In the 1920s, sand and silt build up in the area destroyed the local fishing industry, which had provided most of the lifeboat crew. St Annes was then deemed a 'half-time' station, only be able to launch around high-tide. It was decided to close the St Annes Lifeboat Station in May 1925.[1]
History
St Annes as a town didn't exist before 1874. Starting in 1875, development of this Victorian seaside was rapid, and discussions of a lifeboat were soon on the agenda, hastened by the gift in 1879 of £1000 to start a lifeboat station, from the legacy of Mrs Catherine D. Foxton of Pendlebury, Manchester. Admiral John Ward, Chief Inspector of Lifeboats visited St Annes in the May of that year, and a new station was subsequently agreed.[2]
An order was placed with Woolfe of Shadwell for a 34-foot 10-oared self-righting 'pulling and sailing' (P&S) lifeboat, (one with oars and sails), costing £363. The lifeboat and carriage were transported to St Annes free of charge by the London and North Western Railway, arriving on 21 September 1881, the boat being named Laura Janet.[2]
A new boathouse was constructed by Moore Brothers of Rawtenstall on Eastbank road for £368, along with a launchway at the end of the road.[3]
It would not be until 4 December 1886 that Laura Janet would record her first lives saved, 6 men from the vessel Yan Yean of Montrose.[4]
Only 5 days later, at 9:00pm on the 9 December 1886, distress signals were seen from the German barqueMexico, driven ashore off Ainsdale. Much has been documented about the Mexico disaster. 13 crewmen aboard the Laura Janet launched into the darkness, never to return. 14 of the 16 crew of the Southport lifeboat were also lost, the greatest ever disaster for the RNLI.[3][5][6][7]
The upturned Laura Janet was recovered from Birkdale beach, and officially placed back on service until January 1887, although she was never used again, and eventually returned to London, before being broken up.[1]
A new 34-foot self-righting lifeboat arrived at St Annes on 5 January 1887, and was subsequently named Nora Royds (ON 194). From the outset, the boat was disliked by the crew so much, that most resigned. Even a new crew, led by Thomas Rimmer of Lytham, disliked the boat, and a second larger boat was requested. The Lytham lifeboat was brought to St Annes for comparison, and found to be far superior, the RNLI then agreeing to a No.2 boat for St Annes.[2]
The new boat, to be moored afloat off the end of St Annes Pier, was a 39-foot self-righting boat constructed by Woolfe, costing £588. She arrived in St Annes on 12 May 1888, but whilst awaiting delivery, the Nora Royds was called to the aid of the Albert Williams on 26 January 1888, along with the Lytham lifeboat. During this rescue, the St Annes boat managed to get in the way of the Lytham boat while it was veering down, and the two boats collided, causing considerable damage to the Lytham Lifeboat. Despite this, 10 crew were rescued, and Coxswain Thomas Rimmer was awarded the RNLI Silver Medal[8][9]
St Annes Lifeboat Monument
On 23 March 1888, a large monument, topped by a figure of a lifeboatman, and designed by William Birnie Rhind was unveiled by John Talbot Clifton on St Annes Promenade, in memory of those lost in the Mexico Disaster. Then followed the naming ceremony of the new lifeboat, The Brothers (ON 190), and Coxswain Thomas Rimmer was presented with his silver medal. Ending the ceremony was a demonstration of the four lifeboats from Lytham, Southport and St Annes.[2]
It had been realised that a broad-beam more stable boat was better suited to the shallow waters around the Fylde, with a self-righting boat being impractical. In 1892, The Brothers was replaced by a 43-foot non-self-righting boat, named Brothers (ON 315). Constructed by D & W Henderson of Partick, and designed specifically by RNLI Naval Architect George Lennox Watson, it was initially known as the 'Modified Southport Type', but later became better known as a Watson-class lifeboat.[10][11]
In 1895, a store was built on the Pier for lifeboat kit, lifejackets etc., to save the crew having to first attend the main boathouse.[2]
Operations didn't run smoothly at St Annes in the late 1800s and into the 1900s. A swing gangway constructed on the Pier in 1895 to access the boarding boat was soon deemed too dangerous, and was removed in 1898. Brothers (ON 315) was sent away for modifications. The first boarding boat, one of three former lifeboats stationed at St Annes, was found to be defective in 1898. It's replacement capsized in 1903, and the third one, the Edward and Lucille (ON 344), was wrecked against the side of the Pier in 1907. But more importantly, shifting sand and silt around the Pier meant that depending on the tide, the Brothers was hard aground, and unable to be used. Administrative difficulties were also encountered, when Honorary Secretary Thomas Bradley was required to write to the Town Council, and then reply to himself by letter, as he was also the Town Clerk.[2]
Nora Royds (ON 194), having served 21 years, with the last year being used as the boarding boat, and with a record of 5 launches and 10 lives rescued, was condemned in 1908, and replaced by a 36-foot Liverpool-class lifeboat, the James Scarlett (ON 587). Provided from the bequest of Mr James Scarlett of Bowden, Cheshire, the station finally had the boat they needed, a wide beam boat, which was stored in the boathouse, easily transported on its new carriage with 'tipping plate' wheels (folding metal plates for easier travel over sand).[2]
