Multiple terrorist attacks have occurred in Greece.
The Nihilist Faction (Greek : Φράξια Μηδενιστών, romanized: Fraxia Midheniston) was a nihilist anarchist organization in Greece, which claimed responsibility for a 28 May 1996 bombing of IBM offices in Athens. The attack caused extensive structural damage but no injuries. [1] The group was responsible for other attacks, primarily arson and fire bombing. The group was founded c. 1996. [2]
Revolutionary People's Struggle (Greek : Επαναστατικός Λαϊκός Αγώνας (ΕΛΑ), romanized: Epanastatikos Laikos Agonas (ELA)) was a far-left urban guerilla organization that operated between 1975 and 1995 before its members announcing its disbandment. It was the largest terrorist organization by number of group members in Greece. [3]
N17 was a Greek far-left Marxist–Leninist urban guerrilla organization formed in 1975. The Greek government arrested many members of the 17 November organization in the summer of 2002. In 2003 15 members were found guilty of multiple murders and convicted for more than 2,500 crimes. [4]
The Revolutionary Struggle is a far-left Greek paramilitary group known for its attacks on Greek government buildings. It is widely described as a terrorist organization by both the Greek government and the media. [5] [6] [7]
Revolutionary Nuclei (RN) was, anti-U.S., anti-NATO, and anti-European Union urban guerrilla organization that conducted 13 bomb attacks in Athens between 1996 and 2000. The first attack for which RN took credit was a bomb attack on Greek Coast Guard installations in Piraeus on 11 May 1997, but it later acknowledged that two earlier attacks were carried out by RN members. Per its four proclamations, RN fought against the "imperialist domination, exploitation, and oppression" of Greece. [8]
On 27 April 1999 an RN bomb targeting a conference at the InterContinental Hotel in Athens killed one person (Despite telephoned warnings, the building was not evacuated). In December 1999 RN set off explosives near Texaco's offices in Athens. [8]
The Revolutionary Self-Defense group claims to fight to "construct a mass internationalist revolutionary movement, by strengthening militant resistance on the entire spectrum of class antagonism". [9] On November 10, 2016, a police officer, who had been on guard outside the embassy, was wounded when unknown assailants threw a hand grenade on the French embassy building, days later the group claimed responsibility for the attack. [10] Militants shot against members of the riot police when they are parked in the downtown in Athens, Greece. The incidents left no one injured. [11] The group is suspected of a 2016 grenade attack the Russian embassy in Athens. [12]
Black Star (also known as Mavro Asteri; Greek : Μαύρο Αστέρι) is a Greek anarchist urban guerrilla group involved in violent direct action.
During the period between May 1999 and October 2002, Black Star was one of the most active anarchist groups in Greece. [13] [14] They describe themselves as anti-imperialist, anti-establishment, and anti-capitalist. The group has declared itself to be dedicated to "resistance against the mass organizations of US imperialism and to their local collaborators." [15] They believe that "the only terrorists are the US imperialist forces, their European allies, and their local capitalist associates." [16]
Greece | |||||||
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Date | Location | Deaths | Injuries | Type | Perpetrator | Description | |
2 September 1970 | Athens | 2 | - | Car bomb | Anarchists | -- Diplomatic (United States)
| |
5 August 1973 | Athens | 5 | 55 | Grenade & Small arms fire | Black September (Palestinian nationalists) | -- Airports & Airlines
| |
24 February 1974 | Lavrion | 2 | - | Improvised Explosive Device | People's Resistance Organized Army | -- Business
| |
23 December 1975 | Athens | 1 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Diplomatic (United States)
| |
17 January 1980 | Athens | 2 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Government institutions
| |
31 July 1980 | Athens | 2 | 2 | Small arms fire | ASALA (Armenian nationalists) | -- Diplomatic (Turkish)
| |
21 July 1981 | Athens | 2 | - | Small arms fire | Neo-fascists | -- Private citizens & property
| |
7 November 1983 | Athens | 1 | 1 | Small arms fire | -- Diplomatic (Jordanian)
| ||
15 November 1983 | Athens | 2 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Diplomatic (United States)
| |
28 March 1984 | Athens | 2 | - | Small arms fire | Abu Nidal Organization | -- Diplomatic (British)
| |
2 February 1985 | Athens | 0 | 78 | Time bomb | Greek Cypriots Ultranationalists | -- American military targets
| |
21 February 1985 | Athens | 2 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Business | |
15 May 1985 | Athens | 3 +1 | 0 | Shootout | Anti-State Struggle | On 15 May 1985 in Gyzi, near central Athens, three police officers investigating recent political murders detected a stolen motorcycle near Tsoutsouvis' apartment building. As they were investigating, Tsoutsouvis and an accomplice opened fire. Three police officers were killed in the exchange. Tsoutsouvis was also killed and his accomplice escaped. | |
