Semaq Beri people

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Semaq Beri people
Semaq Bri / Semoq Beri
Total population
2,400 [1] (2014)
Regions with significant populations
Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia (Pahang and Terengganu)
Languages
Semaq Beri language, Malay language
Religion
Animism (predominantly), Islam, Christianity
Related ethnic groups
Semelai people, Mah Meri people, Temoq people

Semaq Beri or Semoq Beri people are the native Orang Asli people belonging to the Senoi branch, [2] who live in the states of Pahang and Terengganu in peninsular Malaysia. The Semaq Beri language is a language spoken by the people, is an Austroasiatic language that belongs to the Southern grouping of the branch of Aslian languages. [3]

Contents

Population

The dynamics of the Semaq Beri population are as the following:

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1960 [4] 1,230—    
1965 [4] 1,418+15.3%
1969 [4] 1,406−0.8%
1974 [4] 1,699+20.8%
YearPop.±%
1980 [4] 1,746+2.8%
1993 [5] 2,488+42.5%
1996 [4] 2,488+0.0%
2000 [6] 2,348−5.6%
YearPop.±%
2003 [6] 3,545+51.0%
2004 [7] 3,345−5.6%
2010 [8] 3,413+2.0%
2014 [1] 2,400−29.7%

Religion

The religious system of the Semaq Beri people is similar to other surrounding Orang Asli groups. They believe that human acts such as teasing or laughing at animals such as monkeys, dogs, cats, land leeches, porcupines, two kinds or birds and three kinds of snakes, and including incest that extends to certain relatives are strictly prohibited and are also considered as talon. By committing talan, the Semoq Beri believe that it will cause a cosmic disaster where the earth will be swallowed by massive waters crashing from heaven and welling up from under the ground. [9] Lately, there are numbers of Semaq Beri communities that have been Islamised through various programmes by government efforts. [10]

Lifestyle

There are those among the Semaq Beri people that are nomadic practices hunter-gathering for a living, [11] while there are those that are semi-nomadic practices some farming with shifting cultivation, [12] and those that are settled primarily relies on farming. [9] Generally women would do much of the gathering while the men would do the hunting, unless women that are not pregnant or nursing a child would also participate in the hunting. While generally mothers spend more time with their children, there is almost no distinguishing in the role of fathers and mothers in society when it comes to holding and caring for the child. [13] Apart from hunting and gathering, the Semaq Beri people also relies on logging roads for access to sell rattan. [14]

Related Research Articles

Semang Indigenous ethnic group in Malaysia and Thailand

The Semang are a Negrito ethnic group of the Malay Peninsula. They are found in Perak, Pahang, Kelantan and Kedah of Malaysia and the southern provinces of Thailand.

Orang Asli

Orang Asli are the heterogeneous indigenous population that forms as a national minority and also the oldest inhabitants of Peninsular Malaysia.

Jakun people

Jakun people or Orang Ulu / Orang Hulu are an ethnic group recognised as Orang Asli of the Malay Peninsula in Malaysia.

Aslian languages Subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family

The Aslian languages are the southernmost branch of Austroasiatic languages spoken on the Malay Peninsula. They are the languages of many of the Orang Asli, the aboriginal inhabitants of the peninsula. The total number of native speakers of Aslian languages is about fifty thousand and all are in danger of extinction. Aslian languages recognized by the Malaysian administration include Kensiu, Kintaq, Jahai, Minriq, Batek, Cheq Wong, Lanoh, Temiar, Semai, Jah Hut, Mah Meri, Semaq Beri, Semelai and Temoq.

Semai people

The Semai are a semi-sedentary ethnic group living in the center of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia, known especially for their nonviolence. They speak Semai, an Austroasiatic language closely related to Temiar, spoken by Temiars nearby. The Semai are bordered by the Temiars to the north and the Jah Hut to the South. The Semai belong to the Senoi group, and are one of the largest indigenous ethnic group in the Peninsula and the largest of the Senoi group. Most Semai subsist by cultivating grain crops, hunting, and fishing.

Batek people Group of Malaysian indigenous people

The Batek people are an indigenous Orang Asli people ; belonging to the Semang group, who live in the rainforest of peninsular Malaysia. As a result of encroachment, they now primarily inhabit the Taman Negara National Park. They are nomadic hunters and gatherers, so the exact location of their settlements change within the general confines of the area that they inhabit.

Mah Meri people

The Mah Meri are an ethnic group native to western part of Peninsular Malaysia. They are one of the 18 Orang Asli groups named by the Malaysian government. They are of the Senoi subgroup. Most of the members of the Mah Meri tribe live along the coast of South Selangor from Sungai Pelek up to Pulau Carey, although there is at least one Mah Meri Community on the other side of the Klang River.

The Duano' are an indigenous people of Malaysia and can be found in islands along the northeastern region of Sumatra, Indonesia where most Duano' people have traditionally lived. They are one of the Proto-Malay group of cultures. Due to their nomadic boat lifestyle, based almost exclusively on fishing and collecting shellfish and crustaceans by using mud-boards, Duano' people are often categorized as Orang Laut, a group that includes the Urak Lawoi’ people and Moken people of the northern region of the Malacca Strait and the Andaman Sea. Although there are similarities in their way of life, they are a separate ethnic group. Citing their own language, culture, identity, and economic complexities, they deny being Orang Laut.

Temuan people

The Temuan people are a Proto-Malay ethnic group indigenous to western parts of Peninsular Malaysia. They can be found in the states of Selangor, Pahang, Johor, Negeri Sembilan and Malacca. The Temuans are classified as part of Orang Asli group according to the Malaysian government. They are also one of the largest and the most widespread of the Orang Asli ethnic groups.

