Lanoh people

Last updated
Lanoh people
Lano / Sabub'n / Menik Semnam / Orang Lanoh / Sakai Jeram
Total population
390 (2010) [1]
Regions with significant populations
Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia (Perak)
Languages
Lanoh (Semnam, Sabüm), Malay
Religion
Traditional religion
Related ethnic groups
Semang (Batek people, Jahai people), Negritos (Maniq people, Philippine Negritos, Andamanese)

The Lanoh are a group classified as "Orang Asli" ("original people") of the Semang branch by the government of Malaysia. They live in the Malay Peninsula and number around 390. [1] They are also known as Sabub'n or Lano. However, the Lanoh community in Gerik and Lenggong, Perak would identify to themselves as Menik Semnam (meaning "Semnam people" or "Orang Semnam" in Malay language), a name that refers to the Lanoh people that lived at the Semnam River. Whereas the Malay community in Upper Perak would refer the Lanoh people as Sakai Jeram. [2]

Contents

Demography

Al present, there 390 Lanoh people living in Malaysia. The majority of Lanoh live in the jungle as hunter-gatherer, but other Lanoh reside in urban areas where they are engaged in employment, largely on tapping rubber [3] and oil palm estates. [4] During the British Malaya, the Lanoh people were also regularly employed by British administrative officers as jungle rangers and porters, which suits to the lifestyle of the Lanoh people living in the jungle. [3] Traditionally, the Lanoh people boil ketum roots and drink it to treat diabetes, and boiling Ataulfo (mango) roots to reduce high-blood pressure. [5]

The population dynamics of the Lanoh people are as the following:-

Year1960 [6] 1965 [6] 1969 [6] 1974 [6] 1980 [6] 1993 [7] 1996 [6] 2000 [8] 2003 [8] 2004 [9] 2010 [1]
Population142142264302224359359173350350390

Culture

The Lanoh were once nomadic; a lifestyle that carried into open marriage practices where one man would marry a woman and have children, and then move on to another place and marry another woman and have children and continues to do so as they move from place to place. [10] Lanoh women are also known to practice polyandry, a practice that is not much known to other Semang groups. [11] But many of them now live in permanent villages in the Hulu Perak district of Perak State, near the Kelantan borders. [12]

Following European contact, the Lanoh were hunter-gatherers using caves, many within the state of Perak, as shelters during hunting trips. Approximately 100 years ago, they made charcoal drawings [13] on the walls of caves. [14]

The Lanoh believe that all living things, both plants and animals have their own spirit to a point where certain of these animals are considered poisonous and inedible, fearing of its negative effect. [15] They believe people should be linked symbiotically with the other animals and plants. The belief in the spirits of living beings to make them afraid of the spirits of dead people (especially their ancestors) and of the spirits of the game animals. [16]

In fact, there is a custom that is an unwritten law in the village that all animals that are caught in the jungle should not suffer any pain. [16] The Lanoh and Temiar people utilize animals for dietary, medicine and for folktales. [15]

See also

Related Research Articles

Semang Indigenous ethnic group in Malaysia and Thailand

The Semang are an ethnic-minority group of the Malay Peninsula. They live in mountainous and isolated forest regions of Perak, Pahang, Kelantan and Kedah of Malaysia and the southern provinces of Thailand. The Semang are among the different ethnic groups of Southeast Asia who, based on their dark skin and other perceived physical similarities, are sometimes referred to by the term Negrito.

Orang Asli Indigenous ethnic groups of Malaysia

Orang Asli are a heterogeneous indigenous population forming a national minority in Malaysia. They are the oldest inhabitants of Peninsular Malaysia.

Jakun people Group of indigenous people of Malaysia

Jakun people or Orang Ulu / Orang Hulu are an ethnic group recognised as Orang Asli of the Malay Peninsula in Malaysia.

Aslian languages Subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family

The Aslian languages are the southernmost branch of Austroasiatic languages spoken on the Malay Peninsula. They are the languages of many of the Orang Asli, the aboriginal inhabitants of the peninsula. The total number of native speakers of Aslian languages is about fifty thousand and all are in danger of extinction. Aslian languages recognized by the Malaysian administration include Kensiu, Kintaq, Jahai, Minriq, Batek, Cheq Wong, Lanoh, Temiar, Semai, Jah Hut, Mah Meri, Semaq Beri, Semelai and Temoq.

