Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | June 17,2013 |
Dissipated | June 20,2013 |
Tropical storm | |
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS) | |
Highest winds | 45 mph (75 km/h) |
Lowest pressure | 1003 mbar (hPa);29.62 inHg |
Overall effects | |
Fatalities | 5 total |
Damage | $256 million (2013 USD) |
Areas affected | Central America,Mexico |
IBTrACS | |
Part of the 2013 Atlantic hurricane season |
Tropical Storm Barry was a weak and short-lived tropical cyclone that brought heavy rains to parts of Central America and Mexico in June 2013. Barry originated from a tropical wave that developed in the southern Caribbean Sea. The wave tracked northwestward and began to develop in marginally favorable conditions. On June 17,the disturbance was upgraded to Tropical Depression Two by the National Hurricane Center. Due to its close proximity to land,the system failed to intensify before crossing the southern Yucatán Peninsula. The depression emerged over the Bay of Campeche late on June 18 and became increasingly organized. During the afternoon of June 19,data from Hurricane Hunters revealed the system had intensified into a tropical storm. The newly named Barry attained peak winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) before making landfall in Veracruz,Mexico on June 20. Once onshore,the storm quickly weakened and degenerated into a remnant low that night.
Areas from northern Nicaragua to South-Central Mexico experienced heavy rains from the storm,with notable flooding occurring in many areas. Swollen rivers displaced thousands in Veracruz and killed two people,while two others were killed by a river in Oaxaca. In El Salvador,one person was killed by flooding.
On June 8, a tropical wave exited the west coast of Africa, moving quickly westward without development. [1] During the evening hours of June 15, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began monitoring a large area of disturbed weather in association with a tropical wave over the southwestern Caribbean Sea. [2] That day, a low pressure area developed just north of Panama. [1] Drifting west-northwest, environmental conditions were expected to be favorable for organization, [3] but the system moved over eastern Nicaragua on June 16. Despite moving over land, the circulation and convection became better organized, and after it emerged over open waters, the system developed into Tropical Depression Two at 1200 UTC on June 17 about 25 mi (45 km) north-northwest of La Ceiba, Honduras. [1] Located about 60 mi (95 km) east of Monkey River Town, Belize, [4] the depression was not expected to undergo significant strengthening. [5] Failing to intensify, the depression made landfall in southern Belize near Big Creek late on June 17 with winds estimated at 35 mph (55 km/h). [1] [6] Despite a waning structure, the NHC noted that if the system emerged into the Bay of Campeche, re-development and intensification was plausible. [7]
While traversing the southern Yucatán Peninsula, the system nearly degenerated into a remnant low during the afternoon of June 18; however, as it neared water, sufficient convection redeveloped to maintain the system as a tropical depression. [8] The circulation contracted over land and emerged into the warm waters of the Bay of Campeche that day. [1] The system became increasingly organized as it turned westward in response to a mid-level ridge over the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. [9] A Hurricane Hunter reconnaissance mission into the depression during the afternoon of June 19 revealed gale-force winds, prompting the NHC to upgrade and name the system Tropical Storm Barry. [10] Based on a reconnaissance flight and Dvorak estimates, it was estimated that Barry attained peak winds of 75 km/h (45 mph) late on June 19. [1] At 1115 UTC on June 20, Barry made landfall at Laguna La Mancha, just north of Veracruz, Mexico. [1] [11] Hours after moving inland, Barry weakened to a tropical depression as it interacted with the high terrain of Mexico. [12] The center of circulation became increasingly ill-defined, with the majority of convection located well away from the center. [13] Late on June 20, Barry dissipated over the Mexican state of Puebla. [1]
The precursor to Barry produced significant rains in Nicaragua, causing flooding in 14 districts in the North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region. [14] Heavy rains in Honduras, peaking at 4 in (100 mm) in La Ceiba, [15] resulted in floods that damaged 60 homes and affected 300 people. [16] Several landslides occurred in Iriona, blocking off roadways. A likely tornado struck the community of Limón, destroying 9 homes and damaging 91 more. Four people were injured when their home was lifted and dropped back down. [15] In southern Belize, an estimated 10 in (250 mm) of rain fell in 24 hours, causing several rivers to top their banks. In some areas, culverts were washed away. At least 54 people living along Hope Creek were relocated to shelters. [17] In El Salvador, six minors were swept away by a flooded creek; five were quickly rescued but one remains missing and is presumed killed. Two people were injured after being struck by lightning. [1] [18] In the Mexican state of Yucatán, wind gusts to 48 mph (77 km/h) and heavy rains downed trees and power lines. [19] More than 26,000 residents temporarily lost hydroelectric power after lightning struck a power station and caused a fire. [20]