1987 | Athens | 0 | 30 | Car bomb | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- American military targets
| |
26 November 1985 | Athens | 1 | 14 | Car bomb | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Government institutions
| |
28 June 1988 | Athens | 1 | - | Car bomb | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Diplomatic (United States)
| |
11 July 1988 | Athens | 11 (one perp.) | 98 | Car bomb -- Grenade & Small arms fire | Abu Nidal Organization | -- Private citizens & property
| |
27 September 1989 | Athens | 1 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Government institutions
| |
12 March 1991 | Athens | 1 | - | Improvised Explosive Device | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Government institutions (Foreign: United States Military)
| |
19 April 1991 | Patras | 7 | 7 | Improvised Explosive Device | Palestinian Nationalists (Union of Palestinian Students) | -- Private citizens & property
| |
14 July 1992 | Athens | 1 | 5 | Rocket propelled grenade fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Government institutions
| |
24 January 1994 | Athens | 1 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Government institutions
| |
4 July 1994 | Athens | 1 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Diplomatic (Turkish) | |
28 May 1997 | Athens | 1 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Business
| |
17 November 1999 | Athens | 1 | - | Improvised Explosive Device | Revolutionary Nuclei | -- Private citizens & property
| |
8 June 2000 | Athens | 1 | - | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | -- Diplomatic (British)
| |
17 June 2009 | Athens | 1 | - | Small arms fire | Sect of Revolutionaries | -- Government institutions | |
28 July 2009 | Athens metropolitan area | 0 | 0 | Improvised Explosive Device and firebombing | Illuminating Paths of Solidarity | -- Private citizens & government property Unknown assailants firebombed at least four New Democracy party offices in Koukaki, Attica, [53] others in Drapetsona, [54] Kaminia, Chalandri, [55] three PASOK offices in Votanikos and Goudi (both in Attica), being claimed by Illuminating Paths of Solidarity. [56] | |
28 March 2010 | Athens | 1 | 2 | Improvised Explosive Device | Unknown | -- Private citizens & property
| |
24 June 2010 | Athens | 1 | - | Improvised Explosive Device | Revolutionary Struggle | -- Government institutions
| |
19 July 2010 | Athens | 1 | - | Small arms fire | Sect of Revolutionaries | -- Journalists & Media
| |
17 June 2012 | Athens | 0 | 0 | Hand grenades | Unknown | -- Journalists & Media
| |
26 June 2012 | Marousi , Athens | 0 | 0 | Firebombing | Deviant Conduct by the Spread of Revolutionary Terrorism | -- Political
| |
4 July 2013 | Attica, Athens | 0 | 0 | Firebombing | Zero Tolerance | -- Political
| |
1 November 2013 | Athens | 2 | 1 | Small arms fire | The Fighting People's Revolutionary Powers | -- Political
| |
14 January 2014 | Athens | 0 | 0 | Firebombing | Zero Tolerance | -- Political | |
12 July 2014 | Athens | 0 | 0 | Hand grenade | Nuclei Of Nullists | -- Journalists & Media
| |
14 January 2015 | Athens | 0 | 0 | Firebombing | Zero Tolerance | -- Political
| |
17 December 2018 | Athens | 0 | 0 | Bombing | Popular Fighters Group | -- Journalists & Media
| |
3 February 2024 | Athens | 0 | 0 | Bombing | Revolutionary Class Self- Defense | -- Political A bomb exploded outside Ministry of Labour and a bank. The responsibility for the attack was claimed by a new organisation called 'Revolutionary Class Self-Defense'. [79] |
Revolutionary Organization 17 November, also known as 17N or the 17 November Group, was a Greek Marxist–Leninist urban guerrilla organization. Formed in 1975 and led by Alexandros Giotopoulos, 17N conducted an extensive urban guerrilla campaign against the Greek state, banks, and businesses. The organization committed 103 known armed robberies, assassinations, and bombing attacks, during which 23 people were killed.
In December 1973, a terrorist group executed a series of attacks originating at Rome-Fiumicino Airport in Italy which resulted in the deaths of 34 people. The attacks began with an airport-terminal invasion and hostage-taking, followed by the firebombing of a Pan Am aircraft and the hijacking of a Lufthansa flight.
Terrorism in Saudi Arabia has mainly been attributed to Islamic extremists. Their targets included foreign civilians—Westerners affiliated with its oil-based economy—as well as Saudi Arabian civilians and security forces. Anti-Western attacks have occurred in Saudi Arabia dating back to 1995. Saudi Arabia itself has been accused of funding terrorism in other countries, including Syria.
The Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front is a Marxist–Leninist communist party in Turkey. It was founded in 1978 as Revolutionary Left, and has been involved in a militant campaign against the Republic of Turkey since the 1980s. It was renamed in 1994 after factional infighting. It is classified as a terrorist group by Japan, Turkey, the United States, the United Kingdom and the European Union.
