Symphony No. 1 (Haydn)

Last updated
Joseph Haydn Joseph Haydn.jpg
Joseph Haydn

Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 1 in D major, Hoboken I/1, was written in 1759 in Unter-Lukawitz, while in the service of Count Morzin. [lower-alpha 1] [1] While it is reliably known that No. 1 was written in 1759, H. C. Robbins Landon cannot rule out that No. 2, [2] No. 4, [3] or both could have been composed in 1757 or 1758.

Contents

Symphony No. 1 is scored for 2 oboes (or possibly flute), bassoon, 2 horns, strings and continuo. [4] Like most of the early symphonies by Haydn and his contemporaries, it is in three movements:

  1. Presto, 4
    4
  2. Andante in G major, 2
    4
  3. Presto, 3
    8

The first movement opens with a Mannheim crescendo which is in contrast to the rest of the symphony, which is more Austrian in character. [5]

The first movement has "frequent passages where" the violas are "used with some ingenuity and quite separately from the bass line." [6]

Notes

  1. H. C. Robbins Landon, "not sure if it is actually the first he composed, or even the first that survived to posterity."

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 52 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 52 in C minor is one of the last Sturm und Drang symphonies composed by the Austrian composer Joseph Haydn while the composer was in residence at Esterházy in 1771 or 1772.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 48 (Haydn)</span> Symphony by Joseph Haydn

The Symphony No. 48 in C major, Hoboken I/48, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn written in 1768 or 1769. The work has the nickname Maria Theresa as it was long thought to have been composed for a visit by the Holy Roman Empress, Maria Theresa of Austria in 1773. An earlier copy dated 1769 was later found, but the nickname has stuck. The symphony composed for the empress's visit was most likely No. 50.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 41 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 41 in C major, Hoboken I/41, is a festive symphony by Joseph Haydn. The symphony was composed by 1769. It is scored for flute, two oboes, bassoon, two horns, two trumpets, timpani and strings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 37 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 37 in C major, Hob. I/37, is a symphony by Franz Joseph Haydn. The numbering is completely misleading, as it is clearly one of Haydn's earliest symphonies. A copy of the score found at Český Krumlov, Czech Republic, is dated 1758. It can be presumed it was written for the orchestra of Count Morzin, in which Haydn was employed until February 1761.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 30 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 30 in C major, Hoboken I/30, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn composed in 1765, at the age of 33. It is nicknamed the Alleluia Symphony because of Haydn's use of a Gregorian Alleluia chant in the opening movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 35 (Haydn)</span>

Symphony No. 35 in B major, Hoboken I/35, was written by Joseph Haydn. The autograph score is "carefully" dated "December 10, 1767". It has been speculated that this symphony was written to celebrate Prince Esterházy's return from a visit to the Palace of Versailles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 32 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 32 in C major is a festive symphony by Joseph Haydn. The exact date of composition is unknown. It has been suggested by noted Haydn scholar H.C. Robbins Landon that it could have been written as early as 1757 and as late as 1763. More recent scholars have suggested it was composed in either 1760 or 1761

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 23 (Haydn)</span>

Joseph Haydn wrote Symphony No. 23 in G major, Hoboken I/23, in 1764.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 25 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 25 in C major, Hoboken I/25, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn.The symphony was most likely composed in 1763, or at the very earliest in 1761, at about the same time as No. 33.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 20 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 20 in C major is a festive symphony by Joseph Haydn. Hodgson places the composition date in either 1761 or 1762 while Brown states that it was likely composed before 1761. Calvin Stapert affirmatively states that it was composed in the group of 15 symphonies within Haydn's tenure with Count Morzin. And is festive, like C major Symphonies 32, 33, and 37. It is scored for 2 oboes, bassoon, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, timpani, strings and continuo. The symphony is in four movements:

  1. Allegro molto, 2
    4
  2. Andante cantabile, 2
    2
    in G major
  3. Minuetto & Trio, F major 3
    4
  4. Presto, 3
    8
<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 27 (Haydn)</span>

Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 27 in G major was probably written before March 19, 1761, while he was employed by Count Morzin. Its chronological position was assigned by Eusebius Mandyczewski in 1907. Although later adopted by Hoboken, Robbins Landon has subsequently revised the work's likely chronological position and now believes that the symphony is one of Haydn's earliest, written at roughly the same time as symphonies nos. 15–18. Haydn himself may have labeled the symphony his 16th, although this remains unclear.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 12 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 12 in E major is a symphony by Joseph Haydn. The symphony was composed in 1763, at the age of 31, under the patronage of Prince Nikolaus Esterházy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 2 (Haydn)</span> Symphony in three movements composed by Joseph Haydn

Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 2 in C major, Hoboken I/2, is believed to have been written between 1757 and 1761.

Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 4 in D major, Hob. I/4, is one of the earliest symphonies he wrote, believed to have been composed roughly between 1757 and 1761.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 16 (Haydn)</span>

Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 16 in B-flat major, Hoboken I/16, may have been written between 1757 and 1761.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 10 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 10 in D major, Hoboken I/10, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn. The symphony may have been written as early as 1757 but no later than 1761, probably for the small, but resourceful orchestra of Count Morzin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 11 (Haydn)</span>

Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 11 in E major is a symphony which may have been written as early as 1760 but no later than 1762, meaning that it was written for either the orchestra of the salubrious Count Morzin or the noble Paul II Anton, Prince Esterházy's palace in Eisenstadt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 18 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 18 in G major, Hoboken I/18, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn. The composition date is conspicuously uncertain. The Breitkopf catalogue entry assures that it was composed no later than March 1766, the date of the Esterhazy orchestra moving to Esterhaza, but most scholars believe it was composed at least a few years before then. Dates between 1757 and 1764 have been also suggested but not proven.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 19 (Haydn)</span>

The Symphony No. 19 in D major, Hoboken I/19, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn. The symphony was composed between 1757 and 1761.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symphony No. 42 (Haydn)</span> Symphony by Joseph Haydn

The Symphony No. 42 in D major, Hoboken I/42, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn. The symphony was composed by 1771. It is scored for two oboes, two bassoons, two horns and strings.

References

  1. Hodgson, Antony (1976). The Music of Joseph Haydn: The Symphonies. London: The Tantivy Press. p. 46. Scholarly research cannot tell which was the very first symphony penned by Joseph Haydn ... To remain perplexed about this small but interesting point would be to ignore no less than the composer himself.
  2. Landon (1955): 616. "c. 1757-61 (?)"
  3. Landon (1955): 620. "c. 1757-61 (?)"
  4. Landon, (1955): 615. "2 ob. (or fl. ?), 2 cor., str., [ fag., cemb. ]"
  5. Landon, HC Robbins (1976). Haydn: the Early Years, 1732-1765. Haydn: Chronicle and Works, 5 vols. Vol. 1. Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press.
  6. (Landon, 1955): 203