Sunda teal

Last updated

Sunda teal
SundaTeal Bali.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Anseriformes
Family: Anatidae
Genus: Anas
Species:
A. gibberifrons
Binomial name
Anas gibberifrons
Müller, 1842

The Sunda teal (Anas gibberifrons), also known as the Bebek cokelat or Itik benjut, is a dabbling duck found in open wetlands in Indonesia. The species formerly included the Andaman teal Anas albogularis and the grey teal, Anas gracilis as subspecies, but is currently considered monotypic. [2]

A molecular phylogentic study published in 2009 that compared mitochondrial DNA sequences from ducks, geese and swans in the family Anatidae found that the Sunda teal is a sister species of the chestnut teal (Anas castanea) native to Australia. [3]

This is a mottled brown duck with white and green flashes on its wings. The male and female Sunda teal share the same colouration, in contrast to the related chestnut teal, whose male and female are strikingly different. The nominate Sunda teal has almost identical colouration to the female chestnut teal and can only be distinguished by its lighter coloured neck, paler face and especially the bulging forehead. The Andaman teal has a variable amount of white on the forehead and around the eyes. The Rennell Island teal looked like a smaller version of the nominate subspecies, with a stubbier bill. Juveniles are paler than adults, especially on the head.

The Sunda teal nests near its favoured freshwater lakes and marshes, usually on the ground, but also in tree holes or rabbit burrows.

This is a vocal duck, especially at night. The male gives a soft peep, and the female has a loud quack.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern shoveler</span> Species of bird

The northern shoveler, known simply in Britain as the shoveler, is a common and widespread duck. It breeds in northern areas of Europe and across the Palearctic and across most of North America, wintering in southern Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Central, the Caribbean, and northern South America. It is a rare vagrant to Australia. In North America, it breeds along the southern edge of Hudson Bay and west of this body of water, and as far south as the Great Lakes west to Colorado, Nevada, and Oregon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gadwall</span> Species of bird

The gadwall is a common and widespread dabbling duck in the family Anatidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eurasian teal</span> Species of bird (duck)

The Eurasian teal, common teal, or Eurasian green-winged teal is a common and widespread duck that breeds in temperate Eurosiberia and migrates south in winter. The Eurasian teal is often called simply the teal due to being the only one of these small dabbling ducks in much of its range. The bird gives its name to the blue-green colour teal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Green-winged teal</span> Species of bird

The American teal or green-winged teal is a common and widespread duck that breeds in the northern areas of North America except on the Aleutian Islands. It was considered conspecific with the Eurasian teal for some time, but has since been split into its own species. The American Ornithological Society continues to debate this determination; however, nearly all other authorities consider it distinct based on behavioral, morphological, and molecular evidence. The scientific name is from Latin Anas, "duck" and carolinensis, "of Carolina".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cinnamon teal</span> Species of bird

The cinnamon teal is a species of duck found in western North and South America. It is a small dabbling duck, with bright reddish plumage on the male and duller brown plumage on the female. It lives in marshes and ponds, and feeds mostly on plants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Garganey</span> Species of bird

The garganey is a small dabbling duck. It breeds in much of Europe and across the Palearctic, but is strictly migratory, with the entire population moving to southern Africa, India, Bangladesh and Australasia during the winter of the Northern hemisphere, where large flocks can occur. This species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. Like other small ducks such as the Eurasian teal, this species rises easily from the water with a fast twisting wader-like flight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian spot-billed duck</span> Species of bird

The Indian spot-billed duck is a species of large dabbling duck that is a non-migratory breeding duck throughout freshwater wetlands in the Indian subcontinent. The name is derived from the red spot at the base of the bill that is found in the mainland Indian population. When in water it can be recognized from a long distance by the white tertials that form a stripe on the side, and in flight it is distinguished by the green speculum with a broad white band at the base. This species and the eastern spot-billed duck were formerly considered conspecific, together called the spot-billed duck.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cotton pygmy goose</span> Species of bird

The cotton pygmy goose or cotton teal is a small perching duck which breeds in Asia, Southeast Asia extending south and east to Queensland where they are sometimes called white-quilled pygmy goose. They are among the smallest waterfowl in the world and are found in small to large waterbodies with good aquatic vegetation. They are usually seen in pairs or larger groups of pairs, roosting and nesting on trees near water. They are strong fliers and are known to disperse widely, especially in winter. Their breeding season coincides with the rains.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baikal teal</span> Species of bird

The Baikal teal, also called the bimaculate duck or squawk duck, is a dabbling duck that breeds in eastern Russia and winters in East Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey teal</span> Species of duck

The grey teal is a dabbling duck found in open wetlands in Australia and New Zealand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Falcated duck</span> Species of bird

The falcated duck or falcated teal is a gadwall-sized dabbling duck from the east Palearctic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chestnut teal</span> Species of duck

The chestnut teal is a dabbling duck found in Australia. It is protected under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue duck</span> Species of bird

The blue duck or whio is a member of the duck, goose and swan family Anatidae endemic to New Zealand. It is the only member of the genus Hymenolaimus. Its exact taxonomic status is still unresolved, but it appears to be most closely related to the tribe Anatini, the dabbling ducks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Torrent duck</span> Species of bird

The torrent duck is a member of the duck, goose and swan family Anatidae. It is the only member of the genus Merganetta. It is placed in the shelduck subfamily Tadorninae after the "perching duck" assemblage to which it was formerly assigned was dissolved because it turned out to be paraphyletic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brazilian teal</span> Species of bird

The Brazilian teal or Brazilian duck is the only duck in the genus Amazonetta. It is widely distributed in eastern South America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernier's teal</span> Species of bird

Bernier's teal, also known as the Madagascar teal, is a species of duck in the genus Anas. It is endemic to Madagascar, where it is found only along the west coast. Part of the "grey teal" complex found throughout Australasia, it is most closely related to the Andaman teal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue-billed teal</span> Species of bird

The blue-billed teal, spotted teal or Hottentot teal is a species of dabbling duck of the genus Spatula. It is migratory resident in eastern and southern Africa, from Sudan and Ethiopia west to Niger and Nigeria and south to South Africa and Namibia. In west Africa and Madagascar it is sedentary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Puna teal</span> Species of bird

The Puna teal is a species of dabbling duck in the family Anatidae. It was at one time regarded as a subspecies of the silver teal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andaman teal</span> Species of bird

The Andaman teal is a species of duck endemic to the Andaman archipelago in the Bay of Bengal. The species was formerly considered as a subspecies of the Sunda teal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chestnut piculet</span> Species of woodpecker

The chestnut piculet is a species of bird in subfamily Picumninae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.

References

  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Anas gibberifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22727271A94945711. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727271A94945711.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. Carboneras, C.; Christie, D.; Kirwan, G.M. (2020). "Sunda Teal (Anas gibberifrons)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). Birds of the World. doi:10.2173/bow.suntea1.01. S2CID   242719451.
  3. Gonzalez, J.; Düttmann, H.; Wink, M. (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships based on two mitochondrial genes and hybridization patterns in Anatidae". Journal of Zoology. 279 (3): 310–318. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00622.x.