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The satellite navigation system GLONASS was conceived in the late 1960s, and formal requirements were completed in 1970. The government of the Soviet Union made a decision to develop the system in 1976. Design work was carried out by specialists led by Vladimir Cheremisin at NPO PM in Krasnoyarsk-26. The first launch took place in 1982. Until its dissolution in 1991, the Soviet Union launched 43 GLONASS-related satellites. Work on the system was continued by the Russian Federation which brought it its full operational capability in 1995. In the following years, the system fell into disrepair due to the economic crisis in the country and diminished space funding. Starting from 2000, the government under President Vladimir Putin made the restoration of GLONASS a top priority; its funding was doubled and after a lull of several years, launches were restarted again. In 2003, a new satellite design, GLONASS-M, was introduced. By early 2011, GLONASS had 22 operational satellites, two short of the required constellation of 24 to provide global coverage. The latest and significantly improved satellite type, GLONASS-K, was launched in February 2011.
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Progress MS-02, identified by NASA as Progress 63P, was a Progress spaceflight operated by Roscosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) in 2016. It was launched to deliver cargo to the ISS.
AngoSat 1 was a geostationary communications satellite operated by Angosat and built by the Russian company RKK Energia. It was the first communications satellite of Angola, designed for a 15-year mission to deliver television, internet, and radio services to Angola and other territories. The satellite suffered a power problem in its first hours on orbit and lost contact with its ground control. After the power problem was resolved, contact was reestablished with the satellite, but ultimately it did not recover, and contact was permanently lost 3 days into the mission. After repeated failures to establish contact in the following weeks and months, the satellite was declared lost. Russia financed, built and launched a replacement satellite named AngoSat 2.
References
- ↑ "Sterkh 2 - NSSDC ID: 2009-049B". NASA NSSDC.
- 1 2 "Small spacecraft "Sterkh"". PO Polyot . Retrieved 2009-09-20.[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ Yang, Fang (2009-07-21). "Russia launches two satellites". Xinhua. Archived from the original on July 22, 2009. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
- ↑ "С космодрома Байконур стартовала ракета-носитель "Союз-2.1б" с группой космических аппаратов". Roscosmos. 2009-09-17. Retrieved 2021-01-09.
- ↑ Zak, Anatoly (30 November 2017). "The Sterkh rescue signal satellite". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
- ↑ Krebs, Gunter (1 October 2019). "Sterkh 1, 2". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
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