Tragulina

Tragulina Temporal range: Early Eocene–Present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Greater Mouse-deer (Tragulus napu)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Artiodactyla
Suborder:	Ruminantia
Infraorder:	Tragulina Flower, 1883 [1]
Families
See text

Tragulina (also known as Traguliformes) is an infraorder of even-toed ungulates. Only the chevrotains survive to the present, including the genera Tragulus (the mouse deer) and Hyemoschus , all within the family Tragulidae.

Taxonomy and classification

Leptomeryx

Tragulina is an infraorder within the larger suborder Ruminantia, and is the sister clade to the infraorder Pecora. Tragulina contains one extant (living) family, Tragulidae, as well as several extinct families, although the extinct members currently classified as within Tragulina causes it to be considered paraphyletic. ^[2]

Tragulina's placement within Artiodactyla can be represented in the following cladogram: ^{[3] [4] [5] [6] [7]}

Artiodactyla	Tylopoda (camels) Artiofabula Suina (pigs) Cetruminantia Ruminantia  (ruminants) Tragulina Tragulidae (mouse deer) Pecora (horn bearers) Cetancodonta/Whippomorpha Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses) Cetacea (whales)

The following is the taxonomy of the group Tragulina. ^[8]

• Infrarorder TRAGULINA
  • †Praetragulidae
    • Praetragulus
    • Parvitragulus
    • Simimeryx
  • †Archaeomerycidae
    • Archaeomeryx
    • Miomeryx
    • Paukkaungmeryx
  • †Gelocidae
    • Phaneromeryx
    • Paragelocus
    • Paragelocus
    • Gelocus
    • Pseudogelocus
    • Prodremotherium
    • Cryptomeryx
    • Pseudoceras
    • Gobiomeryx
    • Rutitherium
    • Eumeryx
  • †Hypertragulidae ^[9]
    • Hypertragulus
    • Nanotragulus
    • Hypisodontinae
      • Hypisodus
  • †Leptomerycidae
    • Hendryomeryx
    • Leptomeryx
    • Xinjiangmeryx
    • Pseudomeryx
    • Pseudoparablastomeryx
    • Pronodens
  • †Lophiomerycidae
    • Zhailimeryx
    • Lophiomeryx
    • Krabimeryx
  • †Bachitheriidae
    • Bachitherium
  • Tragulidae – chevrotains or mouse-deer
    • Tragulus
    • Hyemoschus
    • Moschiola
    • † Dorcatherium
    • † Dorcabune
    • † Afrotragulus
    • † Siamotragulus
    • † Yunnanotherium
    • † Archaeotragulus
    • † Iberomeryx
    • † Nalameryx

References

1. "The Paleobiology Database" . Retrieved May 9, 2010.
2. Clauss, M.; Rossner, G. E. (2014). "Old world ruminant morphophysiology, life history, and fossil record: exploring key innovations of a diversification sequence" (PDF). Annales Zoologici Fennici. 51 (1–2): 80–94. doi:10.5735/086.051.0210. S2CID   85347098.
3. Beck, N.R. (2006). "A higher-level MRP supertree of placental mammals". BMC Evol Biol. 6: 93. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-6-93 . PMC   1654192 . PMID   17101039.
4. O'Leary, M.A.; Bloch, J.I.; Flynn, J.J.; Gaudin, T.J.; Giallombardo, A.; Giannini, N.P.; Goldberg, S.L.; Kraatz, B.P.; Luo, Z.-X.; Meng, J.; Ni, X.; Novacek, M.J.; Perini, F.A.; Randall, Z.S.; Rougier, G.W.; Sargis, E.J.; Silcox, M.T.; Simmons, N.B.; Spaulding, M.; Velazco, P.M.; Weksler, M.; Wible, J.R.; Cirranello, A.L. (2013). "The Placental Mammal Ancestor and the Post-K-Pg Radiation of Placentals". Science. 339 (6120): 662–667. Bibcode:2013Sci...339..662O. doi:10.1126/science.1229237. hdl: 11336/7302 . PMID   23393258. S2CID   206544776.
5. Song, S.; Liu, L.; Edwards, S.V.; Wu, S. (2012). "Resolving conflict in eutherian mammal phylogeny using phylogenomics and the multispecies coalescent model". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (37): 14942–14947. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10914942S. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1211733109 . PMC   3443116 . PMID   22930817.
6. dos Reis, M.; Inoue, J.; Hasegawa, M.; Asher, R.J.; Donoghue, P.C.J.; Yang, Z. (2012). "Phylogenomic datasets provide both precision and accuracy in estimating the timescale of placental mammal phylogeny". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1742): 3491–3500. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2012.0683 . PMC   3396900 . PMID   22628470.
7. Upham, N.S.; Esselstyn, J.A.; Jetz, W. (2019). "Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution, and conservation". PLOS Biology. 17 (12): e3000494. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494 . PMC   6892540 . PMID   31800571.(see e.g. Fig S10)
8. "WikiLingue" . Retrieved May 11, 2010.
9. Vislobokova, I. A. (2001). Evolution and classification of Tragulina (Ruminantia, Artiodactyla). Paleontological Journal, 35(January 2001), S69–S145.