The No.2 station was closed in 1910, with the Brothers being transferred to Cromarty. James Scarlett (ON 587) would serve for 17 years, launching 9 times and saving 20 lives. In the end, the sand and silt build up would beat the station, which had already decimated the local fishing industry, the source of many of the crew. Even with the arrival of a new launch tractor in 1922, Clayton T1, the station was designated a 'half-time' station, only being able to launch certain hours before and after high-tide. This was deemed unacceptable by the RNLI, and the station closed in May 1925.[1][2]
The James Scarlett (ON 587) was retired from service, and placed on display in the boathouse for three years, being used for demonstration purposes, until being sold in 1928. She was transported by wagon to Lytham, and then travelled to the East Coast by the canal network. She was last reported as the Nymphea in Kings Lynn in 1969.[1]
The boathouse was sold to the Drive Methodist Church in St Annes, who still own the building on Eastbank Road. It has been used as an Ambulance station, a store, and for the last 30 years, a funeral parlour.[12]
For more information on Lytham, or Lytham St Annes Lifeboat Stations, please see
If anything good was to come out of the Mexico Disaster, it was Lifeboat Saturday. Charles Wright Macara was voted as a new member of the St Annes RNLI Branch Committee in 1887, becoming chairman in January 1889. A relief fund had been set up for the dependents of those lost in the Mexico Disaster, and a sum of over £30,000 had been donated within a matter of weeks. Macara realised that the majority of lifeboat donations were coming from just a few wealthy patrons.[2]
With the backing of friends in Manchester, and approval from Manchester and Salford Councils, he organised the first Lifeboat Saturday, which took place in Manchester on 17 October 1891. A grand parade, including the Mary Anna lifeboat from Southport, and the Nora Royds from St Annes, made its way through the city to Belle Vue Gardens. Over £5,500 was raised on the day. Many other towns followed, and would have their own Lifeboat Saturday. This would redefine fundraising methods for the RNLI, leading to other street collections and flag days.[13]
Blyth Lifeboat Station is located at the Port and seaside town of Blyth, in the south east corner of the county of Northumberland, approx. 13 miles (21 km) north of Newcastle upon Tyne.
The Mumbles Lifeboat Station is at Mumbles Pier, located at the south-western corner of Swansea Bay, near the village of Mumbles, within the city and county of Swansea, in the historic county of Glamorgan, Wales.
Angle Lifeboat Station is located near the village of Angle, on the southern side of the entrance to the Milford Haven Waterway in Pembrokeshire, Wales.
Eyemouth Lifeboat Station is located at the harbour town of Eyemouth, in the Scottish Borders, Scotland.
Barmouth Lifeboat Station is located in Barmouth, a town at the mouth of the Afon Mawddach river in Gwynedd, Wales. A lifeboat was first stationed here by the Royal National Institute for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) in 1828.
Arklow Lifeboat Station is located at South Quay in Arklow, County Wicklow, a harbour town at the mouth of the River Avoca, on the east coast of Ireland.
Clacton-on-Sea Lifeboat Station is located on Hastings Avenue, in the seaside town of Clacton-on-Sea, on the Tendring peninsular, in the county of Essex.
Palling Lifeboat Station was located at the town of Palling, on the north-east coast of Norfolk.
Chapel Lifeboat Station was located at the village of Chapel St Leonards, in the county of Lincolnshire.
Ackergill Lifeboat Station is located at Ackergill Harbour, Highland, in the NE corner of Scotland near the town of Wick, in the historic county of Caithness.
Tynemouth Lifeboat Station is located on the River Tyne, at Fish Quay, North Shields, in the county of Tyne and Wear.
Bull Bay Lifeboat Station was located at Bull Bay, near the town of Amlwch, on the north coast of Anglesey, Wales.
Lytham Lifeboat Station is a 'former' lifeboat station,, located in the Fylde coast town of Lytham, Lancashire.
Lytham St Annes Lifeboat Station was created in 1931, with the amalgamation of two Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) branches, Lytham (1851–1931) and St Annes (1881–1925).
Seaham Lifeboat Station is a former Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) station, which was located at the harbour town of Seaham, in County Durham.
Llanaelhaearn Lifeboat Station was actually located at Trefor harbour, some 2 miles (3.2 km) north west of the village of Llanaelhaearn, sitting between Porthdinllaen and Caernarfon on the Llŷn Peninsula, in Gwynedd, North Wales
Hythe, Sandgate & Folkestone Lifeboat Station was located off Princes Parade, Seabrook, at the eastern end of the Royal Military Canal, midway between Hythe and Folkestone, in the county of Kent.
New Romney Lifeboat Station was located across the northern end of Marine Parade, in-between St Andrew's Road and the Coastguard Station, at Littlestone-on-Sea, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) to the east of New Romney town, on the southern Kent coast.
Southport Lifeboat Station is a former lifeboat station, located in the Victorian seaside town of Southport, situated to the south of the River Ribble estuary, historically in the county of Lancashire, now Merseyside.
Brighstone Grange Lifeboat Station was located at Grange Chine, near the village of Brighstone, formerly Brixton, on the south west coast of the Isle of Wight.
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