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A whistleblower is a person who exposes any kind of information or activity that is deemed illegal, unethical, or not correct within an organization that is either private or public. The information of alleged wrongdoing can be classified in many ways: violation of company policy/rules, law, regulation, or threat to public interest/national security, as well as fraud, and corruption. Those who become whistleblowers can choose to bring information or allegations to surface either internally or externally. Internally, a whistleblower can bring his/her accusations to the attention of other people within the accused organization such as an immediate supervisor. Externally, a whistleblower can bring allegations to light by contacting a third party outside of an accused organization such as the media, government, law enforcement, or those who are concerned. Whistleblowers, however, take the risk of facing stiff reprisal and retaliation from those who are accused or alleged of wrongdoing.
Michael Francis Moore is an American documentary filmmaker and author. He is best known for his work on globalization and capitalism.
Donald John Trump is the 45th and current president of the United States. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality.
Moore announced the site via an editorial in The Huffington Post.[2][6] Users could submit data to Moore via postal mail, email encryption, Peerio, WhatsApp, and Signal software.[1][7]Salon expressed its view about the website: "Moore has launched what will perhaps be his most important project yet".[5]USA Today commented of Moore's announcement, "The letter had the tenor of a rallying cry."[8] 'Engadget was skeptical, pointing out it was redundant to other sites using SecureDrop.[3]WikiLeaks gave a statement criticizing the site, and saying theirs was more secure.[9] The website's launch received additional coverage across multiple language publications, including Spanish,[10] Italian,[11] German,[12] and Portuguese.[13]
Email encryption is encryption of email messages to protect the content from being read by entities other than the intended recipients. Email encryption may also include authentication.
Peerio is a cross-platform end-to-end encrypted application that provides secure messaging, file sharing, and cloud file storage. Peerio is available as an application for iOS, Android, macOS, Windows, and Linux. Peerio (Legacy) was originally released on 14 January 2015, and was replaced by Peerio 2 on 15 June 2017.
WhatsApp Messenger is a freeware and cross-platform messaging and Voice over IP (VoIP) service owned by Facebook. The application allows the sending of text messages and voice calls, as well as video calls, images and other media, documents, and user location. The application runs from a mobile device but is also accessible from desktop computers while the mobile device is connected to the Internet; the service requires consumer users to provide a standard cellular mobile number. Originally, users could only communicate with others individually or in groups of individual users, but in September 2017, WhatsApp announced a forthcoming business platform that will enable companies to provide customer service to users at scale.
A documentary film is a nonfictional motion picture intended to document some aspect of reality, primarily for the purposes of instruction, education, or maintaining a historical record. "Documentary" has been described as a "filmmaking practice, a cinematic tradition, and mode of audience reception" that is continually evolving and is without clear boundaries. Documentary films were originally called 'actuality' films and were only a minute or less in length. Over time documentaries have evolved to be longer in length and to include more categories, such as educational, observational, and even 'docufiction'. Documentaries are also educational and often used in schools to teach various principles. Social media platforms such as YouTube, have allowed documentary films to improve the ways the films are distributed and able to educate and broaden the reach of people who receive the information.
Fahrenheit 11/9 is a 2018 American political documentary by filmmaker Michael Moore about the 2016 United States presidential election and the subsequent presidency of Donald Trump. The film had its world premiere on September 6, 2018 at the 2018 Toronto International Film Festival, and was released in the United States on September 21, 2018, by Briarcliff Entertainment.
President of the United States (POTUS) is the title for the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.
United States attorneys represent the United States federal government in United States district courts and United States courts of appeals.
Preetinder Singh Bharara is an American lawyer who served as the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York from 2009 to 2017. As a U.S. Attorney, Bharara earned a reputation of a "crusader" prosecutor. According to The New York Times, during his tenure he was one of "the nation's most aggressive and outspoken prosecutors of public corruption and Wall Street crime." Under Bharara, the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York prosecuted nearly 100 Wall Street executives for insider trading and other offenses. He reached historic settlements and fines with the four largest banks in the United States, and closed multibillion-dollar hedge funds for activities including insider trading.
The United States Attorney General (A.G.) is the chief lawyer of the federal government of the United States and head of the United States Department of Justice per 28 U.S.C. § 503, concerned with all legal affairs.
The website's purpose was to encourage leaks related to Donald Trump, in the form of photographs, video recordings, sound files, or documents.[8] Moore posted a message to his personal website, explaining the motivation of the new venture and that he wanted any information related to: "crimes, breaches of public trust and misconduct committed by Donald J. Trump and his associates".[8] He asserted, "Trump thinks he's above the law".[8] Moore stated it was his view that Trump had engaged in obstruction of justice, falsehoods to the United States citizenry, promoted violent behavior, and violated the Constitution of the United States.[17][14]
Obstruction of justice, in United States jurisdictions, is a process crime, consisting of obstructing prosecutors or other officials. Common law jurisdictions other than the United States tend to use the wider offense of perverting the course of justice.