The City of Poros was a Greek cruise ship that made day-cruises for Cycladic Cruises to Hydra, Aegina and Poros from Flisvos Marina, a port in the Athens suburbs. The Cycladic Cruises' ship was roughly 200 feet (60 m) long, and ran the regular 16 mile (26 km) trip between the two harbours every day, with a carrying capacity of 500 passengers. Four hours before the attack a car laden with explosives exploded on the pier prematurely, killing two Arab terrorists. On the evening of 11 July 1988, the ship was attacked by a Libyan-born Palestinian gunman who killed eight tourists before killing himself in a subsequent explosion. At the time of the attack, there were 471 people on board the ship.
The Embassy of the United States in Athens is the embassy of the United States in Greece, in the capital city of Athens. The embassy is charged with diplomacy and Greece–United States relations. The United States Ambassador to Greece is the head of mission of the United States to Greece.
Revolutionary Struggle is a Greek anarchist, anti-imperialist, urban guerrilla group known for its attacks on Greek government buildings and the American embassy in Athens. It is designated as a terrorist group by the Greek government, the European Union (EU), and the United States.
The Abdullah Azzam Brigades, or al-Qaeda in Lebanon, is a Sunni Islamist militant group, and al-Qaeda's branch in Lebanon. The group, which began operating in 2009, was founded by Saudi Saleh Al-Qaraawi and has networks in various countries, mainly in Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, the Gaza Strip and Lebanon.
Jamaat Ahle Sunnat is a Muslim religious organization in Pakistan that represents the Barelvi movement. It is supported by Mashaikh including all spiritual centers. As a Sunni organisation it has adopted many Sufi customs and traditions. Jamaat e Ahle Sunnat is a representative of sunni(sufi) nation of Pakistan. It works under the superivision of spiritual centers including Golra Sharif, Sial Sharif, Pakpattan Sharif, AliPur Syedan Sharif and others. Pir of Golra Sharif is the current pattern in chief of the organization.
The Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei, also translated as Conspiracy of Fire Cells or Conspiracy of Cells of Fire, is an anarchist urban guerrilla organization based in Greece. The SPF first surfaced in January 2008, with a wave of 11 firebombings against luxury car dealerships and banks in Athens and Thessaloniki. Monthly waves of arson have been followed by proclamations expressing solidarity with arrested anarchists in Greece and elsewhere. In September 2009, following an escalation to the use of crude time bombs, four suspected members of the group were arrested. In November 2010 two more suspects were arrested while attempting to mail parcel bombs to embassies and EU leaders and organizations.
The Sect of Revolutionaries or the Rebel Sect was an anarchist militant group which was active in Greece. Formed after the 2008 police killing of Alexis Grigoropoulos, the group killed an anti-terrorist police officer the following year. It also claimed responsibility for the assassination of Sokratis Giolias in 2010. There has not been a reported attack by the Sect of Revolutionaries since 2011.
The Popular Fighters Group, also referred to as Group of Popular Rebels, is a Greek left-wing terrorist group that is anti-imperialist, anti-capitalist. Formed as a response to the Greek Government-debt crisis the group has carried out attacks primarily targeting the Government of Greece and German organizations in Greece.
Terrorism in France refers to the terrorist attacks that have targeted the country and its population during the 20th and 21st centuries. Terrorism, in this case is much related to the country's history, international affairs and political approach. Legislation has been set up by lawmakers to fight terrorism in France.
Soldiers of Egypt or Ajnad Misr was a Salafist Islamist militant group that has been operating near Cairo, Egypt. The group was founded by Humam Muhammed in 2013, after he split away from the Ansar Bait al-Maqdis militant group. The group claims that its attacks are "retribution" for the August 2013 Rabaa Massacre; notably, the group targets only security forces. It has warned civilians of the presence of bombs that it has placed.
Revolutionary People's Struggle, abbreviated ELA (ΕΛΑ), was a Greek far-left urban guerrilla organization formed in 1975 and disbanded in 1995. It was described as the largest terrorist organization in Greece. ELA was one of the two most important terrorist organizations in Greece; the other was the Revolutionary Organization 17 November.
The al-Ashtar Brigades, or AAB for short, is a Shiite militant group in Bahrain designated as a terrorist organization by the governments of Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United States and Canada.
The Skai TV bombing was a terrorist attack against the headquarters of Skai TV and the newspaper Kathimerini that took place on 17 December 2018 in Neo Phalero, Greece.
The Organization for Revolutionary Self-Defense was a Greek militant organization active in the metropolitan area of Athens. The group was dismantled after an anti-terrorist operation in November 2019.
The 1973 Hellinikon International Airport attack was an attack at the Hellinikon International Airport at Athens, Greece. The two attackers were members of the Palestinian militant organization Black September. The militants used sub-machine guns and grenades against the passengers waiting in the passenger lounge. The attackers took hostages before they finally surrendered to the Greek police. It is believed that the gunmen wanted to hijack a plane, but they decided to attack when they were about to be searched by a Greek security inspector before boarding.