Seychelles magpie-robin

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Seychelles magpie-robin
Copsychus sechellarum -Seychelles-8.jpg
On the Seychelles
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Muscicapidae
Genus: Copsychus
Species:
C. sechellarum
Binomial name
Copsychus sechellarum
Newton, 1865 [2]

The Seychelles magpie-robin (Copsychus sechellarum) is a medium-sized endangered bird from the granitic Seychelles in the Indian Ocean.

This species of magpie-robin is approximately 25 cm (9.8 in) in length. With a body mass of 65 g (2.3 oz) in females and 76 g (2.7 oz) in males, this species may stand as the largest remnant species in the diverse Muscicapidae with the separation of larger birds such as cochoas to the thrush family. [3] It has a glossy coal-black plumage with a white-colored bar on each wing. It is considered a long-lived species, whose lifespan is over 15 years of age. Its habitat is woodlands, plantations and the vicinity of gardens. Their range on the island of Fregate was limited by the area of open ground with leaf litter. [4]

Historically, it is believed to have existed on most of the granitic Seychelles islands. Destruction of habitat and introduced predators (domestic cats and rats) greatly reduced its numbers. By 1970, it was on the brink of extinction, with only 16 individuals remaining, all on Frégate Island. Over the next two decades it had managed to stave off extinction, but its population in 1990 was still only 21 individuals. In 1990 BirdLife International began preservation efforts to save the Seychelles magpie-robin. Birds were transferred to Cousin in 1994 and to Cousine in 1995. [4] Further transfers followed to Aride Island in 2002 and Denis Island in 2008.

Today, there are established populations of Seychelles magpie-robins on all five islands. As of 2012, the total population was 244-248 birds (Frégate- 115), (Cousin- 38), (Cousine- 31), (Aride- 24), (Denis- 36-40) and the IUCN has downlisted its status from Critically Endangered to Endangered. [1] However, a recent genetic study reported extremely low genetic diversity across the islands, calling for continued genetic monitoring of the populations. [5]

It is printed over the latest 25 Seychelles rupee bank notes, a 2016 series of bank notes all about local birds.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Magpie-robin</span> Genus of birds

The magpie-robins or shamas are medium-sized insectivorous birds in the genus Copsychus. They were formerly in the thrush family Turdidae, but are now treated as part of the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. They are garden- and forest-dwelling species found in Africa and Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oriental magpie-robin</span> Species of bird

The Oriental magpie-robin is a small passerine bird that was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family Turdidae, but now considered an Old World flycatcher. They are distinctive black and white birds with a long tail that is held upright as they forage on the ground or perch conspicuously. Occurring across most of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Southeast Asia, they are common birds in urban gardens as well as forests. They are particularly well known for their songs and were once popular as cagebirds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aldabra giant tortoise</span> Species of tortoise

The Aldabra giant tortoise is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae. The species is endemic to the Seychelles, with the nominate subspecies, A. g. gigantea native to Aldabra atoll. It is one of the largest tortoises in the world. Historically, giant tortoises were found on many of the western Indian Ocean islands, as well as Madagascar, and the fossil record indicates giant tortoises once occurred on every continent and many islands with the exception of Australia and Antarctica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Don Merton</span>

Donald Vincent Merton was a New Zealand conservationist best known for saving the black robin from extinction. He also discovered the lek breeding system of the kākāpō.

Aride Island is the northernmost granitic island in the Seychelles. A nature reserve, it is leased and managed by the Island Conservation Society of Seychelles.

Cousin Island is a small granitic island of the Seychelles, lying 2 km (1.2 mi) west of Praslin. It is a nature reserve protected under Seychelles law as a Special Reserve. It is managed by Nature Seychelles, a national nonprofit organization and Partner of BirdLife International, by which it has been identified as an Important Bird Area.

Cousine Island is a small granitic island 30 ha in the Seychelles 6 km (4 mi) west of Praslin Island. It is a combination luxury resort and since 1992 a nature preserve.