Moore established a four-point-plan to lead to Trump's political downfall: "1. Mass Citizen Action 2. Take Him To Court Nonstop 3. YOU Run for Office 4. An Army of Satire."[7][18] He appealed to readers to follow the example of past whistleblowers, including Edward Snowden, Chelsea Manning, Daniel Ellsberg, Jeffrey Wigand, Sherron Watkins, and Karen Silkwood.[19] Moore placed the act of whistleblowing as an American tradition within the context of the history of the United States, dating back to the foundation of the country.[4][17][15] In order to justify publication of such materials, Moore included a quotation from Vice President of the United StatesMike Pence about freedom of the press.[6][16] Moore acknowledged that submitting information to him in this covert manner, "might get dangerous. It may get us in trouble. But we're running out of time. We must act. It's our patriotic duty."[8][17][20]
Edward Joseph Snowden is an American fugitive, a former Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) employee, and former contractor for the United States government who copied and leaked highly classified information from the National Security Agency (NSA) in 2013. His disclosures revealed numerous global surveillance programs, many run by the NSA and the Five Eyes Intelligence Alliance with the cooperation of telecommunication companies and European governments.
Chelsea Elizabeth Manning is an American activist and whistleblower. She is a former United States Army soldier who was convicted by court-martial in July 2013 of violations of the Espionage Act and other offenses, after disclosing to WikiLeaks nearly 750,000 classified, or unclassified but sensitive, military and diplomatic documents. She was imprisoned between 2010 and 2017, and again in 2019. A trans woman, Manning released a statement in 2013 explaining she had a female gender identity since childhood and wanted to be known as Chelsea Manning. She also expressed a desire to begin hormone replacement therapy.
Daniel Ellsberg is an American writer, activist and former United States military analyst who, while employed by the RAND Corporation, precipitated a national political controversy in 1971 when he released the Pentagon Papers, a top-secret Pentagon study of the U.S. government decision-making in relation to the Vietnam War, to The New York Times and other newspapers.
Organization
TrumpiLeaks was launched on June 6, 2017.[8][17][20] It was founded by filmmaker Michael Moore, as a devoted portal section off his own website at michaelmoore.com.[4][3][5] Moore announced the formation of the website, in an editorial letter published by The Huffington Post.[20][2][6]
The site was geared to accept materials from businesses including the Trump Organization, police, or the federal bureaucracy.[20][21][19] Moore said he had brought together a group familiar with information security in order to protect the ability of leakers to remain anonymous, and stated the site had "high-powered encryption technology".[20][18] The website offered individuals the ability to submit data to Moore via postal mail, email encryption, Peerio, WhatsApp, and Signal software.[1][7][14]
Critical analysis and reactions
Michael Rozsa assessed the significance of the initiative, in a report for Salon, writing: "Moore has launched what will perhaps be his most important project yet".[5]USA Today reporter Sean Rossman commented of Michael Moore's message explaining his new website, "The letter had the tenor of a rallying cry."[8] Angelica LaVito of CNBC compared and contrasted Moore and Trump, pointing out "Moore has long been a vocal opponent of Trump."[17] LaVito referenced Trump's statements on leaks, noting: "President Donald Trump wants to stop leaks. Michael Moore wants to create more."[17]The News Tribune journalist Craig Sailor wrote: "Two of pop culture's biggest icons are about to butt heads. One of them is the president."[18] Similarly, Jacqueline Thomsen writing for The Hill acknowledged, "The documentary filmmaker has been an outspoken critic of President Trump".[14]Engadget reporter Mallory Locklear was skeptical of the site, pointing out: "The concept and website are both a little redundant", and noting other news organizations had SecureDrop for similar purposes.[3]SC Magazine also noted the Trump Administration was already facing a stream of leaks.[2]The A.V. Club commented of Moore's multiple actions against Trump including the website: "The presidency of Donald Trump seems to have newly energized the man".[22]
WikiLeaks was critical of Moore's actions, and stated its website was more secure than TrumpiLeaks.[9]The Washington Examiner noted the timing of the website's start, coming on the heels of federal law enforcement action against a whistleblower: "The launch of TrumpiLeaks comes just one day after the Department of Justice announced the arrest of 25-year-old federal contractor Reality Winner, for leaking classified information related to Russia to an online news outlet."[7] Douglas Perry wrote for The Oregonian that Moore emphasized, "Trump critics shouldn't grow complacent because of the scandal-a-day nature of the Trump administration and assume he'll soon be run out of office."[21] The website's launch featured media coverage in multiple other language publications, including Spanish,[10][23][24] Italian,[11][25] German,[12] and Portuguese.[13]
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