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The satellite navigation system GLONASS was conceived in the late 1960s, and formal requirements were completed in 1970. The government of the Soviet Union made a decision to develop the system in 1976. Design work was carried out by specialists led by Vladimir Cheremisin at NPO PM in Krasnoyarsk-26. The first launch took place in 1982. Until its dissolution in 1991, the Soviet Union launched 43 GLONASS-related satellites. Work on the system was continued by the Russian Federation which brought it its full operational capability in 1995. In the following years, the system fell into disrepair due to the economic crisis in the country and diminished space funding. Starting from 2000, the government under President Vladimir Putin made the restoration of GLONASS a top priority; its funding was doubled and after a lull of several years, launches were restarted again. In 2003, a new satellite design, GLONASS-M, was introduced. By early 2011, GLONASS had 22 operational satellites, two short of the required constellation of 24 to provide global coverage. The latest and significantly improved satellite type, GLONASS-K, is set to be launched in February 2011.
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GLONASS, also known as Uragan are the first generation of Uragan satellite used as part of the Russian GLONASS radio-based satellite navigation system. Developed by Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems, it had its debut launch in 1983, with the last launched unit on 2005 and the retirement of the last unit Kosmos 2403 on April 30, 2009. It has been superseded by the GLONASS-M, the second-generation satellites.
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References
- ↑ "Sterkh 2 - NSSDC ID: 2009-049B". NASA NSSDC.
- 1 2 "Small spacecraft "Sterkh"". PO Polyot . Retrieved 2009-09-20.[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ Yang, Fang (2009-07-21). "Russia launches two satellites". Xinhua. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
- ↑ "С космодрома Байконур стартовала ракета-носитель «Союз-2.1б» с группой космических аппаратов". Roscosmos. 2009-09-17. Retrieved 2021-01-09.
- ↑ Zak, Anatoly (30 November 2017). "The Sterkh rescue signal satellite". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
- ↑ Krebs, Gunter (1 October 2019). "Sterkh 1, 2". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
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