Varus deformity

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Varus deformity
Cubitus varus and cubitus valgus.png
Cubitus varus and cubitus valgus.
Specialty Orthopedics

A varus deformity is an excessive inward angulation (medial angulation, that is, towards the body's midline) of the distal segment of a bone or joint. The opposite of varus is called valgus.

Contents

The terms varus and valgus always refer to the direction that the distal segment of the joint points.

For example, in a valgus deformity of the knee, the distal part of the leg below the knee is deviated outward, in relation to the femur, resulting in a knock-kneed appearance. Conversely, a varus deformity at the knee results in a bowlegged with the distal part of the leg deviated inward, in relation to the femur. However, in relation to the mid-line of the body, the knee joint is deviated towards the mid-line.

Terminology

The terminology is made confusing by the etymology of these words.

When the terminology refers to a bone rather than a joint, the distal segment of the bone is being described. Thus, a varus deformity of the tibia (i.e. a mid-shaft tibial fracture with varus deformity) refers to the distal segment in a varus alignment compared to the proximal segment.[ citation needed ]

Examples

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human leg</span> Lower extremity or limb of the human body (foot, lower leg, thigh and hip)

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Varus may refer to:

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coxa vara</span> Deformity of the hip

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Valgus deformity</span> Deformity in which the bone near a joint is angled outward

A valgus deformity is a condition in which the bone segment distal to a joint is angled outward, that is, angled laterally, away from the body's midline. The opposite deformation, where the twist or angulation is directed medially, toward the center of the body, is called varus. Common causes of valgus knee in adults include arthritis of the knee and traumatic injuries.

Pes or the acronym PES may refer to:

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cubitus varus</span> Deformity involving inward deviation of an extended forearm

Cubitus varus is a varus deformity in which the extended forearm is deviated towards midline of the body.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pigeon toe</span> Medical condition affecting the feet

Pigeon toe, also known as in-toeing, is a condition which causes the toes to point inward when walking. It is most common in infants and children under two years of age and, when not the result of simple muscle weakness, normally arises from underlying conditions, such as a twisted shin bone or an excessive anteversion resulting in the twisting of the thigh bone when the front part of a person's foot is turned in.

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References

  1. "varus. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary".
  2. Harvard University Dept. of the Classics: Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Volume 8, page 109. Ginn & Company, 1897. 1897.
  3. "valgus. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary".
  4. Harvard University Dept. of the Classics: Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Volume 8, page 109. Ginn & Company, 1897. 1897.
  5. "Congenital Coxa Vera: eMedicine Orthopedic Surgery". 2019-05-29.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. Gibbons, PJ; Gray, K (September 2013). "Update on clubfoot". Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 49 (9): E434–7. doi:10.1111/jpc.12167. PMID   23586398. S2CID   6185031.
  7. "Talipes equinovarus". Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD). 2017. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2017.