Tremella tremelloides

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Tremella tremelloides
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Tremellomycetes
Order: Tremellales
Family: Tremellaceae
Genus: Tremella
Species:
T. tremelloides
Binomial name
Tremella tremelloides
(Berk.} Massee (1889)
Synonyms

Sparassis tremelloidesBerk. (1873)

Tremella tremelloides is a species of fungus in the order Tremellales. It produces yellowish, brain-like to densely lobed, gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) and is parasitic on Stereum basidiocarps on dead branches of broadleaved trees. It was originally described from the USA.

Contents

Taxonomy

The species was first published in 1873 by British mycologist Miles Joseph Berkeley who placed it in the genus Sparassis , interpreting the lobes as compacted branches. [1] It was subsequently transferred to Tremella by George Edward Massee in 1889. American mycologist Robert Joseph Bandoni restudied collections in 1961, placing Naematelia quercina in synonymy and noting a similarity between Tremella tremelloides on broadleaf trees and Naematelia encephala on conifers. [2] As a parasite of Stereum fruit bodies, Tremella tremelloides belongs in the genus Naematelia , but the species has not as yet undergone DNA sequencing to confirm this.

Description

Fruit bodies are gelatinous, hemispherical at first becoming lobed, the lobes often flattened and compact, yellowish, with a denser whitish core when sectioned. Microscopically, the hyphae have clamp connections. The basidia are tremelloid (globose to subglobose, with oblique to vertical septa) and unstalked, 4-celled, 14 to 22 by 12 to 18 μm. The basidiospores are subglobose, smooth, 9 to 12 by 9 to 11 μm. [2]

Similar species

Naematelia aurantia occurs on Stereum hirsutum on broadleaved trees and is macroscopically similar, though typically larger and more brightly coloured. It can be distinguished microscopically by having stalked, ellipsoid to clavate (club-shaped) basidia. Naematelia encephala is very similar but is typically pinkish and occurs as a parasite of Stereum sanguinolentum on conifers. [2]

Habitat and distribution

Tremella tremelloides is a parasite on fruit bodies of Stereum species on broadleaved trees. The type collection was on oak ( Quercus species) [3] and at least some records are from Stereum complicatum . [4] [5] It was described from South Carolina, but has also been reported from Iowa, Louisiana, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. [2]

Related Research Articles

<i>Phaeotremella frondosa</i> Species of fungus

Phaeotremella frondosa is a species of fungus in the family Phaeotremellaceae producing brownish, frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps. It is widespread in north temperate regions, and is parasitic on other species of fungi that grow on dead attached and recently fallen branches of broadleaf trees.

<i>Phaeotremella foliacea</i> Species of fungus

Phaeotremella foliacea is a species of fungus in the family Phaeotremellaceae. It produces brownish, frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on the mycelium of Stereum sanguinolentum, a fungus that grows on dead attached and recently fallen branches of conifers. It is widespread in north temperate regions. In the UK it has the recommended English name leafy brain and has also been called jelly leaf and brown witch's butter. Prior to 2017, the name Tremella foliacea was also applied to similar-looking species on broadleaf trees, now distinguished as Phaeotremella frondosa and Phaeotremella fimbriata.

<i>Naematelia</i> Genus of fungi

Naematelia is a genus of fungi in the family Naemateliaceae. All Naematelia species are parasites of other fungi and produce anamorphic yeast states. When produced, Basidiocarps ,, are gelatinous and are colloquially classed among the "jelly fungi."Four species of Naematelia are currently recognized worldwide. One species, Naematelia aurantialba, is commercially cultivated for food.

<i>Naematelia aurantia</i> Species of yellow, parasitic fungus

Naematelia aurantia is a species of fungus producing yellow, frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps. It is widespread in north temperate regions and is parasitic on another species of fungus that grows on dead attached and recently fallen branches of broadleaf trees. It is commonly called golden ear in North America.

<i>Naematelia encephala</i> Species of fungus

Naematelia encephala is a species of fungus producing pink, brain-like, gelatinous basidiocarps. It is widespread in north temperate regions and is parasitic on another species of fungus that grows on dead attached and recently fallen branches of conifers. In the UK, its recommended English name is conifer brain.

Phaeotremella fimbriata is a species of fungus in the family Phaeotremellaceae. It produces blackish, frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on the mycelium of Stereum rugosum, a fungus that grows on dead attached and recently fallen branches of broad-leaved trees. It is widespread in northern Europe. Prior to 2017, the species was generally considered a synonym of Tremella foliacea, but this latter species is restricted to conifers. Phaeotremella frondosa is a similar-looking but paler, brown species on broad-leaved trees and occurs in North America as well as Europe.

<i>Tremella iduensis</i> Species of fungus

Tremella iduensis is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces yellow, cornute-frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi, probably species of Hypoxylon on dead attached and recently fallen branches of broad-leaved trees. It has been recorded from Japan and China. Tremella flava, described from Taiwan, may be a synonym.

Tremella dysenterica is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces bright yellow, red-spotted, lobed to subfrondose, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from Brazil and has been recorded elsewhere in the neotropics and in Africa.

Tremella fibulifera is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces soft, whitish, lobed to frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from Brazil.

Tremella wrightii is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces light brown to orange-brown, lobed, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from Cuba.

<i>Tremella vesiculosa</i> Species of fungus

Tremella vesiculosa is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces light brown, lobed, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from New Zealand.

Tremella samoensis is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces red to orange-yellow, lobed to firmly foliaceous, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from Samoa and the Philippines, but is widely distributed in the region.

Tremella brasiliensis is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces yellow, lobed to firmly foliaceous, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from Brazil.

Tremella roseolutescens is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces rose-pink to salmon, pustular, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead attached branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from Costa Rica.

Tremella salmonea is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces pale orange to salmon, foliose, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on wood of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from China.

Tremella armeniaca is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces orange to apricot, lobed, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from Costa Rica.

Tremella coffeicolor is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces brown, lobed to foliaceous, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on other fungi on dead branches of broad-leaved trees. It was originally described from Bermuda, where it was collected as part of the Challenger expedition.

Tremella versicolor is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces small, pustular, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on the basidiocarps of Peniophora species, a genus of corticioid fungi, on dead attached or recently fallen branches. It was originally described from England.

Tremella exigua is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces small, dark, pustular, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on pyrenomycetous fungi on dead branches of trees and shrubs. It was originally described from France.

Tremella mesenterella is a species of fungus in the family Tremellaceae. It produces yellowish to reddish brown, foliose, gelatinous basidiocarps and is parasitic on corticioid fungi on dead branches of broadleaf trees and shrubs. It was originally described from Canada.

References

  1. ↑ Berkeley MJ (1873). "Notices of North American fungi". Grevillea. 2 (13): 3–7.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Bandoni RJ. (1961). "The genus Naematelia". American Midland Naturalist. 66 (2): 319–328. doi:10.2307/2423032. JSTOR   2423032.
  3. ↑ "Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Herbtrack Accession Detail".
  4. ↑ "Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Herbtrack Accession Detail".
  5. ↑ "Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Herbtrack Accession Detail".


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