Vivianiaceae was a family of flowering plants placed in the order Geraniales. The family name is derived from the genus Viviania Cav. It includes both the genus Viviania and Balbisia . The family is now wholly incorporated into the family Francoaceae . [1]
There are around 1-4 genera in Vivianiaceae ( Araeoandra , Caesarea , Cissarobryon , Viviania ; with all of four genera can be merged into one genus), and under the APG III system the genera from Ledocarpaceae - Balbisia (incl. Ledocarpon ), Rhynchotheca , and Wendtia - are now included within the Vivianiaceae. [2]
A relationship with Caryophyllales, was formerly suggested; but morphology (S-plastids) and chemistry are close to Geraniales. [3]