Sphenarium

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Sphenarium
Sphenarium purpurascens (Pyrgomorphidae).jpg
Sphenarium purpurascens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Caelifera
Family: Pyrgomorphidae
Subfamily: Pyrgomorphinae
Tribe: Sphenariini
Genus: Sphenarium
Charpentier, 1842 [1]
Species

See text

Sphenarium is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Pyrgomorphidae, native to Mexico and northern Central America. [2] [3] During outbreaks, they can cause significant damage to agricultural crops. [3] [4] Conversely, they have been caught for human consumption, for example as chapulines, since pre-Columbian times, a practice that also continues today. [3] [4]

Contents

Species

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acridinae</span> Subfamily of grasshoppers

The grasshopper subfamily Acridinae, sometimes called silent slant-faced grasshoppers, belong of the large family Acrididae in the Orthoptera: Caelifera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Melanoplinae</span> Subfamily of insects

The Melanoplinae are a subfamily of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. They are distributed across the Holarctic and Neotropical realms. They are one of the two largest subfamilies in the Acrididae. As of 2001 the Melanoplinae contained over 800 species in over 100 genera, with more species being described continuously.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caelifera</span> Suborder of insects

The Caelifera are a suborder of orthopteran insects. They include the grasshoppers and grasshopper-like insects, as well as other superfamilies classified with them: the ground-hoppers (Tetrigoidea) and pygmy mole crickets (Tridactyloidea). The latter should not be confused with the mole crickets (Gryllotalpidae), which belong to the other Orthopteran sub-order Ensifera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tetrigidae</span> Family of grasshoppers

Tetrigidae is an ancient family in the order Orthoptera, which also includes similar families such as crickets, grasshoppers, and their allies. Species within the Tetrigidae are variously called groundhoppers, pygmy grasshoppers, pygmy devils or "grouse locusts".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tree cricket</span> Subfamily of crickets

Tree crickets are insects of the order Orthoptera. These crickets are in the subfamily Oecanthinae of the family Gryllidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phaneropterinae</span> Subfamily of cricket-like animals

The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae. Nearly 2,060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known. They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids.

Sam W. Heads is a British palaeontologist, a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London, a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society, as well as a former Officer and Editor-in-Chief at the Orthopterists' Society.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pyrgomorphidae</span> Family of grasshoppers

Pyrgomorphidae is a family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera; it is the only family in the superfamily Pyrgomorphoidea. Pyrgomorphidae is found worldwide in tropical and warm temperate regions, but the vast majority of the family's approximately 500 species are from Africa, Asia and Australia. Their name is probably derived from pyrgos meaning "tower": a reference to the form (morph) of the head in the type genus Pyrgomorpha and other genera.

<i>Sphenarium purpurascens</i> Species of grasshopper

Sphenarium purpurascens, is a grasshopper species in the genus Sphenarium found in Mexico and Guatemala.

<i>Aularches</i> Genus of grasshopper

Aularches miliaris is a grasshopper species of the monotypic genus Aularches, belonging to the family Pyrgomorphidae. The bright warning colours keep away predators and their defense when disturbed includes the ejection of a toxic foam.

<i>Acrotylus</i> Genus of grasshoppers

Acrotylus is a genus of grasshopper in the family Acrididae and the type genus of the tribe Acrotylini.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gryllidea</span> Infraorder of cricket-like animals

Gryllidea is an infraorder that includes crickets and similar insects in the order Orthoptera. There are two superfamilies, and more than 6,000 described species in Gryllidea.

<i>Hesperotettix</i> Genus of grasshoppers

Hesperotettix is a genus of spur-throated grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. There are about 9 described species in Hesperotettix.

<i>Circotettix</i> Genus of grasshoppers

Circotettix is a genus of band-winged grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. There are about 9 described species in Circotettix.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pyrgomorphinae</span> Subfamily of grasshoppers

The Pyrgomorphinae are a sub-family of grasshoppers in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in, especially the warmer parts of: Central and South America, southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Pacific Islands. The type genus is Pyrgomorpha and names dates from "Pyrgomorphiden" by Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874. The first use of Pyrgomorphinae was by Krauss in 1890.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ripipterygidae</span> Family of Caelifera

Ripipterygidae is a family of insects in the order Orthoptera. Members of the family are commonly known as mud crickets.

<i>Brachystola</i> Genus of grasshoppers

Brachystola is a genus of grassland lubber grasshoppers in the family Romaleidae, found in the United States and Mexico. They are among the largest grasshoppers found in North America. The species Brachystola magna happens to have large and easily visible meiotic chromosomes, and was used in early genetic studies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">H. Radclyffe Roberts</span> American entomologist (1906–1982)

Howard Radclyffe Roberts Jr. was an American entomologist known for his work on grasshoppers. His 1941 University of Pennsylvania Ph.D. dissertation was an early work highlighting the role phallic structures could play in grasshopper taxonomy. While serving in World War II, he and Edward Shearman Ross cowrote The Mosquito Atlas, used by the armed forces to identify malaria-transmitting mosquitos. Roberts worked for the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP), serving as its managing director from 1947 to 1972. He described dozens of grasshopper species from North and South America, and also is the eponym of several taxa named in his honor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ommatolampidinae</span> Subfamily of grasshoppers

The Ommatolampidinae are a subfamily of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, found in central and South America, and based on the type genus Ommatolampis. Derived from the "Ommatolampides" used by Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1893, the first use of the name in its current form was by Rodríguez et al. in 2013; this taxon appears to be paraphyletic.

References

  1. Charpentier. 1845. Orthoptera descripta et depicta [1841-1845] 120 pp.
  2. "genus Sphenarium Charpentier, 1845". orthoptera.speciesfile.org. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  3. 1 2 3 Sanabria-Urbán, S.; Song, H.; Oyama, K.; González-Rodríguez, A.; Cueva del Castillo, R. (2017). "Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic diversity in neotropical grasshoppers: taxonomy, phylogenetics, and evolution of the genus Sphenarium Charpentier, 1842 (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)". Zootaxa. 4274 (1): 58. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4274.1.1.
  4. 1 2 Cerritos, R.; Cano-Santana, Z. (2008). "Harvesting grasshoppers Sphenarium purpurascens in Mexico for human consumption: A comparison with insecticidal control for managing pest outbreaks". Crop Protection. 27 (3–5): 473–480. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2007.08.001.