Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus

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Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus
Mangrove Pit Viper.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Viperidae
Genus: Trimeresurus
Species:
T. purpureomaculatus
Binomial name
Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus
(Gray, 1832)
Synonyms
  • Trigonocephalus
    purpureo-maculatus
    Gray, 1832
  • Trimesurus purpureusGray, 1842
  • Trimesurus carinatusGray, 1842
  • C[ryptelytrops]. carinatus
    Cope, 1860
  • [Trimesurus] porphyraceus
    Blyth, 1861
  • Trimeresurus purpureus
    Günther, 1864
  • T[rimeresurus]. carinatus
    Theobald, 1868
  • Crotalus Trimeres[urus]. carinatus Higgins, 1873
  • Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus
    Boulenger, 1890
  • Lachesis purpureomaculatus
    Boulenger, 1896
  • Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus
    M.A. Smith, 1943
  • Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus purpureomaculatus
    M.A. Smith, 1943 [2]
  • Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus
    Malhotra & Thorpe, 2004
  • Trimeresurus (Trimeresurus) purpureomaculatus David et al. [3]

Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus is a venomous pit viper species native to India, Bangladesh and Southeast Asia. Common names include: mangrove pit viper, [4] mangrove viper, [5] and shore pit viper. [6]

Contents

Description

Males grow to a total length of 66.5 centimetres (26.2 in), females 90 centimetres (35 in). The maximum tail lengths are then 12.5 centimetres (4.9 in) and 14 centimetres (5.5 in) respectively. [7]

Small individual from Singapore Shore pit viper from Singapore.jpg
Small individual from Singapore

Scales in 25-27 longitudinal rows at midbody; 11-13 upper labials, the first partially or completely united with the nasal; supraocular very narrow, sometimes broken into small scales, 12-15 scales between them; head scales small, subequal, tuberculate or granular; temporal scales keeled. [7]

Body color highly variable: above olive, grayish, to dark purplish brown; below whitish, greenish or brown, uniform or spotted with brown; a light line on scale row one bordering ventrals present or absent; head olive, heavily suffused with brown. [7]

Ventrals: males 160-179, females 168-183; subcaudals: males 74-76, females 56-63, paired; hemipenes without spines. [7]

Common names

Mangrove pit viper, [4] mangrove viper, [5] shore pit viper, purple-spotted pit viper, [6] shore pitviper. [8]

Geographic range

Found in Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, West Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia (Sumatra and Java). The type locality is listed as "Singapore". [2]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Craspedocephalus gramineus</i> Species of snake

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<i>Trimeresurus popeiorum</i> Species of snake

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<i>Trimeresurus septentrionalis</i> Species of snake

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<i>Trimeresurus stejnegeri</i> Species of snake

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<i>Trimeresurus andersonii</i> Species of snake

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<i>Trimeresurus kanburiensis</i> Species of snake

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<i>Trimeresurus sumatranus</i> Species of snake

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<i>Trimeresurus mcgregori</i> Species of snake

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References

  1. Vogel, G.; Grismer, L. & Chan-Ard, T. (2012). "Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . IUCN. 2012: e.T192188A2052944. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T192188A2052944.en . Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  2. 1 2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN   1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN   1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  3. The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  4. 1 2 Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. ISBN   0-8069-6460-X.
  5. 1 2 U.S. Navy. 1991. Poisonous Snakes of the World. US Govt. New York: Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. ISBN   0-486-26629-X.
  6. 1 2 Brown JH. 1973. Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73-229. ISBN   0-398-02808-7.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Leviton AE, Wogan GOU, Koo MS, Zug GR, Lucas RS, Vindum JV. 2003. The Dangerously Venomous Snakes of Myanmar, Illustrated Checklist with Keys. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 54 (24): 407-462.
  8. Gumprecht A, Tillack F, Orlov NL, Captain A, Ryabov S. 2004. Asian Pitvipers. Geitje Books. Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. ISBN   3-937975-00-4.

Further reading