As Tropical Depression Two emerged into the Bay of Campeche on June 18, the Government of Mexico issued a tropical storm watch for coastal areas between Punta El Lagarto and Barra Da Nautla. [21] The watch was upgraded to a tropical storm warning early on June 19. [22] Following the storm's intensification that day, the warning was expanded northward to Tuxpan. [23] Officials dispatched 34,250 workers to set up refugee camps throughout the state. [24] Across Veracruz, approximately 2,000 people sought refuge in shelters. [25]
Heavy rains in Veracruz, peaking at 14.6 in (370 mm) in Misantla, [26] brought more than a dozen rivers to critical levels and triggered flash floods that killed two people. [25] [27] As a precautionary measure, officials urged 4,000 residents along La Antigua River to evacuate. [25] Several landslides occurred in the states of Guerrero and Puebla. [28] [29] Two people were swept away by a river in Oaxaca. [1] Total damage in Veracruz was estimated to be MXN$4.531 billion (US$256 million). [30]
The 1995 Atlantic hurricane season was a very active Atlantic hurricane season, and is considered to be the start of an ongoing era of high-activity tropical cyclone formation. The season produced twenty-one tropical cyclones, nineteen named storms, as well as eleven hurricanes and five major hurricanes. The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin. The first tropical cyclone, Hurricane Allison, developed on June 2, while the season's final storm, Hurricane Tanya, transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on November 1. The very active Atlantic hurricane activity in 1995 was caused by La Niña conditions, which also influenced an inactive Pacific hurricane season. It was tied with 1887 Atlantic hurricane season with 19 named storms, which was later equalled by the 2010, 2011, and 2012 seasons.
The 2000 Atlantic hurricane season was a fairly active hurricane season, but featured the latest first named storm in a hurricane season since 1992. The hurricane season officially began on June 1, and ended on November 30. It was slightly above average due to a La Niña weather pattern although most of the storms were weak. It was also the only season to have two of the storms affect Ireland. The first cyclone, Tropical Depression One, developed in the southern Gulf of Mexico on June 7 and dissipated after an uneventful duration. However, it would be almost two months before the first named storm, Alberto, formed near Cape Verde; Alberto also dissipated with no effects on land. Several other tropical cyclones—Tropical Depression Two, Tropical Depression Four, Chris, Ernesto, Nadine, and an unnamed subtropical storm—did not impact land. Five additional storms—Tropical Depression Nine, Florence, Isaac, Joyce, and Leslie—minimally affected land areas.
The 1999 Atlantic hurricane season was a fairly active season, mostly due to a persistent La Niña that developed in the latter half of 1998. It had five Category 4 hurricanes – the highest number recorded in a single season in the Atlantic basin, previously tied in 1933 and 1961, and later tied in 2005 and 2020. The season officially began on June 1, and ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. The first storm, Arlene, formed on June 11 to the southeast of Bermuda. It meandered slowly for a week and caused no impact on land. Other tropical cyclones that did not affect land were Hurricane Cindy, Tropical Storm Emily, and Tropical Depression Twelve. Localized or otherwise minor damage occurred from Hurricanes Bret, Gert, and Jose, and tropical storms Harvey and Katrina.
Tropical Storm Gert was the fourth of seven tropical cyclones to make landfall in Mexico during 2005. It formed in July in the Bay of Campeche, becoming the seventh named storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season.
The 2007 Pacific hurricane season was a well below-average Pacific hurricane season, featuring only one major hurricane. The season officially started on May 15 in the eastern Pacific and on June 1 in the central Pacific, and ended on November 30; these dates conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the region. The first tropical cyclone of the season, Alvin, developed on May 27, while the final system of the year, Kiko, dissipated on October 23. Due to unusually strong wind shear, activity fell short of the long-term average, with a total of 11 named storms, 4 hurricanes, and 1 major hurricane. At the time, 2007 featured the second-lowest value of the Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index since reliable records began in 1971. Two tropical cyclones – Cosme and Flossie – crossed into the central Pacific basin during the year, activity below the average of 4 to 5 systems.
