Sinocyclocheilus

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Sinocyclocheilus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Subfamily: Barbinae
Genus: Sinocyclocheilus
P. W. Fang, 1936
Type species
Sinocyclocheilus tingi
P. W. Fang, 1936
Synonyms

AnchicyclocheilusLi & Lan, 1992
GibbibarbusDai, 1988

Sinocyclocheilus is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae that is endemic to Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan in China. [1] Almost all of its species live in or around caves and most of these have adaptions typical of cavefish such as a lack of scales, lack of pigmentation and reduced eyes (some are completely blind). [1] [2] Several species have an unusual hunchbacked appearance and some of the cave-dwellers have a "horn" on the back (above the forehead), the function of which is unclear. [1] [2] In contrast, the Sinocyclocheilus species that live aboveground, as well as a few found underground, show no clear cavefish adaptions. [2] They are relatively small fish reaching up to 23 cm (9.1 in) in length. [3] The individual species have small ranges and populations, leading to the status of most of the evaluated species as threatened. [1] [2] Many species populations in the genus have yet to be evaluated by the IUCN.

The type species is S. tingi. The name is derived from the Latin word sino, meaning "from China", and the Greek word kyklos, meaning "circle", and the Greek word cheilos, meaning "lip". [3]

Species

There are 69 recognized species in this genus. [3] Several others are now considered synonyms and jinxiensis, traditionally placed in this genus, was moved to the monotypic Pseudosinocyclocheilus in 2016. [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyprinidae</span> Family of freshwater fish

Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family, including the carps, the true minnows, and their relatives the barbs and barbels, among others. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest vertebrate animal family overall, with about 3,000 species; only 1,270 of these remain extant, divided into about 200 valid genera. Cyprinids range from about 12 mm (0.5 in) in size to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb. By genus and species count, the family makes up more than two-thirds of the ostariophysian order Cypriniformes. The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos.

<i>Acrossocheilus</i> Genus of fishes

Acrossocheilus is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the family Cyprinidae, native to freshwater in China, Taiwan, Laos, and Vietnam. They are fairly small, no more than 30 cm (1 ft) in standard length.

<i>Schizothorax</i> Genus of fishes

Schizothorax is a genus of cyprinid fish found in southern and western China, through northern South Asia (Himalaya) and Central Asia, to Iran, with a single species, S. prophylax, in Turkey. They are primarily found in highland rivers, streams and lakes, although a few species occur in lower-lying locations, like Lake Balkhash and lakes of the Sistan Basin. Their scientific name means "cloven-breast", from Ancient Greek schízeïn (σχίζειν) 'to cleave' and thórax (θώραξ) 'breast-plate'. The western species are typically referred to as marinkas from their Russian name marinka (маринка), while the eastern species are usually called snowtrout. Although they do resemble trouts in habitus this is merely due to convergent evolution and they are by no means closely related apart from both being Teleostei: Cyprinids are in the teleost superorder Ostariophysi, while trouts are in the superorder Protacanthopterygii. Their ancestors must thus have diverged as early as the Triassic, more than 200 million years ago.

<i>Garra</i> Genus of fishes

Garra is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae. These fish are one example of the "log suckers", sucker-mouthed barbs and other cyprinids commonly kept in aquaria to keep down algae. The doctor fish of Anatolia and the Middle East belongs in this genus. The majority of the more than 140 species of garras are native to Asia, but about one-fifth of the species are from Africa.

Oreonectes is a genus of fish in the family Nemacheilidae found in the rivers and caves of Asia. Many of these species are troglobitic.

Protocobitis is a genus of loaches endemic to Guangxi in China and living in caves.

<i>Triplophysa</i> Genus of fishes

Triplophysa is a genus of fish in the family Nemacheilidae found mainly in and around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, as well as inland waters of the larger part of central Asia. They can be distinguished from other genera of Nemacheilidae by marked sexual dimorphism, including the development of nuptial tubercles on breeding males. Currently, the genus is a mixed assemblage of species. Some lineages have been identified and treated as subgenera, but as Wikipedia follows Fishbase for fish species all but Hedinichthys have been treated as subgenera in Wikipedia, although Kottelat in his revision of the loaches did recognise them as valid. FishBase, however, includes these in Triplophysa without specifying subgenera and treats the names given by Kottelat as synonyms.

<i>Yunnanilus</i> Genus of fishes

Yunnanilus is a genus of small stone loaches that are endemic to southeastern China, especially Guangxi and Yunnan. They are found in rivers, streams and lakes; some species are restricted to caves.

Amblyceps is a genus of fish in the family Amblycipitidae. The genera Amblyceps and Liobagrus are sister group pair that is, in turn, sister to Xiurenbagrus. These species are easily distinguished by the presence of pinnate processes along with the median caudal-fin rays, a prominent cup-like skin flap above the base of the pectoral spine, and the adipose fin largely separate from the caudal fin. In most species the caudal fin is deeply forked; A. apangi and A. murraystuarti differ in having their caudal fin truncate. Amblyceps species may reach about 100 millimetres (3.94 in) SL.

