The Bad Seed (1956 film)

Last updated
The Bad Seed
TheBadSeed1956.jpg
Directed by Mervyn LeRoy
Screenplay by John Lee Mahin
Based on The Bad Seed  by Maxwell Anderson
The Bad Seed  by William March
Produced byMervyn LeRoy
Starring
Cinematography Harold Rosson
Edited by Warren Low
Music by Alex North
Production
company
Distributed byWarner Bros.
Release date
  • September 12, 1956 (1956-09-12)
Running time
129 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$1 million
Box office$4.1 million (rentals) [1]

The Bad Seed is a 1956 American psychological thriller film directed by Mervyn LeRoy and starring Nancy Kelly, Patty McCormack, Henry Jones and Eileen Heckart.

Contents

The film is based upon the 1954 play of the same name by Maxwell Anderson, which in turn is based upon William March's 1954 novel of the same name. The screenplay was written by John Lee Mahin.

Plot

Kenneth and Christine Penmark dote on their eight-year-old daughter Rhoda. Kenneth leaves on military duty. Monica Breedlove, the Penmarks' neighbor and landlady, visits. Rhoda, pristine and proper in her pinafore dress and blonde pigtails, tells her about a penmanship competition that she lost to her schoolmate Claude Daigle. Rhoda then leaves for her school picnic at the lake.

Christine is having lunch with friends when they hear a radio report that Claude has drowned in the lake. Christine worries that her daughter might be traumatized, but Rhoda is unfazed by the incident and goes about her life. Rhoda's teacher Miss Fern visits Christine, revealing that Rhoda had been seen grabbing at Claude's penmanship medal and was with the boy just prior to his death. She hints that Rhoda might have some connection to Claude's death and adds that Rhoda will not be welcome at the school after the current term ends. Claude's parents barge in, and Mrs. Daigle is distraught and drunk, accusing Miss Fern of withholding information. When Christine finds the medal in Rhoda's room, she demands an explanation. Rhoda tells Christine that Claude gave it to her.

Christine's father Richard visits. Haunted by confusing memories about her own childhood, Christine confronts him and he reveals that she was adopted. Christine is horrified to learn that she is actually the daughter of a notorious serial killer. She worries that her origin is the cause of Rhoda's sociopathy and that her behavior is genetic. Richard tries to convince her that it is nurture, not nature, that primarily influences such behavior.

Christine catches Rhoda trying to dispose of her tap shoes in the household incinerator and realizes that Rhoda must have hit Claude with the shoes, which had left odd crescent-shaped marks on his face and hands that could not be identified. Alternately feigning tears and angrily blaming Claude, Rhoda admits that she killed the boy for his medal and confirms Christine's suspicion that, to acquire a keepsake, she had previously murdered an elderly neighbor when they had lived in Wichita, Kansas. Christine orders Rhoda to burn the shoes in the incinerator. [2]

The next day, the caretaker Leroy teasingly tells Rhoda that he believes that she killed Claude. After Rhoda angrily tells him that she burned her shoes, Leroy opens the incinerator and finds the remains. A drunk Mrs. Daigle returns and tells Christine that she believes that Rhoda knows what happened to her son.

Realizing that Leroy knows the truth, Rhoda sets his excelsior bedding ablaze and locks him in the basement. After some men break open the basement hatch, Leroy runs into the yard aflame, ultimately burning to death. From the window, Christine and Monica see him die, which makes Christine hysterical. That night, a strangely calm Christine tells Rhoda that she dropped the penmanship medal into the lake where Claude's body was found, then gives her daughter a lethal dose of sleeping pills. Christine attempts to kill herself with a gunshot to the head. However, the gunshot alerts the neighbors and Rhoda and Christine are taken to the hospital. They both survive, although Christine is in a coma. Kenneth arrives and takes Rhoda home.

At bedtime, Rhoda excitedly tells Kenneth that she will inherit Monica's pet lovebird. She also mentions that she and Monica plan to sunbathe on the roof soon. Christine regains consciousness and is expected to make a full recovery. She calls Kenneth and tells him that she must pay for her "dreadful sin" but Kenneth assures her that they will work on their problems together.

At night, Rhoda sneaks away during a thunderstorm and attempts to retrieve the medal from the lake using a dip net. A sudden bolt of lightning strikes her, presumably causing her death.

