This article needs additional citations for verification .(July 2018) |
Slovene Union Slovenska skupnost | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Leader | Peter Močnik |
Founded | 1963 |
Headquarters | Via G. Gallina 5/III, Trieste |
Newspaper | Skupnost |
Ideology | Slovene-speaking minority interests Christian democracy |
Political position | Centre |
National affiliation | Centre-left coalition Autonomies and Environment Pact |
European affiliation | Federal Union of European Nationalities |
Regional Council of Friuli-Venezia Giulia | 1 / 48 (In the Democratic Party) |
Website | |
www | |
The Slovene Union (Slovene : Slovenska skupnost, SSk, Italian : Unione Slovena, US) is a political party in Italy representing the Slovene minority in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region. [1] Its Slovene name means literally "Slovene Community", but the denomination "Slovene Union" is used in other languages.
The party was founded in the 1960s to represent the anti-communist Slovenes in the Italian Julian March (provinces of Trieste and Gorizia). It the 1970s and 1980s, it extended its presence also to Venetian Slovenia and Canale Valley in the Province of Udine. It has been considered to be close to the Catholic Church and has drawn its support from various Slovene Catholic institutions in Italy, such as the Hermagoras Society and the Council of Slovene Organizations.
Since 2007, the SSk is affiliated to the Democratic Party (PD). The relation between the two parties is regulated by an "agreement of federation", which guarantees the full autonomy of the SSk. [2]
The SSk was founded in 1962 with the merger of several Slovene anti-communist political organizations that had functioned since 1945 in the Italian part of the Julian March (Venezia Giulia), that is in the provinces Gorizia and Trieste (until 1954 Zone A of the Free Territory of Trieste). These organizations included the Slovene Christian Social Union (Slovenska krščansko socialna zveza, SKSZ), led by Engelbert Besednjak and Avgust Sfiligoj; the liberal Slovene Democratic Union (Slovenska demokratska zveza, SDZ), led by Josip Agneletto and Andrej Uršič; and the social-democratic Group of Independent Slovenes (Skupina neodvisnih Slovencev, SNS), led by Josip Ferfolja, Frane Tončič and Dušan Rybář. All these groups shared an anti-fascist ideology, they were opposed to Italian nationalism and centralism, as well as to the Communist regime of the nearby Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Coming from different ideological background, but sharing similar programs, these groups soon established a close collaboration, creating many joint lists in municipal and provincial elections. Between 1947 and 1954, a unitary action was hindered by the fact that the Slovene minority was split into two separate political realities, one in the Republic of Italy and the other in the Free Territory of Trieste.
The SSk has taken part in nearly all general, regional and municipal elections in Friuli-Venezia Giulia since the 1963 general election. Beginning from the late 1960s, it frequently formed alliances with Christian Democracy. Since its foundation, the SSk has maintained close relations with the South Tyrolean People's Party and the Valdostan Union. In the 1992 general election the SSk formed a joint list with the Valdostan Union, the Union for South Tyrol, the Sardinian Action Party, and some smaller regional parties; this effort produced a seat in the Chamber of Deputies and one in the Senate of the Republic, but none of them was for the SSk.
Since the beginning of the so-called Italian Second Republic, the SSk has been in alliance with centre-left coalitions, such as The Olive Tree, and had been an associate party of the Italian People's Party, Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, and finally the Democratic Party.
The party has been represented in the Regional Council from 1975 through 1993, and then again since 2003. In the 2013 regional election the SSk won 1.4% of the vote (4.7% in the Province of Trieste and 2.8% in the Province of Gorizia), resulting in the re-election of its regional councillor. [3]
The party is particularly strong in rural areas on the border with Slovenia in the Provinces of Trieste and Gorizia. In the 2013 regional election it was the most voted party in the municipalities of Monrupino (55.9%), San Floriano del Collio (53.1%) and Savogna d'Isonzo (42.0%), and had a good showing also in San Dorligo della Valle (22.5%), Sgonico (22.2%), Doberdò del Lago (19.8%) and Duino-Aurisina (17.1%). Since the 2000s, the party has gathered some support also in the Province of Udine, especially in the so-called Venetian Slovenia: in 2013 it garnered 19.4% of the vote in Drenchia, 10.8% in Malborghetto Valbruna, and 7.5% in Resia. In big cities, the party reached 5.3% in Gorizia and 3.2% in Trieste. In the municipal and provincial elections of 2011, the candidates of the Slovene Union ran on the list of the Democratic Party, except for the Provincial Council of Trieste, where they ran separately and gained 3.4% of the vote. [4]
The party has an official newspaper, called Skupnost ("Community"). The weekly journal Novi glas ("The New Voice"), published in Gorizia by the Hermagoras Society is also generally supportive of the party's program, policies and ideology, although it is sometimes critical towards its actions.
