Wallagonia leerii

Last updated

Wallagonia leerii
Wallagonia leerii.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Siluridae
Genus: Wallagonia
Species:
W. leerii
Binomial name
Wallagonia leerii
(Bleeker, 1851)
Synonyms

Wallagonia leerii, also known as the Tapah, helicopter catfish, and formerly the striped wallago catfish is a species of catfish native to Southeast Asia. Its habitat ranges from the river drainages of Thailand through the Malayan peninsula to the islands of Sumatra and Borneo in Indonesia. [1] It can grow up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in length and weigh up to 150 kg (330 lb). [1] It has been used as food in Southeast Asia since ancient times. [2] Overfishing for its prized meat has caused the population to significantly decrease. Furthermore, the breeding migration pattern of this fish is especially vulnerable to damming, which has also decreased the wild population significantly.

Contents

Until osteological research validated the genus Wallagonia in 2014, W. leerii was included in the genus Wallago . [1]

The other two species of the genus Wallagonia, the Lesser tapah from the Mekong river basin and the Spotted tapah from the Kinabatangan river basin on Borneo, are currently considered as distinct species. There are, however, strong suspicions that these may in fact be subspecies of W. leerii, as the sole difference seems to lie in a slightly different coloration. [1]

Description

A tapah depicted in the Illustrated collection of fishes from Asia, Africa and Australia Wallagonia leerii illustration.jpg
A tapah depicted in the Illustrated collection of fishes from Asia, Africa and Australia

The Tapah is a large fish, commonly attaining lengths of 150 centimetres and a mass of up to 86 kilograms. The size of this fish however can easily exceed the aforementioned lengths. [3] It is the second-largest catfish in its family and is only outsized by the wels, Giant pangasius and Mekong giant catfish. It has a short, rounded body and a long broad tail, the anal fin of the fish is about as long as the tail itself and it ends in a forked caudal fin. The pelvic fins of the fish are small, and there are no dorsal spines on it. The Tapah possesses a noticeable hump, atop sits its dorsal fin, which is small and almost elliptical. The head of this fish is long, and remarkably wide with a huge lower jaw that extends beyond its maxilla. The mouth of the catfish is inlaid with several rows of sharp teeth that enable it to grip prey. It is a piscivore, primarily feeding on small fish which are snatched mid-swimming and consumed whole.

Threats

The Tapah faces a multitude of threats, as it is vulnerable to destructive fishing, competition with invasive species, destruction of suitable habitat, and dam construction that impact its lifecycle. [4]

Splitting of species within the complex may give doubts to the true abundance of the species, meaning it could be far more restricted than once thought.

Mating

In July, adults migrate downstream to flooded grasslands to spawn. At night, the eggs are spawned near the surface. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tinfoil barb</span> Species of fish

The tinfoil barb is a tropical Southeast Asian freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae. This species was originally described as Barbus schwanenfeldii by Pieter Bleeker in 1853, and has also been placed in the genera Barbodes and Puntius. The specific epithet is frequently misspelled schwanefeldii.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kenyir Lake</span> Reservoir in Terengganu, Malaysia

Kenyir Lake is an artificial lake located in Hulu Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia, nestled deep in the Pantai Timur Range. The lake was created in 1985 by the Kenyir Dam on the Kenyir River, the upper stream of the Terengganu River. The lake provides water to the nearby Sultan Mahmud Power Station. It is the largest man-made lake in mainland Southeast Asia with an area of 260,000 hectares.

<i>Wallago</i> Genus of fishes

Wallago is a genus of catfishes order Siluriformes of the family Siluridae, or sheatfish. They are found in rivers throughout southern and southeastern Asia. The only extant species of this genus is Wallago attu.

<i>Wallago attu</i> Species of fish

Wallago attu is a freshwater catfish of the family Siluridae, native to South and Southeast Asia. W. attu is found in large rivers and lakes in two geographically disconnected regions, with one population living over much of the Indian Subcontinent and the other in parts of Southeast Asia. This species can reach a length up to 1.1 m.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siluridae</span> Family of fishes

Siluridae is the nominate family of catfishes in the order Siluriformes. About 105 living species of silurids are placed in 12 or 14 genera.

<i>Kryptopterus</i> Genus of fishes

Kryptopterus is a genus of catfishes belonging to the family Siluridae. They are found in freshwater throughout Southeast Asia. The scientific name comes from Ancient Greek kryptós + ptéryx. It refers to the reduced or even entirely absent dorsal fin of these catfishes.