Hurricane Wilma was the most intense tropical cyclone in the Atlantic basin on record in terms of minimum barometric pressure, with an atmospheric pressure of 882 millibars (26.0 inHg). Wilma's destructive journey began in the second week of October 2005. A large area of disturbed weather developed across much of the Caribbean and gradually organized to the southeast of Jamaica. By late on October 15, the system was sufficiently organized for the National Hurricane Center to designate it as Tropical Depression Twenty-Four.
The meteorological history of Hurricane Dean began in the second week of August 2007 when a vigorous tropical wave moved off the west coast of Africa into the North Atlantic ocean. Although the wave initially experienced strong easterly wind shear, it quickly moved into an environment better suited for tropical development and gained organization. On the morning of August 13, the National Hurricane Center recognized the system's organization and designated it Tropical Depression Four while it was still more than 1,500 mi (2,400 km) east of the Lesser Antilles.
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Hurricane Ernesto was a Category 2 hurricane and a damaging tropical cyclone that affected several Caribbean Islands and areas of Central America during August 2012. The fifth named storm and second hurricane of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season, Ernesto originated from a tropical wave that emerged off the west coast of Africa in late July. Moving westward, the system developed into a tropical depression in the central Atlantic, and further into a tropical storm prior to entering the Caribbean Sea. The system encountered high wind shear south of Jamaica but subsequently reached its peak intensity as a Category 2 hurricane as it made landfall on the Yucatán Peninsula. Ernesto briefly emerged in the Bay of Campeche as a strong tropical storm before dissipating over the mountainous terrain of Mexico. The remnant circulation emerged in the eastern Pacific basin, contributing to the formation of Tropical Storm Hector.
Hurricane Ingrid was one of two tropical cyclones, along with Hurricane Manuel, to strike Mexico within a 24-hour period, the first such occurrence since 1958. Ingrid was the ninth named storm and second hurricane of the 2013 Atlantic hurricane season. It formed on September 12 in the Gulf of Mexico from a broad disturbance that also spawned Manuel in the eastern Pacific. After initially moving westward toward Veracruz, Ingrid turned northeastward away from the coast. Favorable conditions allowed it to attain hurricane status on September 14, and the next day Ingrid attained peak winds of 140 km/h (85 mph). Subsequently, increased wind shear weakened the convection as the storm turned more to the northwest and west. On September 16, Ingrid made landfall just south of La Pesca, Tamaulipas in northeastern Mexico as a strong tropical storm, and dissipated the next day. The hurricane was also the last one to form in the Gulf of Mexico until Hurricane Hermine in 2016.
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Hurricane Cosme caused flooding along the Pacific coast of Mexico in June 2013. The third named tropical cyclone of the 2013 Pacific hurricane season, the storm system formed from a tropical wave south of Manzanillo, Colima, on June 23. The cyclone intensified into a tropical storm on June 24, and soon after strengthened into a hurricane on June 25. Early the following day, Cosme attained its peak intensity as a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 980 mbar. However, Cosme then began to encounter stable air and lower sea surface temperatures, causing the system to weaken to a tropical storm late on June 26. The system continued to weaken and degenerated into a remnant low pressure surface trough about 690 mi (1,110 km) west-southwest of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, on June 27. The remnants persisted until dissipating well east-southeast of the Hawaiian Islands on July 1.
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Tropical Storm Dolly was a short-lived and disorganized tropical cyclone that caused moderate damage across Tamaulipas, Mexico, in early September 2014. Originating from a tropical wave, the system first became a tropical depression late on September 1 while situated over the Bay of Campeche. Dolly struggled against strong wind shear for the duration of its existence. The large system featured multiple circulations, sometimes becoming a new dominant center and other times simply rotating around a mean vortex. As a result, multiple center relocations occurred along its general west-northwest track. Dolly eventually made landfall in Tamaulipas on September 3 before degenerating into a remnant low. The system subsequently dissipated the following day.