Cast

Production

Drive-in advertisement from 1956 Harbor Drive-In Ad - 25 October 1956, National City, CA.jpg
Drive-in advertisement from 1956

After the success of the book, Geoffrey Shurlock of the Production Code Administration (PCA) sent a letter to Jack Warner stating that “the property violated the spirit and letter of the Code.” Shurlock’s office wrote to Paramount Pictures, Columbia Pictures and Universal Pictures to caution them against the property. Although the studios had not yet formally inquired about it, Buddy Adler, Frank McCarthy and Dore Schary were interested in producing the film. After a bidding war, Warner purchased the film rights for $300,000 (equivalent to $2,990,086 in 2021). [3] [4] United States Pictures stated that it would only produce the film for Warner Brothers Pictures upon approval by the PCA. Adler contacted Shurlock demanding to know why approval had been given. Shurlock responded that director Mervyn LeRoy had devised a treatment "that seemed to do what the office thought was impossible." [3]

Although the novel and play conclude with Christine dying and Rhoda surviving, the Motion Picture Production Code did not permit perpetrators of crime to remain unpunished. [5] The film's ending thus reverses the deaths of the mother and daughter, with Christine's life saved and Rhoda killed by a bolt of lightning. In another move to appease the censors, Warner Bros. added an "adults only" warning to the film's advertising. [6] The film softens the shocking ending with a segment in which an announcer introduces the members of the cast. It concludes with Kelly lightheartedly spanking McCormack for her character's misdeeds.

Reception

The Bad Seed was one of the larger hits of 1956 for Warner Bros., earning the company $4.1 million in theatrical rentals in the U.S. against a $1 million budget. The film finished among the year's top 20 at the box office in the United States and among the ten most popular box-office draws in Britain in 1956. [6] [7]

The film received favorable reviews from critics, and review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports an approval rating of 63% based on 27 reviews, with a rating average of 7.00/10. [8]

Awards and nominations

AwardCategoryNominee(s)ResultRef.
Academy Awards Best Actress Nancy Kelly Nominated [9]
Best Supporting Actress Eileen Heckart Nominated
Patty McCormack Nominated
Best Cinematography – Black-and-White Harold Rosson Nominated
Golden Globe Awards Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture Eileen HeckartWon [10]
Patty McCormackNominated

Other honors

The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

Influence and legacy

McCormack starred in the 1995 low-budget film Mommy as a psychopathic mother and in House of Deadly Secrets in 2018. Some consider both films as unofficial sequels to The Bad Seed.[ citation needed ]

The first act of the 1992 off-Broadway musical Ruthless! is inspired by the film.[ citation needed ]

The 1993 film The Good Son is partly inspired by The Bad Seed. [12]

Remakes

The Bad Seed was remade for television in 1985, adapted by George Eckstein, directed by Paul Wendkos and starring Carrie Welles, Blair Brown, Lynn Redgrave, David Carradine, Richard Kiley and Chad Allen. The remake employs the original ending of the March novel and its stage production but was panned by critics and poorly received by its television audience. [13]

In June 2015, it was announced that Lifetime would remake The Bad Seed . In December 2017, Deadline.com reported that Rob Lowe was to direct and star in the remake with Mckenna Grace, Sarah Dugdale, Marci T. House, Lorne Cardinal, Chris Shields, Cara Buono and a special appearance by McCormack as Dr. March. The film aired in September 2018. [14]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>The Ladykillers</i> (1955 film) 1955 crime comedy film directed by Alexander Mackendrick

The Ladykillers is a 1955 British black comedy crime film directed by Alexander Mackendrick for Ealing Studios. It stars Alec Guinness, Cecil Parker, Herbert Lom, Peter Sellers, Danny Green, Jack Warner, and Katie Johnson as the old lady, Mrs. Wilberforce.

<i>The Bad Seed</i> 1954 novel by William March

The Bad Seed is a 1954 novel by American writer William March, the last of his major works published before his death.

<i>Stolen Kisses</i> 1968 film by François Truffaut

Stolen Kisses is a 1968 French romantic comedy-drama film directed by François Truffaut, starring Jean-Pierre Léaud, Delphine Seyrig and Claude Jade. It continues the story of the character Antoine Doinel, whom Truffaut had previously depicted in The 400 Blows (1959) and the short film Antoine and Colette (1962). In this film, Antoine begins his relationship with Christine Darbon, which is depicted further in the last two films in the series, Bed & Board (1970) and Love on the Run (1979).

