Trochulus hispidus

Last updated

Trochulus hispidus
Trochulus hispidus live.jpg
A live individual of Trochulus hispidus (an older adult with most of the hairs worn off of the shell)
Trochulus hispidus 01.JPG
Five views of a shell of Trochulus hispidus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
(unranked):
clade Heterobranchia
clade Euthyneura
clade Panpulmonata
clade Eupulmonata
clade Stylommatophora
informal group Sigmurethra
Superfamily:
Family:
Subfamily:
Tribe:
Genus:
Species:
T. hispida
Binomial name
Trochulus hispidus
(Linnaeus, 1758) [2]
Synonyms [3]

Trichia hispida
Trochulus sericeus (Draparnaud, 1801) [4]
Trichia sericea (Draparnaud, 1801)

Contents

Trochulus hispidus, previously known as Trichia hispida, common name, the "hairy snail", is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.

Distribution

This species occurs in a number of European countries and islands including:

Western Europe:

Northern Europe:

Central Europe:

Southern Europe:

Eastern Europe:

Description

The 3-6 x 5-11 mm shell has 5-6 moderately convex whorls which are rounded or very slightly keeled at the periphery. The aperture has a thin white lip inside. The umbilicus is open and usually wide at 1/8-1/4 of shell diameter. In colour the shell is brown to cream, sometimes with a light band at the periphery. The periostracum is irregularly striated, and densely covered with short (0.2-0.3 mm), curved hairs. These hairs usually remain in the umbilicus if worn away from the rest of the shell. Lost hairs leave pronounced scars. [6]

The animal is brownish grey with a darker anterior part. [6]

Scanning electron micrograph of the love dart of Trochulus hispidus, Upper image is lateral view - scale bar 500 mm (0.5 mm). Lower image is a cross-section near the base - scale bar 50 mm. Trichia hispida SEM dart.jpg
Scanning electron micrograph of the love dart of Trochulus hispidus, Upper image is lateral view - scale bar 500 μm (0.5 mm). Lower image is a cross-section near the base - scale bar 50 μm.

Anatomy

This species of snail creates and uses love darts before mating. The love dart of this species is thorn-shaped.

Shepeleva (2014) studied eyes of Trochulus hispidus. [7]

Ecology

The size of the egg is 1.5 mm. [8]

A hairy snail was found in the plumage of a great tit (Parus major) wintering in southwestern Poland in 2010. This passerine was the smallest bird species reported to carry a gastropod. [9]

Related Research Articles

<i>Helix</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Helix is a genus of large, air-breathing land snails native to the western Palaearctic and characterized by a globular shell. It is the type genus of the family Helicidae, and one of the animal genera described by Carl Linnaeus. Members of the genus first appeared during the Miocene. Well-known species include Helix pomatia and Helix lucorum. Cornu aspersum, though externally similar and long classified as a member of Helix, is not closely related to Helix and belongs to a different tribe of Helicinae.

<i>Helicigona lapicida</i> Species of gastropod

Helicigona lapicida is a species of medium-sized, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the typical snails.

<i>Trochulus</i> Genus of gastropods

Trochulus is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily subfamily Trochulininae of the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.

Trochulus caelatus is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.

<i>Trochulus graminicola</i> Species of gastropod

Trochulus graminicola is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies. This species is endemic to Germany.

<i>Noricella oreinos</i> Species of gastropod

Noricella oreinos is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies. This species is endemic to Austria.

<i>Bathyomphalus contortus</i> Species of gastropod

Bathyomphalus contortus is a species of small air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails and their allies.

<i>Helicella itala</i> Species of gastropod

Helicella itala is a species of medium-sized, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Geomitridae, the hairy snails and their allies.

<i>Helicodonta obvoluta</i> Species of gastropod

Helicodonta obvoluta is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicodontidae.

<i>Plicuteria</i> Genus of gastropods

Plicuteria lubomirski is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies. The species is named after the Polish nobleman and shell collector Władysław Emanuel Lubomirski.

<i>Trochulus striolatus</i> Species of gastropod

Trochulus striolatus, previously known as Trichia striolata, common name the "strawberry snail," is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae.

<i>Pupilla muscorum</i> Species of gastropod

Pupilla muscorum, commonly known as the Moss Chrysalis snail or widespread column, is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Pupillidae.

Lozekia transsilvanica is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies. This species is also known as Hygromia transsylvanica.

Trochulus clandestinus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Pall-Gergely B. (2013). "Trochulus hispidus". In: IUCN 2014. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 July 2014.
  2. Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. pp. [1-4], 1-824. Holmiae. (Salvius).
  3. Proćków, Małgorzata; Kuźnik-Kowalska, Elżbieta; Mackiewicz, Paweł (2017-08-01). "Phenotypic plasticity can explain evolution of sympatric polymorphism in the hairy snail Trochulus hispidus (Linnaeus, 1758)". Current Zoology. 63 (4): 389–402. doi:10.1093/cz/zow082. ISSN   1674-5507. PMC   5804198 . PMID   29491999.
  4. Draparnaud J. P. R. 1801. Tableau des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la France. pp. [1-2], 1-116. Montpellier, Paris. (Renaud; Bossange, Masson & Besson).
  5. Balashov I. & Gural-Sverlova N. 2012. An annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs of Ukraine. Journal of Conchology. 41 (1): 91-109.
  6. 1 2 "Species summary for Trochulus hispidus". AnimalBase, last modified 4 January 2014, accessed 28 June 2014.
  7. (in Russian) Shepeleva I. P. (2014). "Сравнительный анализ камерных глаз брюхоногих легочных моллюсков Trochulus hispidus (Linnaeus, 1758) из Южной Швеции и Калининградской области (Stylommatophora, Hygromiidae). A comparative analysis of the camera eyes of gastropod pulmonate mollusk Trochulus hispidus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the South Sweden and Kaliningrad Region (Stylommatophora, Hygromiidae)". Ruthenica24(2): 123-127 PDF.
  8. Heller J.: Life History Strategies. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs . CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN   0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited page: 428.
  9. Rusiecki S. & Rusiecka A. 2013. Hairy snail Trochulus hispidus (Linnaeus, 1758) in flight - a note on avian dispersal of snails. Folia Malacologica 21(2):111-112.

Further reading