Frégate Island is an island in Seychelles. The island is the easternmost of the granitic Inner Islands of the Seychelles. It is 2.07 square kilometres and is primarily known for the Oetker Collection's secluded private luxury resort which funds an environmental programme to restore habitat and protect rare species. The beach on the island, Anse Victorin, often voted as "The World's Best Beach" by The Times.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seychelles fody</span> Species of bird

The Seychelles fody is a small yellowish songbird that are native to the Seychelles islands of Cousin Island, Cousine Island, Frégate Island, and have been introduced to Aride Island, D'Arros Island and as of 2004 Denis Island. Their natural habitat is woodland, but they have adapted to living in such habitats as coconut plantations and gardens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seychelles warbler</span> Species of bird

The Seychelles warbler, also known as Seychelles brush warbler, is a small songbird found on five granitic and corraline islands in the Seychelles. It is a greenish-brown bird with long legs and a long slender bill. It is primarily found in forested areas on the islands. The Seychelles warbler is a rarity in that it exhibits cooperative breeding, or alloparenting, which means that the monogamous pair is assisted by nonbreeding female helpers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seychelles white-eye</span> Species of bird

The Seychelles white-eye is a rare warbler-like perching bird from the family of white-eyes (Zosteropidae). It is endemic to the Seychelles. At one time thought to be extinct, it was rediscovered and is now listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seychelles blue pigeon</span> Species of bird

The Seychelles blue pigeon, also known as the Seychelles blue fruit dove, is a medium-sized pigeon which inhabits woodland areas of the granitic Seychelles archipelago.

Nature Seychelles is a registered non-governmental association in Seychelles dedicated to environmental conservation. It is the national partner of BirdLife International and was formed as the replacement of Birdlife Seychelles in 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seychelles skink</span> Species of lizard

The Seychelles skink also known as the Mangouya, is a species of skink in the family Scincidae. It is endemic to the Seychelles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Madagascar magpie-robin</span> Species of bird

The Madagascar magpie-robin is a species of chat in the Old World flycatcher family, Muscicapidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black shama</span> Species of bird

The Black shama is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the island of Cebu, Philippines where it is known locally as "Siloy".

Polposipus herculeanus, the Frégate Island giant tenebrionid beetle or Frégate beetle, is a flightless species of beetle in family Tenebrionidae. It is endemic to Frégate Island in the Seychelles. It grows to be about 20–30 mm long and has a hard, rounded abdomen covered with tubercles. There appears to be no sexual dimorphism. They are largely arboreal, sheltering under the bark of trees, beneath the crooks of branches, and within bushes during the day. They are believed to be nocturnal, descending to the forest floor at night, though never travelling far. This behaviour may help them to avoid predators such as the Wright's Skink and the Seychelles magpie-robin. When in danger, chemicals will secrete from the defensive glands in the posterior of the beetle, which have a musky smell and stains the skin purple. In captivity they have been noted to eat a variety of fruits, vegetables, bark, fungus and cat food. There are a few captive populations, taken for conservation reasons, the largest being at London zoo. These populations are the descendants of two small populations taken from the wild several years apart. It is quite possible that it previously lived on other islands in the Seychelles, and it has been suggested that it could be reintroduced to other islands to reduce its vulnerability. In captivity they have been recorded to live for up to seven years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Granitic Seychelles</span>

The Granitic Seychelles are the islands in Seychelles which lie in central position on the Seychelles Bank and are composed of granite rock. They make up the majority of the Inner Islands, which in addition include the coral islands along of the rim of the Seychelles Bank, namely Bird Island and Denis Island. The Granitic Seychelles contrast with the Coralline Seychelles or the Outer Islands, several island groups made up of low coral islands with dry, infertile soils.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wildlife of Seychelles</span>

The wildlife of Seychelles comprises the flora and fauna of the Seychelles islands off the eastern coast of Africa in the western Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical shearwater</span> Species of bird

The tropical shearwater is a seabird in the family Procellariidae formerly considered conspecific with Audubon's shearwater.

References

  1. 1 2 BirdLife International (2017). "Copsychus sechellarum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T22709978A111061160. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22709978A111061160.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. Newton, A. (1865). On an apparently undescribed bird from the Seychelles Islands. Ibis, 1:331-7.
  3. Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (2008). CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN   978-1-4200-6444-5.
  4. 1 2 Watson, J ; C. Warman; D. Todd & Victorin Laboudallon (1992) The Seychelles Magpie Robin Copsychus sechellarum: ecology and conservation of an endangered species. Biological Conservation 61:93-106
  5. Cavill, Emily L.; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Puetz, Lara C.; Ribeiro, Ângela M.; Mak, Sarah S. T.; da Fonseca, Rute R.; Pacheco, George; Dunlop, Bronwyn; Accouche, Wilna; Shah, Nirmal; Zora, Anna; Calabrese, Licia; Genner, Martin; Jones, Gareth; Guo, Chunxue (April 2022). "Conservation genomics of the endangered Seychelles Magpie‐Robin ( Copsychus sechellarum ): a unique insight into the history of a precious endemic bird". Ibis. 164 (2): 396–410. doi:10.1111/ibi.13023. hdl: 1983/772a5763-e2e1-499f-8174-363fd1f6febf . ISSN   0019-1019.