Semai people Ethnic group of Malay Peninsula

The Semai are a semi-sedentary ethnic group living in the center of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia, known especially for their nonviolence. They speak Semai, an Austroasiatic language closely related to Temiar, spoken by Temiars nearby. The Semai are bordered by the Temiars to the north and the Jah Hut to the South. The Semai belong to the Senoi group, and are one of the largest indigenous ethnic group in the Peninsula and the largest of the Senoi group. Most Semai subsist by cultivating grain crops, hunting, and fishing.

Batek people Group of Malaysian indigenous people

The Batek people are an indigenous Orang Asli people ; belonging to the Semang group, who live in the rainforest of peninsular Malaysia. As a result of encroachment, they now primarily inhabit the Taman Negara National Park. The Batek are nomadic hunters and gatherers, so the exact location of their settlements change within the general confines of the area that they inhabit.

Lenggong Town in Perak, Malaysia

Lenggong is a town, a mukim and a parliamentary constituency in Hulu Perak District, Perak, Malaysia. The Lenggong valley in Hulu Perak is one of Peninsular Malaysia's most important areas for archaeology, as excavations have revealed many traces of Malaysia's prehistory. It is the site of the oldest known place of human activity in the Peninsula. Today it is still a rural area, with small kampongs surrounded by green vegetation and limestone hills. Lenggong can be likened to an open-air museum, and is home to legends, skeletons, cave drawings and precious finds such as jewellery, pottery, weapons and stone tools. Many of the caves in the Lenggong area have revealed evidence of ancient humans having lived and hunted in this area. The Lenggong Valley was listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage site on 30 June 2012.

Proto-Malay Indigenous ethnic group of the Malay Archipelago

The term Proto-Malay, which translates to Melayu Asli or Melayu Purba or Melayu Tua, refers to Austronesian speakers, possibly from mainland Asia, who moved to the Malay peninsula and Malay archipelago in a long series of migrations between 2500 and 1500 BC, and in one model the first of two migrations of early Malay speakers, before that of the Deutero-Malays. The Proto-Malays are the ancestors of the Malays in the modern Malaysia and Indonesia.

The Maniq or Mani are an ethnic group of Thailand. They are more widely known in Thailand as the Sakai, a controversial derogatory term meaning 'slave' or 'barbarism'. They are the only Negrito group in Thailand and speak a variety of related Aslian languages, primarily Kensiu and Ten'edn. They have their own language, culture, and no alphabet.

Mah Meri people

The Mah Meri are an ethnic group native to western part of Peninsular Malaysia. They are one of the 18 Orang Asli groups named by the Malaysian government. They are of the Senoi subgroup. Most of the members of the Mah Meri tribe live along the coast of South Selangor from Sungai Pelek up to Pulau Carey, although there is at least one Mah Meri Community on the other side of the Klang River.

Semelai is an Austroasiatic language spoken in the Malay Peninsula. It belongs to the Southern branch of the Aslian language subgrouping. The Semelai reside predominantly around the Bera, Serting and associated river systems in the states of Pahang, Negeri Sembilan and Johor.

I. H. N. Evans

Ivor Hugh Norman Evans (1886–1957) was a British anthropologist, ethnographer and archaeologist who spent most of his working life in peninsular British Malaya and in North Borneo.

The Duano' are an indigenous people of Malaysia and Indonesia and can be found in islands along the northeastern region of Sumatra, Indonesia where most Duano' people have traditionally lived. They are one of the Proto-Malay group of cultures. Due to their nomadic boat lifestyle, based almost exclusively on fishing and collecting shellfish and crustaceans by using mud-boards, Duano' people are often categorized as Orang Laut, a group that includes the Urak Lawoi’ people and Moken people of the northern region of the Malacca Strait and the Andaman Sea. Although there are similarities in their way of life, they are a separate ethnic group. Citing their own language, culture, identity, and economic complexities, they deny being Orang Laut.

Temuan people

The Temuan people are a Proto-Malay ethnic group indigenous to western parts of Peninsular Malaysia. They can be found in the states of Selangor, Pahang, Johor, Negeri Sembilan and Malacca. The Temuans are classified as part of Orang Asli group according to the Malaysian government. They are also one of the largest and the most widespread of the Orang Asli ethnic groups.

Senoi Indigenous ethnic group of Malaysia

The Senoi are a group of Malaysian peoples classified among the Orang Asli, the indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia. They are the most numerous of the Orang Asli and widely distributed across the peninsula. The Senois speak various branches of Aslian languages, which in turn form a branch of Austroasiatic languages. Many of them are also bilingual in the national language, the Malaysian language.