<i>Phantom of the Opera</i> (1943 film) 1943 horror film directed by Arthur Lubin

Phantom of the Opera is a 1943 American romantic horror film directed by Arthur Lubin, loosely based on Gaston Leroux's 1910 novel The Phantom of the Opera and its 1925 film adaptation starring Lon Chaney. Produced and distributed by Universal Pictures, the film stars Nelson Eddy, Susanna Foster and Claude Rains, and was composed by Edward Ward.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patty McCormack</span> American actress

Patricia McCormack is an American actress with a career in theater, films, and television.

<i>Throw Momma from the Train</i> 1987 American comedy film directed by Danny DeVito

Throw Momma from the Train is a 1987 American crime comedy film starring and directed by Danny DeVito in his theatrical directorial debut. The film co-stars Billy Crystal, Anne Ramsey, Rob Reiner, Branford Marsalis, Kim Greist and Kate Mulgrew.

<i>Christine</i> (1983 film) Supernatural film by John Carpenter

Christine is a 1983 American supernatural horror film directed by John Carpenter and starring Keith Gordon, John Stockwell, Alexandra Paul, Robert Prosky and Harry Dean Stanton. The film also features supporting performances from Roberts Blossom and Kelly Preston.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhoda Penmark</span> Fictional character

Rhoda Penmark is a fictional character in William March's 1954 novel The Bad Seed and the stage play of the same name adapted from it by Maxwell Anderson. She is both the protagonist and antagonist of the story. Penmark is a child serial killer and psychopath who manipulates those around her. She was portrayed by Patty McCormack in the original rendition of the play and later in the 1956 film adaptation. She was also portrayed by Carrie Wells in the 1985 made-for-television adaptation. In the 2018 adaptation and its sequel, she is known as Emma Grossman and portrayed by Mckenna Grace.

<i>Arthur 2: On the Rocks</i> 1988 sequel to the 1981 film Arthur directed by Bud Yorkin

Arthur 2: On the Rocks is a 1988 American romantic comedy film and the sequel to the 1981 film Arthur. Lead actors Dudley Moore and Liza Minnelli reprised their roles. John Gielgud, who won an Academy Award for his role in the original film, reappears briefly in a vision to Arthur during a drunken stupor. The film features Kathy Bates as a woman who helps Arthur and Linda adopt a baby. Almost the entire cast from the first film reprised their roles, except for Jill Eikenberry, who was committed to filming L.A. Law at the time; the character of Susan Johnson was portrayed by Cynthia Sikes instead.

<i>The Wicker Man</i> (2006 film) 2006 film

The Wicker Man is a 2006 horror film written and directed by Neil LaBute and starring Nicolas Cage. It is a remake and reimagining of the 1973 British film The Wicker Man, but also draws from its source material, David Pinner's 1967 novel Ritual. The film concerns police officer Edward Malus, whose ex-fiancée Willow Woodward informs him that her daughter Rowan has disappeared and asks for his help in her search. When he arrives at the island in the Pacific Northwest where Rowan was last seen, he suspects something sinister about the neo-pagans who live there. The film received negative reviews and grossed $38.8 million.

<i>Lipstick</i> (1976 film) 1976 film by Lamont Johnson

Lipstick is a 1976 American rape and revenge thriller film directed by Lamont Johnson and starring Margaux Hemingway, Chris Sarandon, and Anne Bancroft. Mariel Hemingway also has a supporting role as Margaux's onscreen sister. The film follows a fashion model who is raped by her sister's music teacher. Upon his acquittal in court, he rapes her sister, leading her to enact a brutal revenge.

<i>Breathless</i> (1983 film) 1983 American drama film directed by Jim McBride

Breathless is a 1983 American neo-noir romantic thriller film directed by Jim McBride, written by McBride and L. M. Kit Carson, and starring Richard Gere and Valérie Kaprisky. It is a remake of the 1960 French film of the same name directed by Jean-Luc Godard and written by Godard and François Truffaut. The original film is about an American woman and a French criminal in Paris, while the remake is vice versa in Los Angeles.

<i>The Bad Seed</i> (play)

The Bad Seed is a 1954 play by American playwright Maxwell Anderson, adapted from the 1954 novel of the same name by American writer William March.

Mommy is a 1995 American low budget thriller starring Patty McCormack as a mother who is psychotically obsessed with her 12-year-old daughter Jessica Ann.

