| Upeneus pori | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Mullidae |
| Genus: | Upeneus |
| Species: | U. pori |
| Binomial name | |
| Upeneus pori | |
Upeneus pori (Por's goatfish) is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a goatfish from the family Mullidae which is found in western Indian Ocean and the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Upeneus pori has an elongated body and a rounded snout. [2] The body is greyish or red-brown, darker on the back, and covered with grey or reddish brown spots which go as far as the lower flanks but with no or a very faint lateral stripe visible in freh specimens. There is a dark brown or red bar which runs vertically through the eye and the barbels located on the chin are white or yellow. The first dorsal fin is colourless. The caudal fin is marked with a total of 11–15 bars with 4–6 reddish brown bars on the upper lobe and 6–9 red-brown or grey bars on the lower part of the lower lobe which extend to form a broad brown or dark grey stripe along middle of lobe. There are also 3–4 brownish-red or grey bars on inner, upper half of lower lobe, these bars are normally visible on preserved specimens. The dorsal fins have a total of 7 spines and 9 soft rays while the anal fin has a single spine and 7 soft rays. [3] This fish attains a standard length of 19 centimetres (7.5 in). [4]
Upeneus pori occurs naturally in the Red Sea and into the north western Indian Ocean as far east as the southern coast of Oman. It has also been found off Madagascar in the southwestern Indian Ocean. [4] It is now very abundant in the eastern Mediterranean Sea where it was recorded as early as 1950, following its migration through the Suez Canal, and has spread recently as far west as Tunisia and Sicily. [5] [6]
Upeneus pori feeds on benthic invertebrates buried in the substrate, particularly crustaceans and, somewhat on polychaetes. They use their barbels, like other goatfishes, to detect prey. [3] In the Mediterranean its spawning season lasts from April to September.
Upeneus pori was first formally described in 1989 by Adam Ben Tuvia and Daniel Golani with the type locality given as Eilat on the Gulf of Aqaba and was subsequently found to occur in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. [7] The authors honoured the hydrobiologist and biogeographer Francis Dov Por (1927-2014) of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in recognition of contribution to the study of Lessepsian migration, of which U.pori is part. [8]
U. pori is a member of the japonicus species group within the genus Upeneus along with U. asymmetricus , U. australasiae , U. farnis , U. francisi , U. guttatus , U. japonicus , U. itoui , U. lombo , U. parvus , U. spottocaudalis and U. torres . [4] [9] [10]
The goatfishes are fish of the family Mullidae, the only family in the order Mulliformes. The family is also sometimes referred to as the red mullets, which also refers more narrowly to the genus Mullus.
Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams, whiptail breams, or Sultan Ibrahim, is a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes. These fishes are found in the Indo-West Pacific region.
Upeneichthys lineatus, also known as the blue-striped mullet, blue-lined goatfish. blue-striped goatfish, blue-spotted goatfish and blue striped red mullet, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a goatfish from the family Mullidae. It is native to the Pacific coast of Australia. It occurs in sheltered areas over rocky and sandy substrates and can be found 5 to 100 metres, though rarer below 40 metres (130 ft). This species can reach a length of 40 centimetres (16 in) FL. This species is commercially important.
The Lessepsian migration is the migration of marine species along the Suez Canal, usually from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea, and more rarely in the opposite direction. When the canal was completed in 1869, fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and other marine animals and plants were exposed to an artificial passage between the two naturally separate bodies of water, and cross-contamination was made possible between formerly isolated ecosystems. The phenomenon is still occurring today. It is named after Ferdinand de Lesseps, the French diplomat in charge of the canal's construction.
The dash-and-dot goatfish is a species of goatfish native to the Indian and Pacific oceans.
The red mullets or surmullets are two species of goatfish, Mullus barbatus and Mullus surmuletus, found in the Mediterranean Sea, east North Atlantic Ocean, and the Black Sea. Both "red mullet" and "surmullet" can also refer to the Mullidae in general.
Mulloidichthys is a genus of fish in the family Mullidae native to coral and rocky reefs of the tropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean.
Upeneichthys vlamingii, the blue-spotted goatfish, southern goatfish, black-striped goatfish, blue-striped red mullet, southern red mullet or western red mullet, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a goatfish from the family Mullidae native to the coast of southern Australia.
Upeneus is a genus of goatfishes native to the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans.
Upeneus mascareinsis, the Mascarene goatfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Mullidae, the goatfishes, which is found in the Indian Ocean.
Parupeneus pleurostigma, commonly known as the sidespot goatfish and round-spot goatfish, is a marine fish belonging to the family Mullidae.
Priacanthus sagittarius, The arrow bulleye, is a species of marine ray finned fish, a bigeye in the family Priacanthidae. It is native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is also observed since 2009, in rare occasions, in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, which it most likely entered via the Suez Canal.
Upeneus moluccensis, the goldband goatfish, golden-banded goatfish or Moluccan goatfish, is a species of Indo-Pacific goatfish from the red mullet and goatfish family, the Mullidae. It is widespread in the warmer waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans as far east as New Caledonia and has colonised the eastern Mediterranean Sea from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal, making it a Lessepsian migrant.
Apogonichthyoides pharaonis, the Pharaoh cardinalfish, is a species of cardinalfish from the family Apogonidae which is found the western Indian Ocean and Red Sea. It is one of a group of species which have colonised the eastern Mediterranean Sea from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal, a process known as Lessepsian migration.
Nemipterus randalli, or Randall's threadfin bream, is a species of ray-finned fish from the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams, which is native to the western Indian Ocean and the Red Sea, it has invaded the eastern Mediterranean by Lessepsian migration through the Suez Canal.
Parupeneus forsskali, common name Red Sea goatfish, is a species of goatfish belonging to the family Mullidae.
Upeneus taeniopterus is a species of fish in the family Mullidae, the goatfishes. It is known commonly as the finstripe goatfish. It is a marine fish native to the Indo-Pacific region.
Epinephelus geoffroyi, the Red Sea spotted grouper, is a species of marine fish in the genus Epinephelus in the grouper family. The species was first described in 1870. E. geoffroyi was previously considered a synonym of Epinephelus chlorostigma, but Randall et al. recognized it as a valid species in 2013.
Upeneus doriae, the gilded goatfish, is a species of ray-finned fish within the family Mullidae. The species is found distributed in the western Indian Ocean in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It is a demersal species, schooling over sandy substrates, reef areas, and near coastal areas at depths up to 45 meters. It grows to lengths of 20 to 30 centimeters.
