Tawny-throated dotterel | |
---|---|
Brazil | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Charadriiformes |
Family: | Charadriidae |
Genus: | Oreopholus |
Species: | O. ruficollis |
Binomial name | |
Oreopholus ruficollis (Wagler, 1829) | |
Synonyms | |
Eudromias ruficollis(Wagler, 1829) |
The tawny-throated dotterel (Oreopholus ruficollis) is a species of bird in the family Charadriidae, the plovers and their relatives. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay. [2]
The tawny-throated dotterel is the only living member of its genus, though an extinct species O. orcesi is known from fossil remains. [2] [3] It has two subspecies, the nominate O. r. ruficollis and O. r. pallidus. [2] Some authors have suggested that the two deserve further investigation because they have different plumage . [4]
The tawny-throated dotterel is 25 to 29 cm (9.8 to 11 in) long and weighs 120 to 154 g (4.2 to 5.4 oz). The sexes are alike and have no seasonal changes in plumage. Adults of the nominate subspecies are mostly rich buff, with heavy dark streaking on the back. The have a white chin, an orange-tawny throat, gray neck and breast, and a small black patch on the belly. Their white underwing shows in flight. Juveniles have a buff throat, less dense streaking on the back, and paler underparts with a brown belly patch. Subspecies O. r. pallidus is very similar to the nominate but smaller and overall paler. [4]
Subspecies O. r. pallidus of the tawny-throated dotterel has a limited range; it is found in coastal northern Peru only as far south as the Department of La Libertad. What is assumed to be this subspecies has been recorded as a vagrant in Ecuador. The nominate subspecies is found from southern Peru south through western Bolivia, Chile, and western Argentina into Tierra del Fuego and east through southern Argentina into Uruguay and southern Brazil. It has also been recorded as a vagrant on the Falkland Islands. [2] [4] [5]
The tawny-throated dotterel inhabits grasslands, heath shrublands, and fields and meadows. The nominate subspecies is found in the puna of the Andes as high as 4,600 m (15,100 ft). O. r. pallidus is found on the coastal plain of Peru. [4]
The nominate subspecies of tawny-throated dotterel breeds in the high Andes and moves to lower elevations after that season. Some move to coastal Chile. Populations in the far south migrate north into Argentina and beyond as far as southern Brazil. O. r. pallidus appears to be a year-round resident in its limited range. [2] [4]
Almost nothing is known about the tawny-throated dotterel's feeding behavior or diet. It is known to feed in flocks of as many as 100 birds in the non-breeding season. [4]
The tawny-throated dotterel's nesting season appears to span from June to January with some latitudinal variation. O. r. pallidus nests on sandy soil near sea level. The species' nest, clutch size, incubation time, and time to fledging are not known. [4]
The tawny-throated dotterel is not highly vocal. In flight it makes "a vibrating drawn-out whistle 'prrrrruu'...and a rhythmic 'chup!-prri-rri-rruu'". Its alarm call is "an emphatic 'chee!-chu-chup'." [4]
The IUCN has assessed the tawny-throated dotterel as being of Least Concern. It has a large range, but its estimated population of under 6700 mature individuals is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified. [1] It occurs in several protected areas but there is evidence that hunting during fall migration is a potential threat. [4]
The russet-throated puffbird is a species of near-passerine bird in the family Bucconidae, the puffbirds, nunlets, and nunbirds. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.
The white-necked thrush is a songbird found in forest and woodland in South America. The taxonomy is potentially confusing, and it sometimes includes the members of the T. assimilis group as subspecies, in which case the "combined species" is referred to as the white-throated thrush. On the contrary, it may be split into two species, the rufous-flanked thrush and the grey-flanked thrush.
The sapphire-spangled emerald is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is regularly found in Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela; as a vagrant in Argentina; and has possibly occurred in Ecuador.
Lagoa do Peixe National Park is a national park in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It was created in 1986 to protect a wintering zone for migratory birds along the Lagoa dos Patos, the estuary of the Guaiba river or Guaíba Lake about 200 kilometres (120 mi) south of Porto Alegre.
The glittering-bellied emerald is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
The royal sunangel is an endangered species of hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.
The rufous-chested plover or rufous-chested dotterel, is a species of bird in subfamily Charadriinae of family Charadriidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, and the Falkland Islands.
The Andean lapwing is a species of bird in family Charadriidae, the plovers and their relatives. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The tawny-bellied screech owl is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
The long-tailed potoo is a species of bird in the family Nyctibiidae. It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay.
The Andean potoo is a species of bird in the family Nyctibiidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The white-throated quail-dove is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The red-fronted coot is a species of bird in subfamily Rallinae of family Rallidae, the rails, gallinules, and coots. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay.
The rufous-sided crake is a species of bird in subfamily Rallinae of family Rallidae, the rails, gallinules, and coots. It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile.
The paint-billed crake is a species of bird in the subfamily Rallinae of the rail, crake, and coot family Rallidae. It is found in Costa Rica, Panama, every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay, and the Galápagos Islands.
The blackish rail is a species of bird in the subfamily Rallinae of the rail, crake, and coot family Rallidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela, and possibly Bolivia.
The plumbeous rail is a species of bird in the subfamily Rallinae of the rail, crake, and coot family Rallidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.
The ash-throated crake is a species of bird in the subfamily Rallinae of the rail, crake, and coot family Rallidae. It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile.
The grey-breasted seedsnipe is a species of bird in the family Thinocoridae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
The dotterel or Eurasian dotterel is a species of plover found in the Northern Hemisphere.