<i>Liobagrus</i> Genus of fishes

Liobagrus is a genus of catfishes of the family Amblycipitidae. Liobagrus fishes are distributed in the Yangtze River basin, Taiwan, Japan, and the Korea Peninsula. The adipose fin of these fishes is a confluent with the caudal fin. The nostrils are far apart, unlike those found in Amblyceps. Most Liobagrus species grow to about 100 millimetres (3.94 in) SL.

Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus is a species of cave fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Guangxi province in southern China, and only known from a cave in Donglan County, from a subterranean tributary of the Hongshui River, a tributary of the Pearl River.

Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis is a species of cave fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Guangxi province in southern China, and only known from a subterranean tributary of the Hongshui River, a tributary of the Pearl River. Its specific name donglanensis refers to the Donglan County where its type locality is located. It is not known from elsewhere.

Heminoemacheilus is a small genus of stone loaches endemic to Guangxi in China and only living in caves.

Metzia is a genus of cyprinid fish that is found in eastern Asia. The genus is named in honor of the American ichthyologist Charles William Metz of Stanford University.

<i>Microphysogobio</i> Genus of fishes

Microphysogobio is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae native to East Asia.

Platypharodon extremus is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to the upper Yellow River basin in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau of China. It is the only member of its genus, but is related to other schizothoracines like Aspiorhynchus, Chuanchia, Gymnocypris, Oxygymnocypris, Ptychobarbus, Schizopyge, Schizopygopsis and Schizothorax.

Pseudosinocyclocheilus jinxiensis is a species of cavefish in the family Cyprinidae endemic to Xiaolong Spring in Jinxi County, Guangxi, China. In 2016, it was proposed that this species should be placed in its own genus Pseudosinocyclocheilus, a move subsequently supported by Catalog of Fishes and FishBase.

Sinocyclocheilus guanyangensis is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Li-Jiang Basin in Guanyang County in Guanxi. It has vestigial eyes, a conical snout and lacks a hump at the back of the head.

Sinocyclocheilus huizeensis is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Cyprinidae which is only known from Dalong Spring in the Jinshajiang Drainage, in Huize County, Yunnan, China.

<i>Troglonectes</i> Genus of fishes

Troglonectes is a genus of troglobitic fish in the family Nemacheilidae, native to caves of Asia. Fishbase and other authorities place these species in the genus Oreonectes.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Ma, L.; and Y.-H. Zhao (2012). Cavefish of China. Pp. 107—125 in: White, W.B.; and D.C. Cuvier, editors. Encyclopedia of Caves. Elsevier. ISBN   978-0-12-383832-2
  2. 1 2 3 4 Aldemaro Romero; Yahui Zhao; Xiaoyong Chen (2009). "The Hypogean fishes of China". Environ Biol Fish. 86: 211–278. doi:10.1007/s10641-009-9441-3. S2CID   41778476.
  3. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2016). Species of Sinocyclocheilus in FishBase . January 2016 version.
  4. ↑ Zhang, C.; Zhao, Y.-H. (2016). Species Diversity and Distribution of Inland Fishes in China. Science Press. p. 296. ISBN   978-7-03-047210-6.
  5. ↑ Gan, X., Wu, T.-J., Wei, M.-L. & Yang, J. (2013): A new blind barbine species, Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis sp. nov. (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Guangxi, China. Archived 2015-10-26 at the Wayback Machine Zoological Research, 34 (5): 459-463.
  6. ↑ Li, J., Li, X. & Mayden, R.L. (2014): Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of cavefish from Guangxi, China. Zootaxa, 3873 (1): 37–48.
  7. ↑ Zhu, D.-G. & Zhu, Y. (2012): A new species Sinocyclycheilus flexuosdorsalis (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) from Guangxi, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 37 (1): 222-226.
  8. ↑ Wang, D., Zhao, Y., Yang, J. & Zhang, C. (2014): A new cavefish species from Southwest China, Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa, 3768 (5): 583–590.
  9. ↑ Li, J. & Li, X.-H. (2014): Sinocyclocheilus gracilis, a new species of hypogean fish from Guangxi, South China (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 24 (3): 249-256.
  10. ↑ Chen, Y.-Q., Peng, C.-L. & Zhang, E (2016): Sinocyclocheilus guanyangensis, a new species of cavefish from the Li-Jiang basin of Guangxi, China (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 27 (1): 1-8.
  11. ↑ Cheng, C., Pan, X., Chen, X., Li, J., Ma, L. & Yang, J. (2015): A new species of the genus Sinocyclocheilus (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), from Jinshajiang Drainage, Yunnan, China. Cave Research, 1 (2): 33-36.
  12. ↑ Lan, J., Gan, X., Wu, T. & Yang, J. (2013): Cave Fishes of Guangxi, China. Science Press, Beijing. 1-266.
  13. ↑ Li, W.-X. & An, L. (2013): A New Species of Sinocyclocheilus from Kunming,Yunnan —— Sinocyclocheilus wui sp nov. Journal of Jishou University (Natural Science Edition), 34 (1): 82-84.
  14. ↑ Pan, X.-F., Li, L., Yang, J.-X. & Chen, X.-Y. (2013): Sinocyclocheilus xichouensis, a new species of golden-line fish from the Red River drainage in Yunnan, China (Teleostei: Cypriniformes). Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine Zoological Research, 34 (4): 368-373.
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