Orang Asal Indigenous people of Malaysia

The Orang Asal are the indigenous people of Malaysia. The term is Malay for "Original People", used to refer to the aboriginals of Sabah, Sarawak, and Peninsular Malaysia. These groups are given the Bumiputera status in Malaysia.

Orang Kanaq are one of the 18 Orang Asli ethnic groups in Malaysia. They are classified under the Proto-Malay people group, which forms the three major people group of the Orang Asli. The Orang Kanaq are considered as the smallest Orang Asli group with the population of approximately 90 people only.

Orang Seletar

Orang Seletar are one of the 18 Orang Asli ethnic groups in Malaysia. They are classified under the Proto-Malay people group, which forms the three major people group of the Orang Asli. The Orang Seletar are also considered as part of the Orang Laut, natives of the Straits of Johor; separating Singapore from Peninsula Malaysia.

Jah Hut people Ethnic group of Malaysia

Jah Hut people are one of the Orang Asli tribes living in Pahang, Malaysia. As of 2000, the population of the Jah Hut people are 2,442 and by 2005, it is estimated that there are approximately 4,000 people living in 11 kampungs (villages) that are located along the west bank of the Pahang River from the north in Jerantut to the south in Temerloh, Pahang.

Jahai people Indigenous people of the Siamo-Malay Peninsula

The Jahai or Jehai people are an indigenous people of the Semang people group found in Perak and Kelantan, Malaysia and parts of Thailand. They have dark skin, often curly-hair and Asiatic facial characteristics, and are stockily built. They are hunter-gatherers and they occasionally practice swidden agriculture.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Kirk Endicott (2015). Malaysia's Original People: Past, Present and Future of the Orang Asli. NUS Press. p. 2. ISBN   978-99-716-9861-4.
  2. ↑ Hamid Mohd Isa (2015). The Last Descendants of The Lanoh Hunter and Gatherers in Malaysia. Penerbit USM. ISBN   978-98-386-1948-6.
  3. 1 2 Csilla Dallos (2011). From Equality to Inequality: Social Change Among Newly Sedentary Lanoh Hunter-Gatherer Traders of Peninsular Malaysia. University of Toronto Press. ISBN   978-144-2661-71-4.
  4. ↑ Main Rindam & Fatan Hamamah Yahaya (2014). "Analisis SWOT(C) prospek pembangunan ekotourism di petempatan Orang Asli Lanoh, Perak" (PDF). Geografia: Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. GEOGRAFIA Online Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. ISSN   2180-2491 . Retrieved 2016-11-11.
  5. ↑ K Pragalath (15 July 2013). "Don't take away our bank, supermarket". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 2016-11-11.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nobuta Toshihiro (2009). "Living On The Periphery: Development and Islamization Among Orang Asli in Malaysia" (PDF). Center for Orang Asli Concerns. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  7. ↑ Colin Nicholas (2000). The Orang Asli and the Contest for Resources. Indigenous Politics, Development and Identity in Peninsular Malaysia (PDF). Center for Orang Asli Concerns & International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. ISBN   978-87-90730-15-4 . Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  8. 1 2 "Basic Data / Statistics". Center for Orang Asli Concerns. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
  9. ↑ Alberto Gomes (2004). Modernity and Malaysia: Settling the Menraq Forest Nomads. Routledge. ISBN   978-11-341-0076-7.
  10. ↑ Joám Evans Pim, ed. (2010). "Nonkilling Societies" (PDF). Center for Global Nonkilling. p. 142. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
  11. ↑ Kathrine E. Starkweather (30 July 2010). "Exploration into Human Polyandry: An Evolutionary Examination of the Non-Classical Cases". University of Nebraska - Lincoln. pp. 67–68. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
  12. ↑ Salma Nasution Khoo & Abdur-Razzaq Lubis (2005). Negritos of Malaya. Areca Books. ISBN   983-4211-30-9.
  13. ↑ Ivor H Evan (2012). The Last Descendants of The Lanoh Hunter and Gatherers in Malaysia. Routledge. ISBN   978-113-6262-15-9.
  14. ↑ Hamid Mohd Isa (2015). The Last Descendants of The Lanoh Hunter and Gatherers in Malaysia. Penerbit USM. ISBN   978-983-8619-48-6.
  15. 1 2 Fatan Hamamah Yahaya (2015). "The Usage Of Animals In The Lives Of The Lanoh And Temiar Tribes Of Lenggong, Perak" (PDF). EDP Sciences. p. 4. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
  16. 1 2 Insight (1993). Malaysia. APA Publications. p. 86. ISBN   03-956-6237-0.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.