<i>The Grasshopper</i> (1970 film) 1970 film by Jerry Paris

The Grasshopper is a 1970 drama film directed by Jerry Paris. It stars Jacqueline Bisset, Jim Brown, Joseph Cotten and Christopher Stone. Penny Marshall appears in a small role.

<i>Seed of Chucky</i> 2004 American black comedy slasher film by Don Mancini

Seed of Chucky is a 2004 black comedy slasher film, the fifth installment of the Child's Play series, and sequel to 1998's Bride of Chucky as well as the first film to be distributed by another company since the original Child's Play. The film was written and directed by Don Mancini, who created the series and has written all of the films, and stars Jennifer Tilly, Redman, Hannah Spearritt, John Waters, Billy Boyd and Brad Dourif. With this entry, Mancini made his directorial debut. The film is set six years after Bride of Chucky and follows a young doll named Glen, the son of Chucky and Tiffany, resurrecting his parents, causing chaos.

<i>The Bad Seed</i> (1985 film) 1985 television film by Paul Wendkos

The Bad Seed is a 1985 American made-for-television horror film directed by Paul Wendkos for ABC Television. It is based on the 1954 novel by William March and is a remake of the 1956 movie directed by Mervyn LeRoy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mckenna Grace</span> American actress (born 2006)

Mckenna Grace is an American actress. Born in Grapevine, Texas, she began acting professionally at age five and relocated to Los Angeles, California, as a child. Her earliest roles included Jasmine Bernstein in the Disney XD sitcom Crash & Bernstein (2012–2014) and Faith Newman in the soap opera The Young and the Restless (2013–2015). After several small roles, she starred as a child prodigy in Gifted (2017), a breakthrough for which she received a nomination for the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Young Performer.

<i>The Bad Seed</i> (2018 film) 2018 television film

The Bad Seed is a 2018 American made-for-television horror drama film directed by Rob Lowe for Lifetime. Lowe is also executive producer and stars in the film, alongside Mckenna Grace, Sarah Dugdale, Marci T. House, Lorne Cardinal, Chris Shields, Cara Buono, and a special appearance by Patty McCormack. The horror thriller is based on the 1954 novel by William March, the 1954 play, and the 1956 film. The Bad Seed originally aired on Lifetime on September 9, 2018. This is the second remake of the film, the first being a 1985 film.

<i>The Bad Seed Returns</i> 2022 horror drama film

The Bad Seed Returns is an American made-for-television horror drama film directed by Louise Archambault, written by Ross Burge, Mckenna Grace, and Barbara Marshall, and starring Mckenna Grace, Michelle Morgan, Benjamin Ayres, Marlowe Zimmerman, Jude Wilson, Gabriela Bee, Ella Dixon, Marlee Walchuk, Lorne Cardinal, and a special appearance by Patty McCormack. It is the sequel to the 2018 television film The Bad Seed, which was both a remake of the 1956 film, as well as having been adapted from William March's 1954 novel. The film premiered on Lifetime on September 5, 2022.

References

  1. 'The Top Box-Office Hits of 1956', Variety , January 2, 1957.
  2. Cruel Children in Popular Texts and Cultures; ISBN   978-3-030-10179-4 p. 294
  3. 1 2 "The Bad Seed". AFI. American Film Institute. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  4. "Inflation Calculator". Dollar Times. H Brothers, Inc. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  5. Writing the Horror Movie ISBN   978-1-441-19618-7 p. 28
  6. 1 2 "The Bad Seed", Turner Classic Movies; retrieved February 11, 2014.
  7. BRITISH. FILMS MADE MOST MONEY: BOX-OFFICE SURVEY
    The Manchester Guardian (1901-1956), 28 Dec 1956: pg. 3
  8. "The Bad Seed (1956) - Rotten Tomatoes". Rotten Tomatoes.com. Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  9. "The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners". Oscars.org (Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences). Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
  10. "The Bad Seed – Golden Globes". HFPA . Retrieved July 5, 2021.
  11. "AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills Nominees" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-08-20.
  12. "Nick Cave Online". nick-cave.com. Retrieved 2009-06-25.
  13. "Lifetime's Next TV Movie: A Remake of 'The Bad Seed' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. 29 June 2015. Retrieved Sep 18, 2019.
  14. "'The Bad Seed': TV Review". The Hollywood Reporter. 7 September 2018. Retrieved Sep 18, 2019.