The Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation is a communist political party in India. The party is represented in Bihar and Jharkhand Legislative Assemblies. Since 2023, the party is also a member of the INDIA electoral alliance. In Bihar, the party has significant base amongst the Extremely Backward Castes and the Schedule Castes. It was successful in mobilising Upper Backward Caste groups such as Koeris in some districts of central Bihar, prior to the rise of Lalu Prasad Yadav. The party faced existential crisis when a large section of its Koeri and Yadav support base defected to Rashtriya Janata Dal in 1990s. However, the ideological commitment of its cadre protected it from disintegration. It staged a comeback in politics after winning twelve seats in Bihar Legislative Assembly in 2020 and by sending two of its members to Lok Sabha in 2024 Indian general elections.
Samastipur is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar in India. The district headquarters are located at Samastipur. The district occupies an area of 2904 km² and has a population of 4,261,566.
Kushwaha is a community of the Indo-Gangetic Plain that has traditionally been involved in agriculture, including beekeeping. The term has been used to represent different sub-castes of the Kachhis, Kachhvahas, Koeris and Muraos. The Kushwaha had worshipped Shiva and Shakta, but beginning in the 20th century, they claim descent from the Suryavansh (Solar) dynasty via Kusha, one of the twin sons of Rama and Sita. At present, it is a broad community formed by coming together of several caste groups with similar occupational backgrounds and socio-economic status, who, over the time, started inter-marrying among themselves and created all India caste network for caste solidarity. The communities which merged into this caste cluster includes Kachhi, Kachhwaha, Kushwaha, Mali, Marrar, Saini, Sonkar, Murai, Shakya, Maurya, Koeri and Panara.
Jaunpur Lok Sabha Constituency is a parliamentary constituency in Purvanchal region of Uttar Pradesh.
Samastipur is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. It is reserved for Scheduled Castes. In the Legislative Assembly segment of this Lok Sabha constituency, Kushwaha, and Yadav caste are dominant, however, due to preponderance of other caste groups, Extremely Backward Castes and Schedule Castes also determine the election results.
Arrah is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar, India. It is a part of the Bhojpur district and comprises seven Assembly constituencies: Sandesh, Barhara, Arrah, Agiaon (SC), Tarari, Jagdishpur and Shahpur.
Khagaria Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. This constituency came into existence in 1957 and from 1957 to 2019, the constituency has elected six parliamentarians from the Yadav caste as well as five parliamentarians from the Kushwaha caste. Both the Yadav and Kushwaha communities are preponderant in this constituency and dominate the political scenario.
Karakat is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. This constituency came into existence in 2008 as a part of the implementation of delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002. Karakat is considered as a Kushwaha dominated constituency.
Chapra is an assembly constituency in Saran district in the Indian state of Bihar. In 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election, Chapra was one of the 36 seats to have VVPAT enabled electronic voting machines.
Kalyanpur is an assembly constituency in Samastipur district in the Indian state of Bihar. The seat is reserved for scheduled castes.
Ujiarpur Assembly constituency is an assembly constituency in Samastipur district in the Indian state of Bihar. The constituency was formed following the Delimitation Order of 2008.
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Tarapur Assembly constituency is one of 243 constituencies of the legislative assembly of Bihar. It comes under Jamui. This assembly constituency contains Tarapur Block. The region is dominated by Kushwahas. In the elections of Mukhiya and the President (Pramukh) of the Block, the probability of the victory of candidates belonging to this caste group remains high. In 2022, the polls were conducted for the membership of Zila Parishad and Mukhiya, and out of ten posts of Mukhia, five were won by the candidate belonging to Kushwaha community. The two posts of member of Zila Parishad also went to candidates from the same community.
Biharsharif Assembly constituency is one of 243 constituencies of legislative assembly of Bihar. It is a part of Nalanda Lok Sabha constituency along with other assembly constituencies viz. Islampur, Harnaut, Hilsa, Nalanda, Asthawan and Rajgir. In 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election, Biharsharif will be one of the 36 seats to have VVPAT enabled electronic voting machines.
Rashtriya Lok Samta Party was a political party in India led by Upendra Kushwaha. It was launched on 3 March 2013 and was based in the state of Bihar. The party came into existence as a result of a feud between Nitish Kumar and Upendra Kushwaha, after which Kushwaha left The Nitish Kumar lead Janata Dal (United) and formed his own party. It has faced multiple rebellions and desertions since 2015. After the relations between Nitish and Kushwaha normalized, Upendra Kushwaha merged RLSP into JDU on 14 March 2021, with this, the party ceased to exist.
Upendra Kumar Singh, commonly known as Upendra Kushwaha is an Indian politician, and a former Member of Bihar Legislative Council and Bihar Legislative Assembly. He has also served as Minister of State for Human Resources and Development in the Government of India. Kushwaha is a former Member of Parliament (MP) from the Karakat constituency in Rohtas district, Bihar, and a former member of the Rajya Sabha. He was the leader of Rashtriya Samata Party (RSP), his own party, which merged into Janata Dal (United) (JDU) in 2009. Later, he formed Rashtriya Lok Samata Party (RLSP), which also merged with JD(U) in 2021. On 20 February 2023, Kushwaha resigned from all positions in Janata Dal (United) and formed his own party called Rashtriya Lok Morcha due to his political problems with JD(U) and Nitish Kumar. Kushwaha contested the Lok Sabha election of 2024 from Karakat constituency and finished at a distant third position. However, he was elected unopposed to Rajya Sabha in August 2024.
Bhabua is one of 243 constituencies of legislative assembly of Bihar. It comes under Sasaram Lok Sabha constituency.
The Luv-Kush equation is a political term used in the context of the politics of Bihar, to denote the alliance of the agricultural Kurmi and the Koeri caste, which was assumed to be approximately 15% of the state's population The alliance of these two caste groups has remained the support base of Nitish Kumar, as against the MY equation of Lalu Prasad Yadav, which constitutes Muslims and the Yadavs. Caste consciousness and the quest for political representation largely drive the politics of Bihar. The political alliance of the Koeri and the Kurmi castes, termed the "Luv-Kush equation" was formed when a massive Kurmi Chetna Rally was organised by members of the Kurmi community in 1994 against the alleged casteist politics of Lalu Yadav, who was blamed by contemporary community leaders for promoting Yadavs in politics and administration.
The 2024 Indian general election was held in Bihar in all 7 phases from 19 April to 1 June to elect 40 members of the 18th Lok Sabha, with the results declared on 4 June.
Prabhu Dayal Singh was an Indian politician from Bihar, who served as member of Bihar Legislative Assembly for three terms from erstwhile Mirganj Assembly constituency in Gopalganj district of Bihar. Singh was a member of Rashtriya Janata Dal led by Lalu Prasad Yadav and was considered as a trusted aide of Yadav's brother-in-law Subhash Prasad Yadav. Singh had also served as member of other political parties which included Indian National Congress and Samata Party.
JD(U)