<i>Sorubim</i> Genus of fishes

Sorubim is a small genus of long-whiskered catfish native to tropical South America. A number of characteristics allows the differentiation of each species in the genus. Sorubim species are important food fish in South America and are highly significant to fisheries of some areas; however, harvests of these fish are not identified as much as other, more popular food fishes such as Colossoma, Arapaima, and Brachyplatystoma. Some species of this family are popular aquarium fish.

<i>Brachyplatystoma</i> Genus of fishes

Brachyplatystoma is a genus of catfish from the family Pimelodidae. As the occasionally used common name goliath catfishes indicates, this genus includes some of the largest species of catfish, including the piraíba, B. filamentosum, which reaches up to the region of 3.6 metres (12 ft) in length. Brachyplatystoma are found in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and other tropical freshwater and brackish habitats in South America. Some species are migratory. These fish are important as food fish and, to some extent, aquarium fish.

<i>Wallagonia micropogon</i> Species of fish

Wallagonia micropogon is a species of catfish in the genus Wallagonia. This species was recently discovered and is found in the Mekong River drainage area between southern Vietnam and northern Laos as well as Chao Phraya River in Thailand. It is a freshwater fish.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giant pangasius</span> Species of freshwater fish

The giant pangasius, paroon shark, pangasid-catfish or Chao Phraya giant catfish is a species of freshwater fish in the shark catfish family (Pangasiidae) of order Siluriformes, found in the Chao Phraya and Mekong basins in Indochina. Its populations have declined drastically, mainly due to overfishing, and it is now considered Critically Endangered.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Java barb</span> Species of fish

The Java barb, more commonly known as silver barb in aquaculture, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Barbonymus.

<i>Hemisilurus</i> Genus of fishes

Hemisilurus is a genus of sheatfishes native to Southeast Asia.

<i>Datnioides microlepis</i> Species of fish

Datnioides microlepis, also known as the Indonesian tiger perch, Indo datmoid, Indonesian tigerfish, or finescale tigerfish, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lobotidae, the tripletails and tiger perches. This species is endemic to the islands of Sumatra and Kalimantan in Indonesia.

Wallagonia maculatus is a species of catfish in the family Siluridae endemic to Malaysia, where it is known only from Sabah in northern Borneo. This species grows up to a length of 100 centimetres (39 in) SL.

<i>Phalacronotus apogon</i> Species of fish

Phalacronotus apogon is a species of catfish of the genus Phalacronotus found in Southeast Asia. This species grows to a length of 130 centimetres (51 in) SL.

<i>Datnioides undecimradiatus</i> Species of fish

Datnioides undecimradiatus, the Mekong tiger perch is a species of freshwater fish belonging to the family Lobotidae, the triplefins and tiger perches. This species is endemic to the lower and middle Mekong basin in Indochina.

<i>Wallagonia</i> Genus of fishes

Wallagonia is a recently established genus of Silurid catfishes, containing 3 distinct species, all of whom are native to Southeast Asia:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giant red tail gourami</span> Species of fish

The giant red tail gourami is a large species of gourami belonging to the family Osphronemidae. This endangered fish is native to the Southeast Asian island of Borneo, where only known from the Kinabatangan and Segama river basins in Sabah, East Malaysia. First described in 1992 based on an aquarium specimen, its exact range was not entirely certain, leading some source to incorrectly also report it from Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giant gourami</span> Species of fish

The giant gourami is a species of large gourami native to freshwater habitats in Southeast Asia. It has also been introduced elsewhere. The species is commercially important as a food fish and is also farmed. It can be found in the aquarium trade, as well. The species has been used for weed control on highly invasive aquatic plants like Salvinia molesta, as the giant gourami can be a voracious herbivore.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Roberts, T.R. (2014): Wallago Bleeker, 1851 and Wallagonia Myers, 1938 (Ostariophysi, Siluridae), Distinct Genera of Tropical Asian Catfishes, with Description of †Wallago maemohensis from the Miocene of Thailand. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 55 (1): 35-47.
  2. Charles Higham, A. Kijnga ed. The Origins of the Civilization of Angkor: Volume VI The Iron Age. page 43. IV 'The Fish Remains'
  3. Ng, Peter K.L. (1992). "The Giant Malayan Catfish, Wallago leerii Bleeker, 1851, and the identities of Wallagonia tweediei Hora & Misra, 1941, and Wallago maculatus Inger & Chin, 1959 (Teleostei: Siluridae)" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 40 (2): 245–263. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  4. "w". rekoforest. 14 September 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
  5. "Wallago leeri". Mekong River Commission. Retrieved 16 June 2014.