| Twin-spot fritillary | |
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| Dorsal view | |
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| Ventral view | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Genus: | Brenthis |
| Species: | B. hecate |
| Binomial name | |
| Brenthis hecate (Denis & Schiffermüller 1775) | |
The twin-spot fritillary (Brenthis hecate) is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.
Brenthis hecate is a large fritillary with a wingspan reaching 35–45 millimetres (1.4–1.8 in) and bright orange uppersides of the wings. The underside of the hindwings shows a double parallel line of brown spots (hence the common name).
hecate W . V . (68f). Darker red-brown than most of the preceding species, above similar to niobe, the wings more rounded, the spots thin but sharply defined, all separated from each other, only the median dentate line of the hindwing continuous. The underside is very characteristic; it has no silver and is alternately light yellow and cinnamon-red; the light yellow median band is somewhat shifted basad and is less curved than in euphrosyne , thore , amphilochus , etc. In Central and South Europe, France, Northern Italy, especially Austria-Hungary, Russia and Asia Minor. — caucasica Stgr. [now B. hectae transcaucasica (Wnukowsky, 1929)](68f) is a rather large form, which is more yellowish brown above and very light yellow on the hindwing beneath, the cinnamon-brown being much reduced; from the shores of the Black Sea, especially Armenia. — alaica Stgr.[now B. hecate alaica (Staudinger, 1886)] (68g), from the Pamir and the Ala-Dagh, is rather strongly edged with black above, while the black markings are much reduced on the rest of the surface, especially in the outer third of the forewing. — aigina Fruhst. [now B. hecate aigina (Fruhstorfer, 1908)], from Andalusia, is paler on both sides, the basal half of the hindwing above lighter and the hindwing beneath more uniformly yellow, the russet-red being entirely absent or only vestigial as some smears. — Of individual aberrations ab. priscilla Schultz is characterized by a broad black median band and ab. avernensis Guill. by the darkened upperside having a bluish sheen. Butterflies occur from the end of May till July on mountain meadows and clearings in woods, being very local. [1]
The flight period extends from May to early August. The larva feeds on Filipendula vulgaris and Dorycnium .
Brenthis hecate is found in south-western Europe, Lithuania, southern Russia, the Balkans, Asia Minor, Iran and Central Asia.
This species is typical of dry flowery meadows with light scrub and woodland margins, at an elevation of 25–1,500 metres (82–4,921 ft) above sea level.
Named in the Classical tradition. Hecate is a goddess in ancient Greek religion and mythology.
The silver-washed fritillary is a common and variable butterfly found over much of the Palearctic realm – Algeria, Europe and across the Palearctic to Japan.
Coenonympha tullia, the large heath or common ringlet, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It flies in a variety of grassy habitats, including roadsides, woodland edges and clearings, prairies, bogs, and arctic and alpine taiga and tundra. It is a poor flyer, but can sometimes be found along ditches seeking new grounds. It is a holarctic species found in northern Europe, east across the Palearctic and across North America. The species was first described by Otto Friedrich Müller in 1764.
The purple-shot copper is a butterfly in the family of the Lycaenidae or copper butterflies and in the genus of the Lycaena.
Melitaea diamina, the false heath fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae.
The scarce copper is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae.
The scarce fritillary is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, and Sweden. and East across the Palearctic to Mongolia.
The water ringlet is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is a high altitude butterfly found in the Alps, Bavaria, Styria, Pyrenees, Carpathians and Bulgaria.
Boloria dia, the Weaver's fritillary or violet fritillary, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. The name Weaver's fritillary is in honor of Richard Weaver, an English insect collector who claimed to have obtained the specimen within ten miles of Birmingham around 1820. However, B. dia is very rare in England and the few specimens known from there are thought to be from possibly accidental introductions.
Boloria titania, the Titania's fritillary or purple bog fritillary, is a butterfly of the subfamily Heliconiinae of the family Nymphalidae.
Glaucopsyche alexis, the green-underside blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in the Palearctic.
Agriades optilete, the cranberry blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in north eastern Europe, the Alps, North Asia, Japan, Korea and north western North America.
Polyommatus amandus, the Amanda's blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm.
Polyommatus daphnis, the Meleager's blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae.
Chazara briseis, the hermit, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be found in North Africa, southern Europe, Asia Minor, the Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Central Asia through Afghanistan, and north-western China and Tuva. It is found on steppe and in other dry grassy places between 500 and 2,500 meters.
Boloria pales, the shepherd's fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found from the Cantabrian Mountains and the Pyrenees through the Alps and Apennine Mountains east to the Balkan, Carpathian Mountains, the Caucasus and central Asia up to western China.
Polyommatus (Plebicula) dorylas, the turquoise blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in southern Europe, Asia Minor, the Ural Mountains, Caucasus and Transcaucasia. Its wingspan is 15–17 mm. The butterfly's common name comes from the dazzling bright blue colour of male's wings. The larvae feed on Anthyllis vulneraria. The butterfly flies from May to September in two generations. Habitats include flowery meadows in rocky areas at 500–2000 m.
Pseudochazara mniszechii, the tawny rockbrown, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is confined to Greece, Turkey, northern Iran, Balochistan, and the Caucasus.
Euphydryas intermedia synonym ichnea is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic that belongs to the browns family. It occurs up to 2200 m above sea level.
Coenonympha amaryllis is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic that belongs to the browns family.
Erebia dabanensis is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic that belongs to the browns family.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .