general public. [21] Mernild's studies of Greenlandic glaciers have received particular attention because they combine different disciplines and detailed observations and modelling tools,enabling Mernild to use the glaciers to understand similar patterns elsewhere in the Arctic and around the world. Mernild did so by examining factors ranging from snow composition,glacier area and volume changes to meltwater runoff from Greenland. [21]
In his doctoral thesis defence,Mernild correlated the analyses of the Greenland glacier with his studies of glacier,ice sheet and climate conditions in the northern North Atlantic region,to the ice sheet and to other glaciers and ice sheets on the globe. [21]
Mernild has been a member of a number of organizations and committees. List: [15] [17]
In 2018,he was awarded the Danish Broadcast Corporation's prestigious dissemination award,the Rosenkjær Prize,which since 1963 has been awarded to prominent scientists and cultural figures who have succeeded in communicating complex scientific topics. [22] [11]
In 2002,he won the University of Copenhagen's silver medal for his Price Dissertation on hydrology. [23]
Mernild is married to educational psychologist Birgitte Therkildsen,and together they have two children. [17]
Mernild has been an IPCC author for the United Nations since 2010. Initially a contributing author on the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report,he was most recently lead author on the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. [2]
Greenland is located between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada and northwest of Iceland. The territory comprises the island of Greenland—the largest island in the world—and more than a hundred other smaller islands. Greenland has a 1.2 kilometre long border with Canada on Hans Island. A sparse population is confined to small settlements along certain sectors of the coast. Greenland possesses the world's second-largest ice sheet.
The cryosphere is an all-encompassing term for the portions of Earth's surface where water is in solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground. Thus, there is a wide overlap with the hydrosphere. The cryosphere is an integral part of the global climate system with important linkages and feedbacks generated through its influence on surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric and oceanic circulation.
An ice shelf is a large floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice sheet flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface. Ice shelves are only found in Antarctica, Greenland, Northern Canada, and the Russian Arctic. The boundary between the floating ice shelf and the anchor ice that feeds it is the grounding line. The thickness of ice shelves can range from about 100 m (330 ft) to 1,000 m (3,300 ft).
The Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center (BPCRC) is a polar, alpine, and climate research center at The Ohio State University founded in 1960.
In glaciology, an ice cap is a mass of ice that covers less than 50,000 km2 (19,000 sq mi) of land area. Larger ice masses covering more than 50,000 km2 (19,000 sq mi) are termed ice sheets.
The Greenland ice sheet is a vast body of ice covering 1,710,000 square kilometres (660,000 sq mi), roughly near 80% of the surface of Greenland. It is sometimes referred to as an ice cap, or under the term inland ice, or its Danish equivalent, indlandsis. The acronym GIS is frequently used in the scientific literature.
The Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) was a research project organized through the European Science Foundation (ESF). The project ran from 1989 to 1995, with drilling seasons from 1990 to 1992. In 1988, the project was accepted as an ESF-associated program, and the fieldwork was started in Greenland in the summer of 1989.
Ice algae are any of the various types of algal communities found in annual and multi-year sea, and terrestrial lake ice or glacier ice.
Jakobshavn Glacier, also known as Ilulissat Glacier, is a large outlet glacier in West Greenland. It is located near the Greenlandic town of Ilulissat and ends at the sea in the Ilulissat Icefjord.
Glacier morphology, or the form a glacier takes, is influenced by temperature, precipitation, topography, and other factors. The goal of glacial morphology is to gain a better understanding of glaciated landscapes and the way they are shaped. Types of glaciers can range from massive ice sheets, such as the Greenland ice sheet, to small cirque glaciers found perched on mountain tops. Glaciers can be grouped into two main categories:
Camp Century was an Arctic United States military scientific research base in Greenland. situated 240 km (150 mi) east of Pituffik Space Base. When built, Camp Century was publicized as a demonstration for affordable ice-cap military outposts and a base for scientific research.
The Agassiz Ice Cap formerly Agassiz Glacier is an ice cap on the central eastern side of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. The Agassiz ice cap is about 21,000 km2 (8,100 sq mi) in area. It is located between the North Ellesmere ice field to the north and the Prince of Wales Icefield to the south.
In climate science, a tipping point is a critical threshold that, when crossed, leads to large, accelerating and often irreversible changes in the climate system. If tipping points are crossed, they are likely to have severe impacts on human society and may accelerate global warming.
Greenland's climate is a tundra climate on and near the coasts and an ice cap climate in inland areas. It typically has short, cool summers and long, moderately cold winters.
Ice–albedo feedback is a positive feedback climate process where a change in the area of ice caps, glaciers, and sea ice alters the albedo and surface temperature of a planet. Ice is very reflective, therefore it reflects far more solar energy back to space than the other types of land area or open water. Ice–albedo feedback plays an important role in global climate change. For instance, at higher latitudes, warmer temperatures melt the ice sheets. However, if warm temperatures decrease the ice cover and the area is replaced by water or land, the albedo would decrease. This increases the amount of solar energy absorbed, leading to more warming. The change in albedo acts to reinforce the initial alteration in ice area leading to more warming. Warming tends to decrease ice cover and hence decrease the albedo, increasing the amount of solar energy absorbed and leading to more warming. In the geologically recent past, the ice–albedo positive feedback has played a major role in the advances and retreats of the Pleistocene ice sheets. Inversely, cooler temperatures increase ice, which increases albedo, leading to more cooling.
Frank Jean-Marie Léon Pattyn is a Belgian glaciologist and professor at the Université libre de Bruxelles. He is best known for developing ice-sheet models and leading model intercomparisons.
Guðfinna 'Tollý' Aðalgeirsdóttir is professor in Geophysics at the Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland.
Twila Moon is a scientist at the National Snow and Ice Data Center known for her work on the Greenland ice sheet.
Ruth Mottram is a British climate scientist who is a researcher at the Danish Meteorological Institute. Her research considers the development of climate models and the dynamics of glaciers and ice sheets in the climate system.