Senoi Ethnic group of Malaysia

The Senoi are a group of Malaysian peoples classified among the Orang Asli, the indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia. They are the most numerous of the Orang Asli and widely distributed across the peninsula. The Senois speak various branches of Aslian languages, which in turn form a branch of Austroasiatic languages. Many of them are also bilingual in the national language, the Malaysian language.

Orang Asal

The Orang Asal are the indigenous people of Malaysia. The term is Malay for "Original People", used to refer to the aboriginals of Sabah, Sarawak, and Peninsular Malaysia. These groups are given the Bumiputera status in Malaysia.

Temiar people

The Temiar are a Senoic group indigenous to the Malay peninsula and one of the largest of the eighteen Orang Asli groups of Malaysia. They reside mainly within Perak, Pahang and Kelantan states. The total ethnic population is estimated at around 32,000, most of which live on the fringes of the rainforest, while a small number have been urbanised.

Orang Kanaq are one of the 18 Orang Asli ethnic groups in Malaysia. They are classified under the Proto-Malay people group, which forms the three major people group of the Orang Asli. The Orang Kanaq are considered as the smallest Orang Asli group with the population of approximately 90 people only.

The Lanoh are a group classified as "Orang Asli" of the Semang branch by the government of Malaysia. They live in the Malay Peninsula and number around 390. They are also known as Sabub'n or Lano. However, the Lanoh community in Gerik and Lenggong, Perak would identify to themselves as Menik Semnam, a name that refers to the Lanoh people that lived at the Semnam River. Whereas the Malay community in Upper Perak would refer the Lanoh people as Sakai Jeram.

Orang Seletar

Orang Seletar are one of the 18 Orang Asli ethnic groups in Malaysia. They are classified under the Proto-Malay people group, which forms the three major people group of the Orang Asli. The Orang Seletar are also considered as part of the Orang Laut, natives of the Straits of Johor; separating Singapore from Peninsula Malaysia.

Jah Hut people Ethnic group of Malaysia

Jah Hut people are one of the Orang Asli tribes living in Pahang, Malaysia. As of 2000, the population of the Jah Hut people are 2,442 and by 2005, it is estimated that there are approximately 4,000 people living in 11 kampungs (villages) that are located along the west bank of the Pahang River from the north in Jerantut to the south in Temerloh, Pahang.

Semelai people Ethnic group of Malaysia

Semelai people are an Orang Asli people of the Proto-Malay people group found in Negeri Sembilan and Pahang states of Malaysia.

Temoq people belong to the Proto-Malay of the Orang Asli ethnic group that are found in Pahang, Malaysia.

Jahai people

The Jahai or Jehai people are an indigenous people of the Semang people group found in Perak and Kelantan, Malaysia and parts of Thailand. They have dark skin and afro-textured hair and are stockily built. They are hunter-gatherers and they occasionally practice swidden agriculture.

Cheq Wong people Group of indigenous people of Malaysia

Cheq Wong people are an indigenous Orang Asli people of the Senoi branch in Peninsular Malaysia. Although they have the physical appearances of the Senoi sub group, the Cheq Wong language that they speak however are closely related to the Northern Aslian languages.

References

  1. 1 2 Paul Sidwell & Mathias Jenny (2014). The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages (2 vols). BRILL. p. 475. ISBN   90-042-8357-9.
  2. ↑ Kyōto Daigaku. Tōnan Ajia Kenkyū Sentā (2001). Tuck-Po Lye (ed.). Orang asli of Peninsular Malaysia: a comprehensive and annotated bibliography. Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University. p. 220. ISBN   49-016-6800-5.
  3. ↑ Tom Güldemann; Patrick McConvell; Richard A. Rhodes, eds. (2001). The Language of Hunter-Gatherers. Cambridge University Press. p. 191. ISBN   11-070-0368-7.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nobuta Toshihiro (2009). "Living On The Periphery: Development and Islamization Among Orang Asli in Malaysia" (PDF). Center for Orang Asli Concerns. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  5. ↑ Colin Nicholas (2000). "The Orang Asli and the Contest for Resources. Indigenous Politics, Development and Identity in Peninsular Malaysia" (PDF). Center for Orang Asli Concerns & International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. p. 38. ISBN   87-90730-15-1 . Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  6. 1 2 "Basic Data / Statistics". Center for Orang Asli Concerns. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  7. ↑ Alberto Gomes (2004). Modernity and Malaysia: Settling the Menraq Forest Nomads. Routledge. ISBN   11-341-0076-0.
  8. ↑ Kirk Endicott (2015). Malaysia's Original People: Past, Present and Future of the Orang Asli. NUS Press. ISBN   99-716-9861-7.
  9. 1 2 Malaya. Museums Department, Malaysia. Jabatan Muzium (1971). Federation Museums Journal, Volumes 16-23. Museums Department, States of Malaya. p. 6.
  10. ↑ "Kumpulan anak Orang Asli jayakan dakwah melalui teater". Utusan. 22 January 2015. Retrieved 2017-04-11.
  11. ↑ "Hunter gathers of Maylay". The New York Times. January 22, 2018. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  12. ↑ A. Zainal; S.M. Radzi; R. Hashim; C.T. Chik; R. Abu (2012). Current Issues in Hospitality and Tourism: Research and Innovations. CRC Press. p. 391. ISBN   04-156-2133-X.
  13. ↑ "Primitive communism: life before class and oppression". Socialist Worker. 28 May 2013. Retrieved 2014-09-17.
  14. ↑ Tomoya Akimichi, ed. (1996). Coastal foragers in transition. National Museum of Ethnology. p. 149. ISSN   0387-6004.


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