Several public figures of the Slovene minority in Italy have been public supporters of the Slovene Union, including the authors Boris Pahor and Alojz Rebula, historian Jože Pirjevec, journalist, editor and historian Ivo Jevnikar and others.
Friuli-Venezia Giulia is one of the 20 regions of Italy and one of five autonomous regions with special statute. The regional capital is Trieste on the Gulf of Trieste, a bay of the Adriatic Sea.
Northeast Italy is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first level NUTS region and a European Parliament constituency. Northeast encompasses four of the country's 20 regions:
The province of Udine was a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy, bordering Austria and Slovenia, with the capital in the city of Udine. Abolished on 30 September 2017, it was reestablished in 2019 as the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, and was reactivated on 1 July 2020. It has a population of 530,849 inhabitants over an area of 4,907.24 square kilometres (1,894.70 sq mi).
Scoutingin Slovenia is served by three associations:
The Triveneto or Tre Venezie, also often referred to as North-Eastern Italy or simply North-East, is a historical region of Italy. The area is made up of the three smaller historical regions of Venezia Euganea, Venezia Giulia and Venezia Tridentina. This territory was named after the Roman region of Venetia et Histria.
Lusevera is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Udine, on the border with Slovenia, and borders the following municipalities: Gemona del Friuli, Kobarid (Slovenia), Montenars, Nimis, Resia, Taipana, Tarcento, and Venzone.
San Pietro al Natisone is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Udine, and borders the following municipalities: Cividale del Friuli, San Leonardo, Savogna, Prepotto, Pulfero, and Torreano. Until 1878, its official Italian name was San Pietro degli Slavi, i.e. "Saint Peter of the Slavs".
Torreano is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Udine, on the border with Slovenia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,301 and an area of 34.9 square kilometres (13.5 sq mi). According to the census 1971 24,5% of the population are Slovenes.
Cormons or Cormòns is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Gorizia, on the border with Slovenia.
Doberdò del Lago is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) southwest of Gorizia, and borders the following municipalities: Duino-Aurisina, Fogliano Redipuglia, Komen (Slovenia), Miren-Kostanjevica (Slovenia), Monfalcone, Ronchi dei Legionari, Sagrado and Savogna d'Isonzo. It is located in the westernmost part of the Karst Plateau.
Monrupino is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Trieste in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of Trieste, on the border with Slovenia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 848 and an area of 12.7 square kilometres (4.9 sq mi). According to the 1971 census, 77.3% of the population are Slovenes.
Lega Friuli-Venezia Giulia, whose complete name is Lega Friuli-Venezia Giulia per Salvini Premier, is a regionalist political party active in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. The party was a "national" section of Lega Nord (LN) from 1991 to 2000 and has been the regional section of Lega per Salvini Premier (LSP) in Friuli-Venezia Giulia since 2020.
The 1978 Friuli-Venezia Giulia regional election took place on 25 June 1978.
Darko Bratina was an Italian sociologist, film theorist and politician of Slovene ethnicity. Between 1992 and 1997, he served as member of the Italian Senate.
Slovene minority in Italy, also known as Slovenes in Italy is the name given to Italian citizens who belong to the autochthonous Slovene ethnic and linguistic minority living in the Italian autonomous region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia. The vast majority of members of the Slovene ethnic minority live in the Provinces of Trieste, Gorizia, and Udine. Estimates of their number vary significantly; the official figures show 52,194 Slovenian speakers in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, as per the 1971 census, but Slovenian estimates speak of 83,000 to 100,000 people.
The 2013 Friuli-Venezia Giulia regional election took place on 21–22 April 2013 in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy.
Slavia Friulana, which means Friulian Slavia, is a small mountainous region in northeastern Italy and it is so called because of its Slavic population which settled here in the 8th century AD. The territory is located in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, between the town of Cividale del Friuli and the Slovenian border.
Responsible Autonomy is a centrist to centre-right political party active in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.
The Pact for Autonomy is a regionalist and social-liberal political party in Friuli-Venezia Giulia that aims to defend the regional autonomy and protect all linguistic minorities present in the region. Its leaders have been Sergio Cecotti and Massimo Moretuzzo.
Sergio Cecotti is an Italian politician, former Mayor of Udine and former President of Friuli-Venezia Giulia.